Haverill and Colchester-Carrier,

Comes every Friday with a Cart to the Castle in St. Andrew's Parish; and returns on Saturday Morning.

Kettering-Carrier,

Comes with a Horse to the Black-Bear in Shoemaker-Row every Tuesday and returns on Wednesday by St. Neots.

Leicester-Carrier,

Comes with a Waggon every Thursday Morning to the Red-Lion in the Petty-Cury; and returns the same Day.

Birmingham and Coventry-Waggons,

Inn at the Pickerell, at the foot of the Great Bridge once a Fortnight. John Scott from Ely, comes every Tuesday Morning at Six o'clock, sets up at the Black Swan near the Great Bridge; and returns to Ely the same Day at Eleven o'clock.

A Man from Linton comes every Saturday to the Brazen-George in St. Andrew's Parish with a Cart.

A Cart comes every Saturday to the Half-Moon opposite Pembroke-Hall, from Royston.

A Newsman sets out from Thurlbourn's and Woodyer's every Saturday Morning for Chesterford, Walden, Newport, Quendon, and Hockerill; and returns by Hadham, Ware, Widford, &c. &c.

Lynn Passage-Boats,

Go down from hence every Tuesday Morning and return on Sunday.

Groom's Boats from Ely,

Come in every Tuesday and Friday Afternoon to the White-Bull in Bridgestreet, and return on Wednesday and Saturday.

Smith's Boats from Ely,

Come from and return to Ely on the same Day as above.

Wisbech Boats,

Come in every Sunday, and return on the Monday following.

Downham Boats,

Go out from the Great-Bridge every Saturday at Noon; and return every Tuesday.

The Publishers of both the Cambridge Papers, have Newsmen who go into all the adjacent Counties, and take in Parcels at the Printing-Offices.(1)

On the 29th of December, the following grace of the Senate was passed :

WHEREAS several persons have lately re-entered their names in divers colleges and will thereby be entitled to vote in the senate to the disadvantage of those members of the university whose names have continued in college from the time of taking their degrees

MAY IT PLEASE YOU that no bachelor of divinity or master of arts hereafter admitted be allowed to vote without having produced before the vice-chancellor a sponsor to be approved of by him in the presence of the register of the university that he will perform his exercises in saint Mary's church and the publick schools and that no person whatsoever shall have a right to vote in the senate till a full year be compleated from the time of his producing such sponsor before the vice-chancellor where a sponsor is required and from the time of his re-entering his name where it is not and that

(1) Cantabrigia Depicta, 111-117.

this your grace may have the validity of a law and be written in the proctor's books.(1)

1764.

On the death of the Earl of Hardwicke, a warm contest (2) for the office of High Steward of the University took place between his son Philip Earl of Hardwicke,(3) and John Earl of Sandwich.(4) The election took place on the 30th of March. The grace for the Earl of Hardwicke passed the Caput, and was carried in the Non Regent House, the votes being placets, 103; non-placets, 101. In the Regent House the votes were equal, viz. placets, 108; non-placets, 108. The Proctors (who were in different interests) at first disagreed as to the numbers in the Regent House, in consequence of each omitting to mark the other's vote; but when, on rectifying the error, it was found the suffrages were equal, the Senior Proctor insisted on a second scrutiny, which the Junior refused; and the Vicechancellor dissolved the Congregation without the Proctors making any report. A rule for a mandamus on behalf of the Earl of Hardwicke was afterwards obtained, and came on to be argued before the Court of King's Bench, on the 25th of April, 1765. His Counsel objected to the vote of Thomas Pitt, of Clare Hall, who had voted in the Regent House against the grace, contending that he, having been a

(1) Stat. Acad. Cantab. p. 433.

(2) This contest occasioned several publications both serious and satirical. The most remarkable were "An Address to the Members of the Senate of the University of "Cambridge, on the Attention due to Worth of Character from a Religious Society: "With a view to the ensuing Election of a High Steward, &c. &c. by a Master of Arts.” (8vo. 1764), by John Gorden fellow of Emmanuel College afterwards fellow of Peterhouse D.D. and Archdeacon of Lincoln. "The Candidate: or, the Cambridge Courtship," by Gray, (Gray's Works, ed. Mitford, i. 163); and "The Candidate," by Churchill, (Churchill's Works, ed. 1767, iii. 3.)

He

(3) Philip Yorke second Earl of Hardwicke the eldest son of the Lord Chancellor, was born December 20, 1720, and admitted of Corpus Christi College in 1737. represented the County of Cambridge from 1747, till his succession to the peerage. He was created LL.D. at the Duke of Newcastle's Installation in 1749. In 1757, being then Viscount Royston, he was constituted Lord Lieutenant of Cambridgeshire, which office he held till his death. He was also one of the Tellers of the Exchequer, and a Trustee of the British Museum. His lordship was honourably distinguished by his classical and historical learning. He contributed to the Athenian Letters, and edited Sir Dudley Carleton's Public Correspondence, and two volumes of State Papers. He married in May, 1741, Jemima in her own right Marchioness de Grey and Baroness Lucas of Crudwell, and died at his house in St. James's Square, London, 16 May, 1790. The letter from the University to the Earl of Hardwicke on his election as High Steward and his reply are given in the Cambridge Chronicle, 27 July, 1765.

