Health Consequences of Sulfur Oxides: A Report from CHESS, 1970-1971U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Environmental Research Center, 1974 - Air - 441 pages |
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acute lower respiratory acute respiratory illness air pollution air pollution exposures Air Quality Standard ambient air pollution analysis annual average arithmetic mean asthma attack rates Bronx CHESS CHESS communities chronic bronchitis chronic bronchitis prevalence chronic respiratory disease cigarette smoking dustfall East Helena emissions estimated excess exposure areas exsmokers families Figure frequency High exposure community intercommunity differences Intermediate communities Kearns Low exposure community lower respiratory illness measurements morbidity munity National Primary NEVER PRESENT NEVER nitrogen dioxide nonsmokers NS NS NS Oxides panel panelists percent phlegm pollutant levels polluted communities Pooled population PRESENT NEVER PRESENT Primary Air Quality Public Health questionnaire relative risk Research Triangle Park respiratory symptoms Riverhead Salt Lake City sample severity scores significant smelter sulfur dioxide sulfur dioxide concentrations sulfur dioxide levels suspended nitrates suspended sulfates symptom scores Table temperature tion Tmin total suspended particulate ventilatory function WORSE WORSE York yr residence µg/m³
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Page ii - EPA Review Notice This report has been reviewed by the Environmental Protection Agency and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Environmental Protection Agency nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use...
Page 7-22 - Our data indicate that adverse effects on elderly subjects with heart and lung disease and on panels of asthmatics are. being experienced even on days below the National Primary Standard for 24-hour levels of sulfur dioxide and total suspended particulates.
Page 5-85 - Health Services and Mental Health Administration, Public Health Service, US Department of Health, Education, and Welfare.
Page iii - In this report, attention is focused on the health effects associated with sulfur oxides, but the relative contribution of various air pollutants, especially sulfur dioxide, total suspended particulates, and suspended sulfates, to observed disease frequencies is considered. Health indicators of long-term pollution effects employed in these studies included increased prevalence of chronic bronchitis in adults, increased acute lower respiratory infections in children, increased acute respiratory illness...
Page 13 - The accuracy with which the sampler measures the true average concentration depends upon the constancy of the airflow rate through the sampler. The airflow rate is affected by the concentration and the nature of the dust in the atmosphere. Under these conditions the error in the measured average concentration may be in excess of...
Page 11 - METHOD) 1. Principle and Applicability. 1.1 Nitrogen dioxide is collected by bubbling air through a sodium hydroxide solution to form a stable solution of sodium nitrite. The nitrite ion produced during sampling is determined colorimetrically by reacting the exposed absorbing reagent with phosphoric acid, sulfanilamide, and Nlnaphthylethylenedlamine dihydrochloride.