2. THAT the said Master, professors, fellows, and scholars, and their successors for ever, should be one distinct and separate body politic and, cor porate in deed and name, by the name and style of the Master, Professors, Fellows, and Scholars of Downing College, in the University of Cambridge, and that by the same name they should have perpetual succession and a common seal, and that by the same name they and their successors, from time to time, and at all times thereafter, should be a body politic and corporate in deed and in law, and be able and capable to have, take, receive, hold, possess, enjoy, and retain, to and for the use of the College, all and every the freehold, copyhold and leasehold manors, advowsons, messuages, lands, rents, tenements, hereditaments, and possessions given and devised by the will of the said Sir George Downing, together with the said piece of ground called Doll's Close, and also to take, purchase, acquire, have, hold, enjoy, receive, possess, and retain, notwithstanding any statute or statutes of mortmain to the contrary, any other manors, rectories, advowsons, messuages, lands, tenements, rents, and hereditaments of what kind, nature, or quality soever, for the use of the College, so that the same did not exceed the yearly value of £1,500. above all charges and reprizes.

3. That the College should be deemed and taken to be part and parcel of the University of Cambridge, and should be united and annexed to and incorporated therewith, and enjoy all the privileges of the University.

4. THAT the Master, professors, fellows, and scholars of the College and their successors, should and might individually have, hold, take, and enjoy within the University of Cambridge and the liberties and precincts thereof, all and singular such and the same privileges, franchises, and liberties, and in as full and ample manner and form, and should be subject to all such discipline, order, and government as any Master, professor, or any warden, provost, principal, or doctor of any other College in the said University of Cambridge, and their fellows and scholars, officers and ministers, or any of them within the said University, by reason of any charter, gift, or grant, or charters, gifts, or grants by His Majesty, or any of his progenitors theretofore made or granted to the same University, or by reason of any prescription, custom, or other lawful title or ordinance whatsoever, had, taken, held, or enjoyed, or been subject to, or ought to have had, taken, held, or enjoyed, or been subject to.(1)

5. THAT Francis Annesley (2) Doctor of Laws in the said University, should be the first and modern Master of the College, and Edward Christian(8) Esquire, Master of Arts in the said University and Barrister at Law the first Professor of the Laws of England, and Busick Harwood Doctor in Physic the first Professor of Medicine in the College.

6. THAT John Lens(3) Serjeant at Law, and William Meeke(3) Barrister at Law, Masters of Arts in the said University, and William Frere Batchelor of Arts in the said University, and such thirteen other persons, to be qualified in manner thereinafter prescribed respecting the elections of the future fellows of the College, as his Majesty should, after the necessary buildings for the College should have been erected, by writing under his sign

(1) A grace to admit Downing College to enjoy the same privileges as the rest of the endowed colleges passed the Senate in 1786,-Cambridge Chronicle, 6 May, 1786.

(2) Dr. Annesley who was one of the heirs at law of Sir George Downing, was M.P. for Reading from 1774 to 1806. He died 16 April, 1812.

(3) These gentlemen were with others appointed in July, 1788, Syndics for management of the proceedings in the Court of Chancery, relative to the foundation of Downing College.

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manual nominate and appoint should be the first and modern fellows of the College.

7. THAT out of the revenues of the College, there should be in the first place set apart so much as should be necessary to be applied in erecting proper buildings for the College, together with any other funds applicable for that purpose, under the direction of the Court of Chancery.

8. His Majesty reserved to himself, his heirs and successors, all visitatorial power and authority over the College.(1)

On the 25th of October, the Vicechancellor issued the following notice :

The University being possessed of the whole and sole jurisdiction of the Cambridge Market, I give this public notice, that the said Market (beginning with this day) will not be open to Higlers and those who Buy to Sell again, till Twelve in the morning: and that till that time it will be open to the other inhabitants only.

Trin. Lodge, Saturday, Oct. 25, 1800.

W. L. MANSEL, Vice-Chancellor.

Dr. Gretton Vicechancellor, twelve Heads of Colleges, and thirtynine other members of the University signed and published an agreement that during the then scarcity they would abstain from the use of pastry, and check as far as in their power every wasteful expenditure of the necessary articles of subsistence. They also agreed to limit themselves to as small a consumption of bread as their respective healths would permit, and to promote the use of such substitutes for bread-corn as might appear most beneficial to the public at large and to the poorer classes in particular. This agreement was in accordance with the exhortation of a royal proclamation issued on the 3rd of December.(2)

In December, another subscription for the relief of the poor in Cambridge and the neighbourhood was commenced. It originated at a meeting of the University, convened by Dr. Gretton the Vicechancellor, at Magdalene Lodge. Upwards of £1,200. was ultimately subscribed. The University contributed £50.; the Earl of Hardwicke, £50.; the Duke of Rutland, £31. 10s.; the Hon. and Rev. James Yorke D.D. Bishop of Ely, £30; and the Right Hon. Charles Yorke, one of the members for the county, £21. Soup shops were established and provisions were retailed to the poor at reduced prices.(3)

(1) An application was made to the Court of Chancery to set aside this charter, but after a hearing of three days, its validity was established on the 29th of June, 1802.-Cambridge Chronicle, 3 July, 1802.

(2) Cambridge Chronicle, 13 Dec. 23 Dec. 1800.

(3) Ibid. 13 Dec. 1800, 19 May 1801, 23 Jan. 1802.

1801.

