the like offences may be committed within the university of Cambridge, and the precincts thereof, by persons selling wine by retail, not being duly licensed by the said university: AND WHEREAS the acts of parliament relating to wine licences do not extend to the said universities; BE IT ENACTED by the authority aforesaid, That from and after the twenty fourth day of June, one thousand seven hundred and forty four, no person or persons shall sell wine by retail, within either of the said universities, or the precincts of either of them, unless such person or persons shall be duly licensed or authorized so to do, by the chancellor or vice chancellor of the said university of Oxford, and by the chancellor, masters and scholars of the said university of Cambridge(1) respectively, upon pain of forfeiting for every offence the sum of five pounds; one moiety thereof to the use of his Majesty, his heirs and successors; and the other moiety to the informer; and that all persons offending against this act, shall and may be prosecuted and proceeded against for the said forfeitures, in the courts of the chancellors or vice chancellors of the said universities respectively, in a summary way, by summoning the party accused to appear in the said courts respectively; and on appearance, or contempt of the party accused, by not appearing, being duly summoned, and oath thereof made, such courts may examine the matter, and upon confession of the party accused, or on the oath of one credible witness, of such party's having offended against this act, such courts respectively shall and may give sentence against such party, and issue their warrant or warrants for levying the said forfeitures, by distress and sale of the goods of the party offending, rendering the overplus, if any, to the party on whom such distress shall be made; and for want of such distress, shall and may commit such offender or offenders to the house of correction, there to remain without bail or mainprize, for the space of one month; and such sentence or sentences shall be, and are hereby declared to be taken and adjudged to be good, valid and effectual in the law; and that no writ of Certiorari, or other process shall issue or be issuable to remove any such sentence from the said courts of the said chancellors or vice chancellors, respectively, or to remove any order or other proceedings made or taken by the said courts respectively, upon, touching or concerning any such (1) The following grace was passed Feb. 1, 1744-45: "CUM plurima evenire possint academiæ incommoda si ii quibus vinum vendendi licentia "(uti vocatur) fuerit concessa per ministros suos aut deputatos œnopolæ officium exequi "vel aliis mercede pacta delegare permittantur "PLACEAT VOBIS ut quilibet cui in posterum hujusmodi licentia a vobis concedatur "œnopolæ munus in propria sua persona exequi et in taberna sua vinaria continuo habitare "teneatur et si quis hoc decretum in aliquo violaverit et hujusmod violationis coram pro"cancellario legitime convictus fuerit licentia illi prius a vobis concessa ipso facto irrita sit "et pro nulla habeatur et ut alius in locum delinquentis infra quatuordecim dies a tempore "convictionis hujusmodi continue numerandos eligatur. "PLACEAT ETIAM ut quilibet qui in posterum ad officium onopolæ eligetur statim post "electionem ipsius in plena congregatione regentium et non-regentium chirographo in mille "libris sterlingorum academiæ persolvendis ad hujusce decreti observationem obligetur: "alioquin electio ipsa virtute hujus ordinationibus cassa sit atque irrita. "PLACEAT PORRO ut literarum vestrarum patentium œnopolis in posterum concedendarum "tenor sit istiusmodi "A.B. summus academiæ Cantabrigiensis cancellarius magistri et scholares ejusdem " omnibus Christi fidelibus præsentes has literas inspecturis visuris vel audituris salutem in "Domino sempiternam. Sciatis quod nos præfati cancellarius magistri et scholares dictæ "universitatis ordinavimus et assignavimus et per præsentes ordinamus et assignamus "dilectum nobis in Christo N.B. unum ex quatuor venditoribus vini sive tabernariis nostris "dantes et concedentes eidem N.B. facultatem et licentiam ad beneplacitum nostrum tan"tummodo duraturam tabernam exercendi ac vendendi et retaliendi vina cujuscunque "generis infra villam Cantabrigiæ prædictæ ac suburbia et præcinctus ejusdem rationali"bus tamen pretiis per nos de tempore in tempus assignandis et limitandis et quamdiu "tantum prædictus N.B. tabernarií munus in propria sua persona executus fuerit et in "taberna sua vinaria habitaverit. "In cujus rei testimonium, &c."-Stat. Acad. Cantab p. 421. 1744 45 sentence, into any of his Majesty's courts of record at Westminster, until the party or parties against whom such sentence shall be given, before the allowance of such writ of Certiorari, or other process, shall find two sufficient sureties, to become bound to the prosecutor or prosecutors of such offenders, in the sum of fifty pounds, with condition to prosecute the same with effect, within twelve months, and to pay unto the prosecutor or prosecutors his or their full costs and charges of the removal of such sentence, and the proceedings thereon, in case such sentence shall be affirmed; any law, statute, provision or usage to the contrary notwithstanding.(1) In September this year, was published here the first number of a weekly newspaper entitled "The Cambridge Journal and Weekly Flying Post."