These notes the

gods, though it be with voluntary dis- | are to be found.
traction, is a true act of idolatry;
therefore, to pray to the Almighty with
voluntary distraction of mind, is a
truly religious act." pp. 70. Filliucius
says, that an evil intention in attend-
ing the mass, as for example, the
intention of gazing with a lascivious
eye on the females who may be pre-
sent, is not contrary to the command-
ment. Hence, he who goes with such
an intention, discharges the duty re-
quired, provided he be sufficiently at-
tentive." Escobar also observes, "An
evil intention, as for instance, that of
looking with carnal eyes on the women
who may be present, is not inconsis-
tent with the duty of attending the
mass." Busembaum asserts, that "if
any one assist at the mass out of
vain glory, or even for the purpose
of picking another man's pocket, he
may notwithstanding fulfil the duty,
though these acts be in themselves
criminal."-pp. 72.

translator has wisely retained.

From about two hundred quotations which Berthier has taken from the writings of nearly one hundred authors, many passages might be selected, which have a more serious aspect on the safety of civilized society, than those which have been exhibited in this review; particularly on the subject of oaths and profane swearing; on concupiscence; the secret of the constitution divulged; on criminal liberties, and the use of marriage; on criminal desires, and sensual pleasures of the imagination; on the vanity of women; on gluttony and drunkenness; and on the murder of kings. But for the opinions of the Jesuits on these inrportant topics, the reader is referred to the work itself;-a work replete with horrible information, calculated to set the abominations of this community in a detestable light, and to endear to every friend of Protestantism, the doctrines that were established in this country at the Reformation.

crisis, when attempts are making to diffuse the principles which the author exposes, throughout the British Empire. It is one of those works which is well worthy the serious attention of every sect and party in England, that wishes well to the doctrines of the gospel; and we most heartily recommend it to the perusal of all, who love their king, their country, and their God.-We shall conclude our remarks with the following quotation, from the translator's preface.

In a work entitled "The Image of the first age of the Society of Jesus," it is asserted, that "Crimes are now expiated with much more ardour and The treatise is of considerable imcheerfulness, than in former ages at-portance, especially in the present tended the commission of them; so that many wipe away their spots as promptly as they contract them." pp. 86. Molina confesses, that he "should not dare to condemn as guilty of any sin, a man who had killed another for striving to take from him any thing of the value of a crown, or less." Lamy says, that "a monk, or an ecclesiastic, is permitted to take away the life of a calumniator, who threatens to accuse him or his order, before the public, of some great crime, supposing he has no other means of preventing the publication; and no other means he appears to have, when the slanderer is about to assert his calumnies before persons of consideration, unless he be immediately dispatched." And Longuet declares, that "it is lawful to take away the life of another in defence of our honour, or for the purpose of repelling any thing that might wound our reputation." pp. 128-129.

"As an order, the Jesuits have derived their reputation and authority from the zeal with which they have stood forth in defence of the Roman church, against the attacks of the Reformers; and, proud of this distinetion, they have considered it their peculiar function to combat the opinions, and check the progress, of the Protestants, against whom they have used every art, and employed every sort of weapon. All gentle and tolerating

The few examples thus given, are only detached specimens of those doc-measures in favour of the latter, the trines, and principles, with which this work abounds. Berthier has carefully given in his notes, the original expressions of their respective authors; at the same time distinctly referring to the works and pages in which they

Jesuits have always strenuously opposed, and have incessantly stirred up against them all the rage of ecclesiastical and civil persecution. In short, they are responsible for the dreadfully pernicious effects of that corrupt and

957

On Coins.-Inscription on a Stone.-Query.

dangerous casuistry, which has disseminated tenets so extravagant concerning ecclesiastical power, and of that intolerant spirit, which, while it has disgraced the church of Rome, has brought so many calamities on society.

958

intercourse with France, and other parts of the continent. Such is their influence in Preston, that the Protestant booksellers are afraid to sell publicly, or expose for sale, any books against Popery; and yet there is a Popish bookseller in the town, whose windows and shop are crowded with all the poison of Popery."

ON COINS.

THE Coins, of which drawings were sent us several months since by J. Polperroc, we have been informed by a gentleman conversant with such articles, are modern Egyptian, about the year 1770 or 1780. If they have any value, it arises from their rarity, not from their antiquity.

THE two Coins, of which drawings were sent us by Philo-Theos of London, we have learnt from the same respectable authority, are a Rupee, and Half a Rupee, now in common circulation in the province of Delhi, in India.

INSCRIPTION ON A STONE.

