1689

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there were, Yeas 109, Noes 151, so it passed in the negative, but it was ordered that the second reading and the hearing of counsel thereupon should be adjourned till the 23rd. The bill was read a second time on the 24th, and afterwards the counsel for the city of Oxford were heard against the bill, and the counsel for the University of Oxford in answer. Both sides being withdrawn the bill was committed.(1) The Parliament was prorogued on the 27th of January, and before the day of re-assembling was dissolved.

On the 16th of December, the royal assent was given to an act for a grant to their Majesties of an aid of 28. in the pound for one year. The Commissioners appointed to raise this aid in the University and Town were the Vicechancellor and Mayor for the time being, Sir Thomas Chichely Knt., Sir John Cotton Bart,, Sir Robert Sawyer Knt., the Hon. John Montague D.D., Joseph Beaumont, George Chamberlain, John Covell, Thomas Smolt, Thomas Bainbridge Doctors of Divinity, George Oxenden, William Cooke, Charles Roderick Doctors of the Civil Law, Isaac Newton, Andrew Pern Esquires, Samuel Newton, Thomas Story, Isaac Watlington, John(2) Ewen, Thomas Fowles, Thomas Fox Aldermen, and Robert Drake Gent. The sites and estates of the Colleges and Halls, and the stipends of the Masters, fellows, scholars and officers thereof, and of the Readers, officers, and ministers of the University, were exempted from charge.(3)

On the 20th of January, Sir Robert Sawyer, one of the Members of Parliament for the University, was, by 131 against 71, expelled the House of Commons for having been concerned in the prosecution of Sir Thomas Armstrong. On the 23rd, a new writ was

ordered.(4)

1690.

This year, died Dr. John Peachell, Master of Magdalene College, He is said to have starved himself to death. Archbishop Sancroft having rebuked him for setting an ill example in the University by drunkenness and other loose conduct, he did penance by four days abstinence, after which he would have eaten but could not.(5)

On the 23rd of April, the royal assent was given to an act by

1) Commons' Journals, x. 300, 301, 308, 332, 333, 336, 337, 343.
(2) Thomas?

(3) Stat. 1 Gul. & Mar. sess. 2, c. I.

(4) Commons' Journals, x. 337, 340; Cobbett's Parliamentary Hist. of England, v. 516–527. The Parliament was soon afterwards dissolved. Sir Robert Sawyer was elected one of the members for the University in the next Parliament, during which he died.

(5) Memoirs of Pepys, v. 69 n.

which the County of Cambridge, exclusive of the Isle of Ely, was charged in an aid with the monthly sum of £2040. The Commissioners for the University and Town were the Vicechancellor and Mayor for the time being, Hon. John Montague D.D., Sir Thomas Chichely Knt., Sir John Cotton Bart., Sir Robert Sawyer Knt., Hon. Edward Finch, Granado Pigott Esq., George Chamberlaine, Joseph Beaumont, Humphrey Gower, Thomas Smolt, John Balderston, John Covel, Thomas Bainbridge Doctors of Divinity, Charles Rodericke, George Oxenden, William Cooke Doctors of Civil Law, Samuel Newton, Thomas Story, John(1) Ewen, Thomas Fowles, Isaac Watlington, John Pepis, Thomas Fox, John Fage Aldermen, William Baron, Robert Drake Gentlemen, James Johnson, Isaac Newton, Samuel Perne Esquires. The sites of the Colleges and Halls, and the stipends of the Masters, fellows, and scholars, and of the Readers, officers, and ministers of the University were exempted from charge.(2),

About this time,(3) David Loggan, a native of Dantzic, published a collection of views of the Colleges and public buildings, with two views of the Town, a map of Cambridge, a plate of the costumes of the University, and a view of Eton College. The title is "Canta"brigia Illustrata, sive Omnium Celeberrimæ istius Universitatis "Collegiorum Aularum Bibliothecæ Academicæ Scholarum Publica"rum Sacelli Coll. Regalis, nec non Totius Oppidi Ichnographia. "Delineatore & Sculptore Dav. Loggan Utriusque Academiæ Cal"cographo."