In

(4) John Montagu fourth Earl of Sandwich succeeded his grandfather in the peerage in 1729. In April, 1745, he was constituted a Lord of the Admiralty, and so continued till June, 1751, filling the first place in that commission from February 10, 1748-9. April, 1763, he resumed the office of First Lord of the Admiralty and continued therein till September that year. In January, 1771, he accepted that office for the third time, and held it till March, 1782. He was one of the Secretaries of State from September, 1763, till 1765, and again from December, 1770, to January, 1771. In 1770, he was made Postmaster General. He was Minister Plenipotentiary to the States General during the conference at Breda, and assisted in settling the preliminaries of peace, which were ratified at Aix-la-Chapelle, in October, 1748. In February, 1763. he was sent as Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to the Catholic King. His private character was far from respectable. He died in 1792.

Master of Arts above five years, ought to have voted amongst the Non Regents; and that, as the Earl of Hardwicke had (when Mr. Pitt's vote was taken away) a majority in his favour, he ought to be admitted. The Counsel on the opposite side, however, contended that Mr. Pitt (who was admitted to his degree by royal mandate,) had not been a Master of Arts complete for five years, consequently that his vote ought to be allowed in the Regent House; and they further objected to five votes in favour of the grace, viz. those of two Esquire Bedels, and of three gentlemen who voted in the Regent House upon resumed graces; and contended that the statutes of Elizabeth being silent as to any particular mode of electing the High Steward, he ought to be chosen in like manner as the Vicechancellor, under the clause in those statutes which directs all officers to be so elected unless some other mode be specifically mentioned. There were other points raised, unnecessary to be here particularised. The Court decided-1st, That Mr. Pitt had been a Master of Arts complete five years, and was therefore a Non Regent, and had no right to vote in the Regent House; 2ndly, That as the usage appeared to be for the Esquire Bedels to vote in the Regent House, and there seemed nothing unfair in the resumed graces, the five votes objected to by the Earl of Hardwicke's opponents could not be disallowed; and 3dly, That the mode of election was right, since it had been according to that invariably used ever since the year 1524, and it was evident that the statutes of Elizabeth had not intended to alter the prevailing mode of electing the High Steward. It was added that the University as a pre-existing Corporation was at liberty to accept part only of those statutes, and was not compelled to accept them in toto.(1) A mandamus was therefore issued to the Seal-keepers to put the University seal to the Earl of Hardwicke's appointment.(2)

On Sunday the 29th of April, his Serene Highness George Augustus Prince of Mecklenburgh Strelitz brother to the Queen visited the University and was created LL.D.(3)

The following advertisement appeared this year :

CAMBRIDGE, June 28, 1764.

WHEREAS many Gentlemen of the University and others have much desired they might be at Liberty, when travelling in the FLY, either to Dine, or not,

(1) It will be seen that it was not necessary to decide so much in the particular case. The general doctrine thus laid down as to the partial acceptance of corporate charters has been since solemnly overruled in the case of Rex. v. Westwood, (4 Barn. & Cresswell, 781; 2 Dow & Clark, 21.)

(2) Sir James Burrow's Reports, iii. 1647; Sir W. Blackstone's Reports, i. 547; Gray's Works, ed. Mitford, i. 163, iv. 29, 48, v. 33.

(3) Cambridge Chronicle, 5 May, 1764; MS. Matthew, 94.

upon the Road: We the Proprietors of the said Fly, for the more speedy Conveyance of Passengers, do not stop on the Road to dine, (except desired) by which means near an Hour will be saved in the Journey; and nothing shall be wanting to render the said Machines in all other respects as compleat, safe, and expeditious as any in the Kingdom,

By S. FORLOW & Co.(1)

On the 17th of October, there was a poll for the rectory of Ovington. The candidates were John Jebb, M.A. fellow of Peterhouse, who had 91 votes and Henry Turner M.A. fellow of St. John's College, who had 73 votes.(2)

1765.

On the 19th of January there was a contested election for the Margaret Professorship of Divinity vacant by the death of Dr. Newcome Dean of Rochester and Master of St. John's College. The candidates were Zachary Brooke D.D. sometime fellow of St. John's College and Edmund Law(3) D.D. Master of Peterhouse. The votes were Dr. Brooke 49, Dr. Law 37.(4)

At the Lent Assizes, was tried before Mr. Justice Bathurst and a special Jury, an action brought by Zachary Mart silversmith and Anne his wife, against Dr. Elliston late Vicechancellor of the University and others, for the false imprisonment of Mrs. Mart, who before her marriage was apprehended by the Proctors and sent to the Spinning House by Dr. Elliston. After a trial of nearly six hours, a verdict was returned for the plaintiffs with £20. damages.(5) A rule nisi for a new trial was obtained,(6) but it seems it was discharged.