On the 7th of March, the price of the quartern loaf wheaten was no less than 1s. 9d.(1)

The population of Cambridge as ascertained by the Parliamentary census taken this year was as follows:

There were 42 uninhabited houses, 92 families chiefly employed in agriculture, and 1368 in trade, manufactures or handicraft.(2) In this and several preceding years, many burglaries were committed in Cambridge. Most of the Colleges were robbed of plate to a considerable amount. It was at length discovered that the parties concerned in these robberies were Richard Kidman, a whitesmith, residing in Bell Lane, William Grimshaw, a chimney sweep, who dwelt in a lone house near Christ's College pieces, and Henry Cohen, a Jew, who disposed of the plunder. All these parties were apprehended and tried at the Lent Assizes this year, before Sir Nash Grose. Kidman pleaded guilty to two indictments and received sentence of death, which was ultimately commuted to transportation for life. burglary in the house of Alderman the Castle, on the 28th of March.

(1) Cambridge Chronicle, 8 March, 1801.
(2) Abstract of Population Returns of 1801.

Grimshaw was convicted of a
Butcher, and was executed at
Cohen was arraigned for being

an accessary before the fact to a burglary in Caius College, but being acquitted, was remanded till the Summer Assizes, when he was tried on another indictment and again acquitted.(1)

The subscription for the relief of the poor, commenced at the close of the preceding year, was continued till the month of May, on account of the high price of food. The Committee appointed distributed at reduced prices 15,000 bushels of potatoes, 39,401 red herrings, 28,100 sprinkled herrings, 20,500 lbs. of cod, 3,652 lbs. of Scotch barley, 109 bushels of peas, 7,000 lbs. of rice, and 87 chaldrons of coals.(2)

On the 2nd of July, the royal assent was given to an act for changing the scite of Downing College,(3) and to an act for extinguishing the rights of common and other rights in and over certain lands called Saint Thomas's Leys otherwise Pembroke Leys, in the several parishes of Saint Botolph, Saint Andrew the Great, Saint Benedict, and Saint Mary the Less.(4) Downing College was subsequently erected on Saint Thomas's Leys.

The Cambridgeshire yeomanry cavalry finding upon a muster that their numbers were reduced from sixty-four to twenty-two, suspended any further muster till their number was sufficiently increased to render them of some utility in case their services were called for. They however on the 30th of July, met at the Cardinal's Cap, and declared their desire to resume their duty whenever from an increase of numbers or any other means they found themselves in a situation of being in any degree useful. Christopher Jeaffreson was Commandant, Christopher Pemberton Lieutenant, Frederick Thackeray Cornet, and Samuel Pickering Beales Quarter Master.(5)

On the 3rd of October, intelligence was received here that the preliminaries of peace with France had been signed. The bells of Great St. Mary's rang throughout the day. The Cambridge Loyal Association commanded by Major William Fisher, paraded the town, sang "Rule Britannia," and "God Save the King," drank in ale," the King and Constitution," and in brandy, "His Majesty's Ministers, with thanks for their bringing about the desirable object of peace." This toast was received with enthusi

(1) Cambridge Chronicle, 7 Feb. 23 March, 4 April, 25 July, 1801.

(2) Ibid. 19 May, 25 July, 1801.

(3) Stat. 41 Geo. III. c. 140, (local and personal). (4) Stat. 41 Geo. III. c. 145, (local and personal).

(5) Cambridge Chronicle, I August, 1801.

astic joy by the multitude, and accompanied with "thrice three" huzzas. In the evening there was a general illumination. On the 12th of October, there was another illumination to celebrate the ratification of the peace.(1)

On the 27th of November, His Royal Highness Prince Adolphus Frederick the King's seventh and youngest surviving son, (born February 24, 1774), was created Duke of Cambridge.

By an act which received the royal assent on the 11th of December, it was enacted that from and after the disembodying the militia, the number of private militia men to serve for the county of Cambridge should be 361.(2)

1802.

On the 3rd of April, William Wright a native of Foxton, and John Bullock the son of a person of property in Bedfordshire, were executed at the Castle, for knowingly uttering forged Bank of England notes.(3)

The death of James Warwood Adeane Esq. of Babraham, occasioned a vacancy in the representation of the county, to supply which Sir Henry Peyton Bart., and Lord Charles Somerset Manners offered themselves as candidates. The former was returned after five day's polling. At the close of the poll on the 9th of May, the numbers were Peyton, 1592; Manners, 1500. The poll was taken at the Castle.

On the 17th of May, peace was proclaimed by the mayor, aldermen, common councilmen, and other members of the corporation, who attended by a considerable number of inhabitants, rode round the town preceded by a band of music and flags. The Mayor gave a dinner in the Town Hall to upwards of 200, and in the evening there was a general illumination.(4)

The University on the 17th of May, voted an address congratulating his Majesty on the restoration of peace. This address was presented at St. James's, on the 27th of May, by Dr. Proc. ter Vicechancellor and a deputation from the Senate, accompanied by the Duke of Rutland, the Earls of Euston and Clonmell, Lord Primrose, the Bishops of Bath and Wells and Norwich.(5)

(1) Cambridge Chronicle, 10 Oct. 17 Oct. 1801.

(2) Stat. 42 Geo. III. c. 12, s. 1.

(3) Cambridge Chronicle, 10 April, 1802.

(4) Corporation Cross Book, 244; Cambridge Chronicle, 22 May, 1802.

(5) London Gazette, 25 to 29 May, 1802; Cambridge Chronicle, 22 May, 5 June, 1902.