At this time was living(4) Thomas Mace who is said to have been a native of Cambridge,(5) and was the author of a book published in 1676, with this title: "Musick's Monument; or a Remembrancer of "the Best Practical Musick, Both Divine, and Civil, that has ever "been known, to have been in the World. Divided into Three "Parts. The first Part, shews a Necessity of Singing Psalms, Well “in Parochial Churches, or not to sing at all; Directing, how They "may be well. Sung, Certainly; by Two several Ways, or Means; "with an Assurance of a Perpetual National-quire; and also shew

(1) Thomas?

(2) Stat. 2 Gul. & Mar. sess. 2, c. 1.

(3) Loggan's prints were probably published at various times before they were collected. Thus the views of King's College are dedicated to three succeeding Provosts, Sir Thomas Page, Dr. Copleston, and Dr. Roderick. One of the views of St. John's College is dedicated to Bishop Gunning, who died in 1684.

(4) See in Burney's Hist. of Music, (iii. 482,) an advertisement from whence it appears Mace, who was 77 years old, was in 1690, in London, "in Devereux-court, next the Grecian coffee-house at the Temple back-gate," for the purpose of selling musical instruments and books, and assisting those desirous of partaking of his experimental skill. Old and deaf as he was he taught the theorbo the French lute and the viol, as also composition and "the knack of procuring invention to young composers."

(5) MS. Baker, xxxiv, 363.

"ing, How Cathedral Musick, may be much Improved and Refined. "The Second Part, Treats of the Noble Lute, (the Best of Instru "ments) now made Easie; and all its Occult-Lock'd-up-Secrets Plainly laid Open, never before Discovered; whereby It is now "become so Familiarly Easie, as Any Instrument of Worth, known "in the World; Giving the True Reasons of its Former Difficulties; "and Proving its present Facility, by Undeniable Arguments; Direct"ing the most Ample Way, for the use of the Theorboe, from off "the Note, in Consort, &c. Shewing a General Way of Procuring "Invention and Playing Voluntarily, upon the Lute, Viol, or any "other Instrument; with Two Pritty Devices; the One, shewing "how to Translate Lessons, from one Tuning, or Instrument, to "Another; The other, an Indubitable Way, to know the Best Tuning, $6 upon any Instrument. Both done by Example. In the Third Part, "The Generous Viol, in its Rightest Use, is Treated upon; with "some Curious Observations, never before Handled, concerning It, "and Musick in General. By Tho. Mace, one of the Clerks of Trinity Colledge, in the University of Cambridge."(1)

46

I have not discovered when Mr. Mace, who was perhaps in holy orders, (2) was appointed a clerk or singing man of Trinity College. It appears from his book that he was born in or about 1613, that he married in or about 1636, was in York during the siege of that city in 1644, taught music in the University, and initiated Sir Robert Bolles in that art, had broken both his arms and was deaf, and that he had several children, of whom the youngest named John attained great proficiency on the lute, principally by reading his father's book. Mr. Mace invented an instrument called the dyphone or double lute,(3) but his fame principally rests upon his book,(4) which is known to

(1) "London, Printed by T. Ratcliffe, and N. Thompson, for the Author, and are to be "Sold by Himself, at his House in Cambridge, and by John Carr, at His Shop at the Middle"Temple Gate in Fleetstreet, 1676." 4to.

(2) On the 16th of August, 1667, Thomas Mace was elected one of the bailiffs of the Town, but was discharged from that office on account of his being in priest's orders on September 24th.-Corporation Common Day Book.

(3) There is an engraving of the dyphone in Musick's Monument (p. 32), with these verses around it :

"The Lute Dyphone

"Or Two Lutes in One.

"The English & the French Lute Joy-ned are

"Both which have made a Lute beyond Compare."