THE inscription on the stone in the
front of Killigarth House, in the parish
breviations is as follows.-
of Talland, Cornwall, without any ab-

"This statement, corroborated by every authentic document which has been furnished by either Protestant or Roman Catholic writers, agrees with the encomium which his holiness the Pope bestowed on the Jesuits, when recently he was pleased to reestablish the order, and thereby to give new energies to its zeal. He styles them his "most valuable auxiliaries." And it appears from a work entitled "The History of the Jesuits," published soon after, that we need not cross the seas, or go back to former ages, for proof that this praise from the sovereign Pontiff, was a reward which the activity of the Jesuits had truly merited. The author of this work informs us, that " At Stoneyhurst, in Lancashire, the order of the Jesuits has, for thirty years past, possessed a spacious college, which is principally a college of Jesuits; is amply provided with all the material and morale of Jesuitism, and is carrying on the work of Catholic instruction, and Protestant conversion, on the most large and extensive scale. This college is supposed to contain five hundred or more individuals of various descriptions. The present number of pupils may be from two to three hun-"All dred, and the general average for the of God." last twenty-five years, cannot have fallen short of that number. The influence of the Jesuits in the adjacent country, is incredible. Before the establishment of this college, there were not half a dozen Papists about Stoneyhurst, but now the greater portion of the population in that part of the country are Papists, to the amount of many thousands! From this Jesuit's college, all the Roman Catholic chapels in that part of the kingdom (which are nearly as numerous as the Protestant churches) are filled with priests of the order of the Jesuits, though they are unwilling it should be known they are any other than ordinary Romish priests."

"There are several Jesuit priests stationed in Preston, who frequently travel from thence to Ireland: and since the last peace, they have great

Παντα (or ταυτα) εις δόξαν Θεο
Δωρεάν ελάβετε, δω
ρεὰν δοτε.

Dabit deus his quoque finem.
things (or, these things) are to the glory

"Freely ye have received, freely give."
God will bring these things also to an end.

The second sentence is a quotation
from the Greek New Testament; and
the third is from Virgil's Eneid, being
part of an address made by Æneas to
his fellow-wanderers, the Trojans. I
suppose the stone belongs, or must
have formerly belonged, to some build-
ing erected for a charitable purpose.
From the appearance of the letters,
their date can hardly be conceived to
be anterior to the Reformation, per-
haps not so ancient.
J. Č.

QUERY, BY A CONSTANT READER.

A, B, and C, travel between Rippon and Knaresbro'; A and B set out together on foot from Knaresbro', and C at the same time on horseback from Rippon. They travel uniformly, but

tion admits of a solution from the data given, we have omitted its insertion, until he reconsiders it.

QUERY BY H. PERKINS, OF LIVERPOOL,

each at a different speed. Now the | tained, whether G D.'s fourth quessum of the minutes in which A reaches Rippon after meeting C, B Kippon after meeting C, and C Knaresbro', after meeting A, is 1963; the minutes in which A and C jointly go the distance, multiplied by the minutes it takes B to go to Rippon after meeting C, give 2366; and the minutes in which B and C jointly go the distance, multiplied by the minutes in which A reaches Rippon after meeting C, give 4368. Required from hence, the time in which each goes the whole distance?

QUERY BY GEORGE DUNN, (R. N.)

Porchester, Sept. 28, 1820. HAVING heard several Algebraists say, that all questions in the Rule of Faise, could be more elegantly answered by Algebra, I was led to embrace the same opinion, till I fell in with the following question, which I can easily answer by double position. I shall be glad if any of your numerous readers will point out how it may be done by Algebra.

Quest. What distance must a ship sail S. S. W. from a port in lat. 52. N. before her latitude becomes equal to her difference of longitude?

QUESTIONS BY G. D. (R. N.) OF POR

CHESTER.

Quest. 1.-If A B C and D can do a piece of work in 20 days; and B CD and E can do the same in 22 days; CDE and A in 24 days; DEA and B in 26 days; E A B and C in 28 days,-How long would each man be in doing it singly? and how long would they be in doing it, were they all to work together?

Quest. 2.-There are three numbers, which, if the sum of the first and second is multiplied by the third, the product will be 45300; and, if the sum of the second and third is multiplied by the first, the product will be 31500; and, lastly, if the sum of the first and third is multiplied by the second, the product will be 38-400. What are the numbers?

GIVEN x2 + y3 + z3 =1728=m. xy= p. x2+ y2 — z2 = b and m y3— y3 — p3 \* py- by' |3 to find x, y, and z.

One of our Mathematical Correspondents, whose name we have forgotten, and whose communications we havE mislaid, proposes a question to the following purport:

WE read in Plutarch's "Lives of the Heathen Gods," that Jupiter kicked Vulcan out of heaven; that he was a whole summer's day in falling; and that he fell in the Island of Lemnos, and broke his leg.-Now, it is required to find how far Jupiter's heaven is from our earth, viz. from Lemnos, and how far from Portsmouth church; allowing Vulcan to have fallen with the same velocity as heavy bodies do?