On the 28th of May, died aged 84, Jacob Butler Esq. the oldest Barrister-at-Law in England, proprietor of the Barnwell estate where he was born.(7) Having erected in Barnwell church three tablets

(1) Cambridge Chronicle, 30 June, 1764. In the Cambridge Chronicle, 4 August, 1764, is an advertisement from the proprietors of the Fly, stating that the removal of the Fly from the Queen's Head, Gray's-Inn-Lane, to the Swan with two Necks, in Lad Lane, not being agreeable to many of their friends in the University, they had recalled the same to the Queen's Head. It appears that the Fly went daily, Sundays excepted, at 7 A.M. and arrived at 4 P.M. In this advertisement it is stated that the alteration as to dining seemed "very agreeable." S. Forlow, at the Rose Tavern, takes the credit of being" the first Undertaker of conveying Gentlemen in this expeditious manner to and from London." In the Cambridge Chronicle, 11 August, 1764, is an advertisement of a Fly to Ely, with six horses daily, Sundays excepted, at 8 o'clock A.M., arriving at Ely at 11 A.M., and returning from Ely at 3 P.M., and arriving in Cambridge at 6 г.M. Fares: insides, 4s., outsides, 28.

(2) Cambridge Chronicle, 20 Oct. 1764.

(3) Afterwards Bishop of Carlisle.

(4) MS. Cole, xxi. 32 b. where is a copy of the poll.

(5) Annual Register for 1765, p. 80; Marriott, Rights and Privileges of the Universities, &c., 12, 13.

(6) Cambridge Chronicle, 6 May, 1765.

(7) He was eldest son of John Butler LL.D. rector of Wallington in Hertfordshire, by Susannah daughter of Jacob Bodendick of St. Martin's le Grand, London, goldsmith.

commemorative of his ancestors and relatives, and he in 1757 added three others on which is the following curious autobiographical inscription, the dates of his and his wife's deaths and burials being supplied subsequently as occasion arose :

JACOB BUTLER, Esq., Barrister at Law, A.M. of this University,(1) died the 28th day of May, 1765; and buried here the 31st day of May, aged 84; also ROSE his Wife, (2) the 5th day of May, 1778; and buried here the 13th day of May, aged 87: both in a grave, made by himself before his death, on the South side of this chancel, near the other monument. They lived and died as friends. His unvariable steadiness in the cause of Liberty would have intitled him to rewards in any age or country where Virtue was not a crime, and Corruption the safest path to Honour. As his sentiments relating to the public were founded in principle, so was his conduct in private life; wherein it would be hard to decide whether his conjugal affection, his firmness in friendship, or benevolence in charity truly Christian, shone the brightest; for he was conspicuous in all.

In the year 1754, To stem the venality and corruption of the times, he offered himself candidate to represent this county in parliament, unsupported by the influence of the great, the largess of the wealthy, or any interest, but that his single character could establish, the esteem of all honest men and lovers of their country. But when he found the struggles for Freedom faint and ineffectual, and his spirits too weak to resist the efforts of its enemies, he contented himself with the testimony of those few friends who dared to be free, and of his own unbiassed conscience, which, upon this as well as every other occasion, voted in his favour; and upon these accounts he was justly intitled to the name of the Old Briton.

Now, Reader, Behold his hardships and ill usage in life.

In the year 1714, he succeeded his father in this estate, of the yearly value of 3351. never let for more, yet taxed at 6351. occasioned thus: His father, in the year 1705, endeavouring to get Sturbitch Fair rated to the poor, as well as then taxed, the Recorder of the Corporation, then Sir John Cotton, Daniel Love, Francis Piercy, Aldermen, and Thomas Gale, Common council-man, all Commissioners of the Land-tax, and owners of good estates in the said Fair, then leading men and governors of the said Corporation, by the help of others, took the tax from off their estates, and all others of the said Fair, that had always paid in Barnwell parish, and laid it upon the estate of Dr. Butler his father. No redress to be had by appealing; so continued for some years after the said Jacob Butler entered thereon; then got some redress, so as to have his estate taxed at 4201. and so hath continued ever since, to his great damage and oppression, under a large mortgage, seven brothers and sisters portions to pay, four annuities of 2401. per annum, two great fires, one in 1717,(3) the other in 1731,(4) in which he lost four thousand pounds; on both which, collections were had by letters of request; no benefit to himself, by authority of the then justices, who told him, that unless he would swear that he was not worth 5001. he should have no part of that money; which he refused, so lost that share he ought to have had. The like attempt was made as to

(1) Of Christ's College, B.A. 1702, M.A. 1706.

(2) She was his first cousin being daughter of the Rev. Mr. Clerk rector of Somerby, Lincolnshire, by Jane daughter of Nevile Alexander Butler, gent. attorney at law.