(4) The subjoined extracts from this work will give a good idea of the author's style. The first of these extracts relates to a lesson for the lute, to which he gave the name of "the Author's Mistress :"

"It is (This very Winter) just 40 Years since I made It; (and yet It is New, because All "like It) and Then, when I was past being a Suitor to my Best Beloved, Dearest, and "Sweetest Living-Mistress; But not Married; yet Contriving the Best, and Readiest way "towards It: And Thus It was,

"That very Night, in which I was Thus Agitated in my Mind, concerning Her, (My Living "Mistress ;) She being in Yorkshire and Myself at Cambridge,) Close shut up in My "Chamber, Still, and Quiet, about 10 or 11 a Clock at Night, Musing, and Writing Letters "to Her; Her Mother, and some other Friends, in Summing up, and Determining the

1690

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all who are curious in the history of music, and which from its quaint language and gossiping character is not without interest to the general reader. Mr. Mace's portrait, engraved by Faithorne from a painting by Henry Cooke, is prefixed to "Musick's Monument." On the 23rd of March, Queen Mary addressed a letter to the Vice-Chancellor and Senate, requiring that all persons admitted to Degrees under Letters Mandatory should pay fees, subscribe in the

"whole Matter, concerning our Marriage: (You may conceive, I might have very Intent "Thoughts, all that Time, and might meet with some Difficulties. (For as yet I had not gain'd Her Mothers Consent.) So that in My Writings, I was sometimes put to My "Studyings. At which times, (My Lute lying upon My Table,) I sometimes took It up, and "Walk'd about My Chamber; Letting my Fancy Drive, which way It would, (for I studied "nothing, at that Time, as to Musick) yet my Secret Genius, or Fancy prompted my Fingers, "(do what I could) into This very Humour; So that every Time I walk'd, and took up My "Lute, (in the Interim, betwixt Writing, and Studying) This Ayre would needs offer It self "unto me, Continually; In so much that at the last, (liking it Well, and lest It should be "Lost,) I took Paper, and set It down, taking no further Notice of It, at That Time; But "afterwards, It pass'd abroad, for a very Pleasant, and Delightful Ayre, amongst All; yet "I gave It no Name, till a long Time after; nor taking more notice of It, (in any particular "kind) than of any other My Composures, of That Nature.

"But after I was Married, and had brought My Wife Home, to Cambridge; It so fell out, "that one Rainy morning I stay'd within; and in My Chamber, My Wife, and I, were all "alone; She Intent upon Her Needle-Works, and I Playing upon my Lute, at the Table by "Her; She sat very Still, and Quiet, Listning to All I Play'd, without a Word a Long Time, "till at last, I hapned to Play This Lesson; which, so soon as I had once Play'd, She "Earnestly desired Me to Play It again; For, said She, That shall be Called, My Lesson. "From which Words, so spoken, with Emphasis, and Accent, It presently came into my "Remembrance, the Time when, and the Occasion of Its being produced, and returned Her "This Answer, viz. That It may very properly be called Your Lesson; For when I compos'd It, You were wholly in my Fancy, and the Chief Object, and Ruler of my Thoughts; "telling Her how, and when It was made: And therefore, ever after, I Thus Call'd It, My "Mistress; (And most of my Scholars since, call It, Mrs. Mace, to This Day.)"

"I have known a Reverend Dean of a Quire (a very notable, smart-spirited Gentleman) "Egregiously Baffled by one of the present Clarks; who to my knowledge was more Igno"rant in the Art of Song, then a Boy might be thought to be, who had Learn'd to Sing but only One month: yet could make a shift to Sing most of the Common Services and "Anthems, by long use and habit, (with the Rest) pritty well, (as Birds in Cages use to "whistle their Old Notes.)

"Yet I say, This Dean being known by This Bold-Confident-Dunce-Clark (who you must "know took himself to be a kind of Pot-Wit) to have no Skill at all in the Art of Musick; "The Dean, I say, upon a Time (after Prayers) coming out and following This Great-Jolly"Boon-Fellow, and as he was pulling off his Surplice, began to Rebuke him sharply, (and "indeed very justly) for a Gross Absurdity committed by Him in That very Service Time, "by reason of his Great-Dunstical-Insufficiency in Singing of an Anthem alone; in which "he was so Notoriously and Ridiculously Out, as caused All, or most of the Young People "then present, to burst out into Laughter, to the Great Blemish of the Church-Service, and "the Dishonour of God, (at That Time, and in That Place.)