(2) On the 3rd of January, was buried at Little St. Mary's, Valentine Ritz, a German, who had lived at Cambridge above fifty years, and was a painter of some excellency.(3) 1745. In an Act relative to the qualification of Justices of the Peace, which received the royal assent on the 2d of May, is the following proviso: PROVIDED ALWAYS, That this act, or any thing herein contained, shall not extend, or be construed to extend, to any of the heads of colleges or halls in either of the two universities of Oxford and Cambridge, or to the vice chancellor of either of the said universities, or to the mayor of the city of Oxford, or of the town of Cambridge, but that they may be and act as justices of the peace of and in the several counties of Oxford, Berks, and Cambridge, and the cities and towns within the same, and execute the office thereof as fully and freely in all respects as heretofore they have lawfully used to execute the same, as if this act had never been made; any thing herein before contained to the contrary notwithstanding.(4) On the 2nd of May,(5) the royal assent was given to an act to repair and widen the road leading from Godmanchester through Fenstanton and Cambridge to the First Rubbing House on Newmarket Heath.(6) The Chancellor masters and scholars and Mayor bailiffs and burgesses had petitioned in favour of this act.(7) In the petition of the latter it is stated that by this road the counties of Norfolk, Suffolk and Essex communicated with the northern counties, (1) Stat. 17 Geo. II. c. 40, s. 11. (2) The earliest number of this paper I have been able to meet with is No. 157, Saturday, Sept. 19, 1747. "Cambridge, Printed by R. Walker and T. James next the Theatre Coffee House." (3) MS. Cole, xii. 126. (4) Stat. 18 Geo. II. c. 20, s. 15. (5) An unsuccessful attempt to procure an Act for repairing the road from Godmanchester to Cambridge was made in 1740-1.-Commons' Journals, xxiii. 593. and received a great supply of wool for carrying on their manufactures, and that many hundred waggons passed this road to Sturbridge fair annually in the month of September. On the 23rd of July, the Corporation made an order" that for the future no Alderman shall hereafter be chosen Town Clerk."(1) On the 15th of August, the common seal of the town was affixed to the following remonstrance against the rebuilding of Denver sluice: To his Grace the Duke of Bedford, the Bailiffs and Commonalty of the Corporation of the Great Level of the Fens called Bedford Level. THE REMONSTRANCE of the Mayor Bailiffs and Burgesses of the town of Cambridge in behalf of themselves and all others concerned in the navigation to and from the port of King's Lynn, in the county of Norfolk. Sheweth, THAT WHEREAS this and the neighbouring counties of Essex, Hertford, Suffolk, and several others, are supplied from the said port with many necessaries of foreign produce, making returns in their own natural productions of corn and grain whereby they amply contribute to the general trade of the nation, many thousands of poor are constantly employed, his Majesty's revenue advanced, with sundry other obvious advantages accruing from the consideration of trading communities, and this by enjoying a free open and uninterrupted communication with the said port of King's Lynn: AND WHEREAS your remonstrants having been informed of a scheme set on foot by mistaken or ill designing persons for repairing and rebuilding of Denver sluice, which former experiences have proved to be pernicious and destructive of the general navigation to the said port, not only from this county but also from those of Northampton, Bedford, Huntingdon, Suffolk, &c. trading to King's Lynn: YOUR remonstrants therefore hope and intreat the honourable Corporation that you will not any more cause the said river to be sluiced or dammed, or any alteration therein to be undertaken, however not without publishing your proposals for the same that all due time may be had to represent particularly the unhappy consequences the said navigation will sustain thereby. AND your remonstrants will ever acknowledge the justice and wisdom of your Grace and the honourable Corporation. GIVEN under our common seal at the Guildhall of the said town this 15th day of August, 1745.(2) At Kensington on the 20th of September, "the Rev. Mr. Prescot, "Master of Catharine Hall, and his Grace the Duke of Newcastle, High Steward of the University of Cambridge, attended by several "Heads of Houses, Doctors in the several Faculties, Masters of Arts, (1) Corporation Common Day Book. (2) Corporation Coucher. On the 29th of May, 1747, the Corporation of Cambridge resolved to subscribe twenty guineas in conjunction with the Corporation of Lynn and others, in order to obtain an injunction to put a stop to the works of Denver sluice then carrying on. (Corporation Common Day Book.) Opposition, however, appears to have been ineffectual, the sluice being rebuilt in or about 1748, from a plan of Mons. Labelye the famous architect of Westminster bridge. (Wells, Hist. of Bedford Level, i. 746, 747) "and other members of that learned Body, waited on his Majesty in "their Formalities, with the following Address: TO THE KING'S MOST EXCELLENT MAJESTY. THE HUMBLE ADDRESS of the Chancellor, Masters, and Scolars of the University of