Solution to Supersedeas' Question (in

serted in col. 481) by Amicus. LET a 38° 29′, b = 36° 32', the colatitudes of the places, C= 2o 22, their difference of longitude, and ethe distance between them on the arc of a great circle; then, it is shown by the writers on trigonometry that,

Cos.c cos. a cos. b + sin. a. sin. b. cos. C, that is, in the present question. Cos.c.627621+.371577999198 the cosine of 2° 17'3; wherefore, as 180°: 314159265 × 3979:: 2173 15934148 miles, the distance between Manchester and London, on the arc of a great circle.

Again, putr 3979 miles = 7003040 yards the earth's radius, d= 2 yards, the diameter of wheel, and the perpendicular distance of the nail from the summit of the wheel; then, the segment of the arc of the epicycloid, or curve described by the nail in its revolution, during the time of its perpendicular ascent or descent through 2, will (Emerson's Miscellanies, page 479) be expressed by2r+d Xvda; but

Quest. 3.-Find two numbers, such, that the square of the greater minus, the square of the less may be 1881; and the square of the less plus one when the wheel has made a semi-revothird, their product may be 324? lution, then x=d, and the preceding Some doubts having been enter-expression gives 4·00000057 yards; the

961 On Accent, &c.-Anecdote.-Queries on Mildew in Wheat. 962

space passed through by the nail during the time of a semi-revolution of the wheel; therefore, as 3.14159265: 4:00000057: 159:34148 miles: 202-8799 miles, the distance required.

On Accent, and the Doubling of
Consonants.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE IMPERIAL
MAGAZINE.

SIR, Custom has, more or less, made
two exceptions from the following
rule: "Words accented on the last
syllable, ending in a single consonant,
preceded by a single vowel, double the
final consonant before an additional
syllable." If the final consonant were
not to be repeated, the penultimate
would suffer a change in sound: thus,
prefer, prefe-ring: but when the ac-
cent is not on the last syllable, the
penultimate retains its sound; thus,
pilfer, pilfer-ing. If the word, having
in its simple form the accent on the
last syllable, throws back the accent,
on the addition of one or more syl-
lables, the final consonant is not dou-
bled; thus, prefer', pre fer-ence, prefer-
able. Why words ending in a single l,
preceded by a single vowel, should
double the l, on taking an additional |
syllable, as travel, travel-ling; while
words ending in a single 1, preceded
by a diphthong, do not double the 7,
as travail, travail-ing, I know not.

In his Dictionary, Johnson has parallel-ism from parallel. Why not parallel-lism, as well as travel-ling? Hence some writers have, unparallelled. Again, Johnson has parallelogram. Why not parallel-logram, as well as compelling?

P and t seem anxious for equality with 1, in deviation from rule; thus, worship, worship-ping, profit, profitting, buffet, buffet-ting, &c.

I shall be much obliged to any of your correspondents that will shew, why we ought not to write, travel-ing as well as travail-ing, parallel-logram as well as compel-ling, worship-ed, rivet-ed, as well as covet-ed. Aberdeen, 9th Feb. 1820.

Z.

THE UNKNOWN BENEFACTOR.-AN

ANECDOTE.

At the time the Duke of Marlborough was appointed to the chief command

of the British forces on the Continent, a clergyman, of the name of Stewart, was chaplain to a regiment in his army.

Shortly after one of those victorious battles, in which the British arms shone with such resplendent lustre under his Grace, a General, high in command, invited Mr. Stewart to dine with the Duke, Prince Eugene, and himself. Mr. Stewart declined the invitation, imagining the general was not sincere. Being, however, informed that he was really in earnest, and that it might prove advantageous to him, he complied with the request. He was much gratified at the attention paid to him by all present during dinner. After it was over, the same person requested him to take a walk. Some little altercation having passed, the General turned round, and addressing him in a very familiar tone, said, "Sir, do you know me?" Mr. S. answering in the negative, he replied, "Look again." Mr. Stewart now surveyed him from head to foot with eager curiosity, but still remained ignorant of him, in the sense he meant. "You know me not, then, (said the General,) and yet I was one of those little boys that often received of the bounty dispensed at the castle of Ballintoy (the residence of Mr. Stewart's father); and the old shoes which you then gave me to cover my sore feet shall not now be forgotten. Call on me to-morrow, and whatever is in my power shall be done for you; but as to any inquiry farther concerning me, it shall be for ever fruitless.' Mr. Stewart waited on him, according to appointment; and through his agency he was afterwards made Rector of the parish of his nativity, and received a pension of £700 a year.

This anecdote Mr. Stewart often related with great pleasure, but never came to a knowledge of his benefactor.

QUERIES ON MILDEW IN WHEAT, BY S. 1. Ir the mildew on standing corn is a minute parasitic fungus, (as Sir J. Banks thought it was,) in what does that fungus originate?

2. Why is it more predominant in the spring than in the autumnal wheat?

3. Has any kind of manure the property of destroying or increasing the mildew?