"But Thus it fell out, (in short) viz. that after the Angry Dean had Ruffled him soundly "in very smart Language, so that he thought he had given him Shame enough for his Insufficiency and Duncery;

"How think ye This Blade came off?

"Why, most Notably, and in such a manner as made all the standers by Wonder and "Admire Him; venting himself in These very Words, (for I my self was both an Eye and "Ear witness) with a most stern Angry Countenance, and a vehement Rattling Voice, even so as he made the Church Ring withall, saying, Sir-r-r-r (shaking his head) I'd ha' you ** know I Sing after the Rate of so much a year, (naming his Wages) and except ye Mend my Wages, I am resolv'd Never to sing Better whilst I live.

64

"Hark ye Here, Gentlemen! was there ever a more Nicking piece of shrewd Wit, so suddeniy shew'd upon the Occasion, than This was? Yea, or more Notable and Effectual to "the Purpose? as you shall hear, by the Sequel.

"For the Cholerick Dean was so fully and sufficiently Answer'd, that turning immediately away from him, without one word more, He Hasted out of the Church, but Never after ** found the least Fault with This Jolly Brave Clark; who was Hugg'd more then sufficiently "by all the Rest of the Puny-Poor-Fellow Clarks, for This his Heroick Vindication and Wit.

"I have here set down This Story out of no Jocundity, or Jolly-Light-Humour, (God "knows) but only to shew what Confidence many such Ignorant Clarks have grown up unto, "meerly as it were to shroud themselves in their Insufficiency; and seemingly likewise to "Justifie the same, only for want of Better or more sufficient Allowances."

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common form and words and perform (or give sufficient caution for the performance of) all statutable acts and exercises.(1)

1691.

About this time, Dr. Symon Patrick Bishop of Ely established Lectureships in St. Botolph's and St. Clement's, "allowing to each "of them thirty pounds a year, for an afternoon Sermon every "Sunday."(2)

By an Act which received the royal assent on the 24th of December, the county of Cambridge, (exclusive of the Isle of Ely) was charged in an aid to the Crown with the monthly sum of £2040. The Commissioners for the Town and University were the Vicechancellor and Mayor for the time being, and the same persons who were named in the Act of 1690(3) with the additition of Tanfield Leman Esq. The sites of the Colleges and Halls, and the stipends of the Masters fellows and scholars, and of the readers officers and ministers of the Universities were exempted from charge.(4)

On the 20th of January, the House of Lords passed and sent to the House of Commons. "An Act for confirming the Charters "of the University of Cambridge, and the Colleges and Halls there"in."(5) It was read in the Commons the first time on the 26th, and on the 9th of February was read a second time and committed. On the 13th, the Committee reported the bill without any amendments.(6) On the 19th was presented a petition from Mrs. Hammond against the bill. On the 22nd, the House heard counsel against and for the bill which was read a third time. After rejecting one amendment and agreeing to others, the question being put that the bill do pass, it was rejected by 119 against 69. The votes of the 19th and 22nd of February are subjoined ::

DIE VENERIS, 190. FEBRUARII;

40. GULIELMI ET MARIÆ.

A PETITION of Anne Hamond, Relict of Anthony Hamond, of Somersham in the County of Huntington, Esquire, was read; setting forth, That whereas there is a Bill depending before this House: intituled, An Act for confirming

(1) MS. Baker, xxx. 344.

(2) Bayle, General Dictionary, ed. Bernard, Birch, & Lockman, viii. 197; Bp. Patrick's Autobiography, 163, 220.

(3) Vide ante, p. 13.

(4) Stat. 3 Gul. & Mar. c. 5.

(5) This bill was read a first time in the House of Lords, on the 21st of December, 1691. It was read a second time on the 9th of January 1691-2, and on the 13th committed to a Committee of the whole House, and then to a special Committee, who on the 16th reported the bill with amendments, which being agreed to, the bill was ordered to be engrossed. On the 20th it was read a third time, and upon the question passed.-Lords' Journals, xiv. 696; xv. 22, 28, 33, 39.

(6) Commons' Journals, x. 634, 642, 657, 664.