Cambridge. Most Gracious Sovereign, WE your Majesty's most dutiful and loyal Subjects, the Chancellor, Masters, and Scholars of your University of Cambridge, humbly beg Leave to express our unfeigned Joy upon your Majesty's safe return to your British Dominions. THE unnatural Rebellion lately broke out in Favour of a Popish Abjur'd Pretender, encouraged and Supported (as there is the greatest Reason to apprehend) by a Foreign Power, is an attempt, which we cannot but look upon with the utmost Abhorrence; and we desire most faithfully to assure your Sacred Majesty, that we will constantly endeavour, by all the Means in our Power, to defeat the wicked and traiterous Designs of those, who aim at the Subversion of your Majesty's Government, and consequently of our Laws, our Liberties and our Religion. As we are truly sensible these invaluable Blessings can only be preserved to the Kingdoms by the Protestant Succession in your Royal House, we esteem it our indispensable duty to instil principles of Loyalty and Obedience to your Majesty into all those who are committed to our care, and to form them to an early Attachment to our present happy Constitution in Church and State. MAY your Majesty's Counsels and Arms prevail to the secure Establishment of the Liberties of Europe; may you Triumph over your Enemies at home and abroad; and may you long continue to reign over a free and happy People. "To which Address his Majesty was pleased to return this most "gracious Answer:— I Thank you for this loyal and affectionate Address: The Abhorrence you express, for the Attempts to overturn our excellent Constitution in Church and State, is not only very agreable to me, but must greatly tend to confirm my People in Principles of Duty and Affection to my Government.(1) On the 24th of September, the Corporation voted the following address to the King, to whom it was presented by Lord Montfort High Steward of the Town: TO THE KING'S MOST EXCELLENT MAJESTY. THE HUMBLE ADDRESS of the Mayor, Bailiffs, and Burgesses of the We your Majesty's most loyal and obedient Subjects of this Corporation do most humbly beg leave to express our Joy for your Majesty's safe Arrival in your British Dominions after the great Fatigue and Hazard to which your Majesty hath, as a Common Father of your People, and for the welfare and good of mankind, exposed your Sacred Person. We beg likewise to congratulate your Majesty on the success of your Arms in America in the Reduction of Cape Breton, which cannot be but of the greatest consequence to the Trade and Commerce of this Nation: And at the same time to declare our utmost Abhorrence and Detestation of the daring (1) London Gazette 17 to 21 Sept. 1745; Gentleman's Magazine, xv. 481. and insolent attempts made by some of your disobedient and rebellious Subjects in North Britain, encouraged, by the Grand disturber of Europe, in Favour of an abjured and popish Pretender to your Majesty's Crown and Kingdoms. And we do sincerely and unanimously assure your Majesty, that we will at this critical Juncture, and at all Times, and upon all Occasions, exert the utmost of our Abilities, and contribute whatever lies in our Power, for the Preservation of your sacred Person and Government in Opposition to all Invaders. GIVEN under our Common Seal the Twenty fourth day of September in the year of our Lord One thousand seven hundred and forty-five.(1) The subjoined address from the Lord Lieutenant, Deputy Lieutenants and Justices of the Peace for the county was agreed to on the 4th of October. It was drawn up by Soame Jenyns Esq. and Dr. Conyers Middleton :— TO THE KING'S MOST EXCELLENT MAJESTY. WE your Majesties most dutifull & loyal subjects ye Lord Lieutenant, Deputy Lieutenants & Justices of ye Peace for ye County of Cambridge moved by a sense of our Duty as Englishmen, & of our Religion as Protestants, beg leave in this time of public danger to assure your Majesty of our unfeigned Zeal for your sacred Person & Government, and being truly sensible of ye Blessings we enjoy under your mild & just administration, cannot but look with ye utmost abhorrence on ye attempts now made by a Popish Pretender supported by ye perpetual enemies of these Kingdoms to overturn our happy constitution in Church & State. WE are determined therefore to take the most effectual measures in our power towards defeating these traiterous & wicked designs, & defending your Majesty & your Royal family, as ye only means under God that can secure to us & our posterity ye invaluable benefits by which we are so happily distinguished from all other nations. DATED at Cambridge the 4th day of October, 1745. The following engagement was drawn up and signed on the 22nd of November :(3)— WHEREAS by ye encouragement & assistance of our inveterate enemies a part of his Majesties Subjects have most traiterously levied war against him, (1) London Gazette, 28 Sept. to 1 Oct. 1745. (2) MS. Cole, vii. 89. (3) FRYDAY, OCT. 11, 1745, being the General Quarter Sessions for the County, Mr. "Jenyns read to us a Letter which he then received from my Lord Lincoln, signifying that "his Majesty was well pleased with our Address, & to let us know that he thought it proper "for us to enter into no association or subscription till he had acquainted the Duke of "Somerset with it, & that my Lord Chancellor & Lord Montford were of that opinion also, |