he returned East and devoted himself until his death exclusively to writing.

SMITH, SAMUEL FRANCIS (1808-1905). Born in Boston. He attended the Boston Latin School and was graduated at Harvard and at Andover Theological Seminary. He was ordained to the ministry of the Baptist Church in 1834.

Dr. Smith has done a large amount of literary work, mainly in the line of hymnology, his most noted poem being the national hymn, which was written while he was a theological student and first sung at a children's celebration in the Park Street Church, Boston, July 4, 1832.

SOUTHEY, CAROLINE ANNE (BOWLES) (17871854). Born in Hampshire, England, the daughter of a retired officer. She remained at home till her literary work, consisting of poems, tales, and sketches, published in the magazines, brought her into public notice. She formed a warm personal friendship with Robert Southey, the Poet Laureate, and married him two years after the death of his wife. They wrote a number of poems in collaboration.

STANTON, FRANK LEBBY (1857). Born in Charleston, South Carolina. Educated in the common schools; he served an apprenticeship as a printer, thence rising into the plane of journalism. He is now connected with the Atlanta Constitution, in which his songs appear almost daily, being quoted by the news

papers all over the country. He has gathered the choicest of his verse into several volumes.

(1833-1908).

STEDMAN, EDMUND CLARENCE Born in Hartford, Connecticut. Educated at Yale, from which he was dismissed for a boyish prank, although he afterward received his degree from his Alma Mater, proud of his reputation as a man of letters. He entered journalism and, during the Civil War, served as warcorrespondent for the New York World. After the war he became a Wall Street broker, holding a position upon the exchange until 1900. He wrote a number of books upon poetry and edited, with Ellen M. Hutchinson, a large anthology of American literature. At the time of his death he was regarded as the "Dean of American Letters,"

STEVENSON, ROBERT LOUIS (1850-1894). Born at Edinburgh, coming from a distinguished family of Scotch engineers. His delicate health made a thorough education impossible. He read extensively and so fitted himself for a literary career. This he began in 1871 with contributions to various magazines. He reached distinction as a short-story writer, novelist, essayist, and poet. Among his works may be especially noted The Merry Men-a collection of short stories, The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, Treasure Island, and Kidnapped. His poetical works are A Child's Garden of Verse, 1885, and Underwoods, 1887. He died in Samoa in the South Seas, where he had settled in a vain attempt to regain his health.

SWINBURNE, ALGERNON CHARLES (1837-1909). Born in London, England. Received his early education in France and was at Eton and Oxford, where he attracted the attention of Jowett. In his earlier days Swinburne was closely associated with the Rossettis, Meredith, and Burne-Jones.

His first two plays, The Queen Mother and Rosamund, made no impression on the public, but the appearance in 1865 of Atalanta in Calydon led to his immediate recognition as a poet of the first order. Poems and Ballads, published in 1866, created a profound sensation alike among the critics and the general body of readers by its daring departure from recognized standards. As a master of metre Swinburne is hardly excelled by any of our poets.

TAYLOR, BAYARD (1825-1878). Born in Pennsylvania, of Quaker descent. He began to write by the time he was twelve. He travelled extensively in Europe. After his return joined the staff of the New York Tribune and published several books on travel and poetry, among which are Views Afoot (1846). His translation of Goethe's Faust is perhaps his best work. He was appointed to the German Embassy and died in Berlin in 1879.

TENNYSON, ALFRED (BARON TENNYSON OF ALDWORTH) (1809-1892). Born at Somersby, Lincolnshire, England, the son of the rector of the parish. His education, which was completed at Trinity College, Cambridge, brought him in contact with many gifted men whose influence was most valuable. Although his first volume of poems had appeared in 1827, he re

ceived no general recognition until 1842, when his fourth collection of poems appeared. From this time on his fame grew apace. His greatest poem is the elegy on the death of his dear friend Arthur Hallam, In Memorian, which appeared in 1850. This same year, on the death of Wordsworth, he succeeded to the Laureateship. Tennyson also turned his attention to the drama, achieving some success, especially with Becket, 1884. He was raised to the peerage in that year. The poet's life, which had been tranquil and uneventful, received a great shock at the death of his younger son, and from this blow he never recovered. He died in his eighty-fourth year, and receiving a public funeral, was buried in Westminster Abbey.

"Truly," said Edwin Arnold, "the echoes of Lord Tennyson's song will live forever and forever, and roll from soul to soul. Beyond all dispute he is the representative singer of the great reign of Victoria."

THACKERAY, WILLIAM MAKEPIECE (18111863). Born at Calcutta, India. At the age of five, on the death of his father, he came to London to receive his education at Charterhouse School. He was intended for the law, but, having no liking for that profession, turned his attention to journalism, in which business he lost his fortune. He studied art, but finding his talent limited, turned to literature as a means of livelihood. Thackeray is best known as a novelist, his greatest works being Henry Esmond (1832) and Vanity Fair (1848). He also achieved success as an essayist. He wrote but little verse, and that largely in light and humorous vein.

TUBBS, ARTHUR LEWIS (1867). Born at Glens Falls, New York, and educated there in the high school. Studied music, entered into journalism. He is now the dramatic and musical critic of the Philadelphia Evening Bulletin. He has written a number of plays and many poems and short stories.

WATERHOUSE, ALFRED JAMES (1855). Born at Leeds Center, Columbia County, Wisconsin. He married Lilliam F. Hines in 1895. He wrote for San Francisco and New York papers for a number of years. He was district attorney of Davidson County, Dakota (now S. D.) in 1885 and 1886. He is the author of Some Homely Little Songs, published in 1899, and Lays for Little Chaps, published in 1902. is Berkeley, California.

His home

(1848).

WEATHERLY, FREDERIC EDWARD Born at Portishead, England. He published his first volume of verse, Muriel and Other Poems, in 1870. He took his degree from Brasenose College, Oxford, in 1871. He was called to the bar in 1887. Many of his songs have been set to music by leading composers and are very popular. He has also written librettos and several books for children.

WEBSTER, DANIEL (1782-1852). Born at Waterford, New Hampshire, of old New England stock. Studied law and was a member of the United States Senate and Secretary of State. He was one of the greatest orators America has produced. His place in literature rests on his published speeches.

Fied 1989