and some We have corrected; and We have likewise commanded certain others to be ordained and added thereto; and these We Will shall be from henceforth for ever stedfastly kept and observed in our Lands in those parts according to the Form underwritten.

II. REGULATIONS OF THE JURISDICTION, AND ITS DIVISION INTO COUNTIES, AND APPOINTMENT OF OFFICERS.

We have Provided and by our command ordained, That the Justices of Snowdon shall have the Custody and Government of the Peace of Us the King in Snowdon, and our Lands of Wales adjoining; and shall administer Justice to all Persons whatsoever, according to the original Writs of Us the King, and also the Laws and Customs underwritten. We likewise will and ordain that there be Sheriffs, Coroners, and Bailiffs of Commotes in Snowdon, and our Lands of those parts. A Sheriff of Anglesea, under whom shall be the whole Land of Anglesea, with its Cantreds, Metes, and Bounds. A Sheriff of Caernarvan, under whom shall be the Cantred of Arvan, the Cantred of Arthlencoyth, the Commote of Cruthin, the Cantred of Thleen, and the Commote of Yvionith. A Sheriff of Meirioneth, under whom shall be the Cantred of Meirioneth, the Commote of Ardovey, and the Commote of Penthlin, and the Commote of Deyrinoin, with their Metes and Bounds. A Sheriff of Flint, under whom shall be the Cantred of Englefeud, the Land of Maillor Sexeneyth, and the Land of Hope, and of the Land adjoining to our Castle and Town of Rothelan unto the Town of Chester, shall from henceforth be obedient under Us to our Justice of Chester, and shall answer for the Issues of the same Commote at our Exchequer of Chester. There shall be Coroners in the same Counties, to be chosen by the King's Writ, the tenor whereof is to be found among the original Writs of the Chancery. There shall likewise be Bailiffs of Commotes who shall faithfully do and discharge their Offices and diligently attend thereto, according to what shall be given them in charge by the Justices and Sheriffs. A Sheriff of Carmarthen, with its Cantreds and Commotes and antient Metes and Bounds. A Sheriff of Cardigan and Llanbadarn, with its Cantreds and Commotes, and Metes and Bounds. There shall be Coroners in these Counties, and Bailiffs of Commotes, as before.

III. OF THE OFFICE OF SHERIFF IN WALES; AND THE Manner OF HOLDING COURTS.

The Sheriff ought to execute his Office in this Form, to wit; When any one shall have complained to him of any Trespass done to him against the Peace of our Lord the King, or of the taking and wrongful detaining of Cattle, or of an unjust taking, or of Debt, or any other Contract not fulfilled and the like, either by Writ or without Writ, first let him take Pledges of prosecuting his Claim, or the party's Oath if he be a poor man, and afterwards make Execution as is more fully declared, in this manner, the Defendants in each case shall be summoned to be at the next County Court, to answer unto the Plaintiffs; at which Court, after Summons made and Proof thereof, if they come not, they shall be summoned again by Award of the Court, to be at another Court next ensuing, to answer as before; at which, if they come not, after Summons repeated and Proof thereof, they shall be summoned by Award of the Court a third time, to be at the next third County Court to answer as before; at which Court, if they come not, then the Plaintiffs by Judgment of the Court, as well in Pleas by Writ as Plaints without Writ, shall recover their Demands together with Damages or Amends, as well in movables as in immovables, according as the Actions require. And for such Defaults a Penalty shall be incurred to our Lord the King, according to the Law and Custom of Wales. And when the parties shall have appeared to plead, each shall be received without Fine to relate the Truth of his Case; and according to the Plaints Answers and Allegations on either side, shall be the Proceeding to Judgment for the Plaintiff or Defendant, by the Award of the County Court; and the Punishment shall be according to the Quality and Quantity of the Offence. And it is to be known that the County Court ought to be holden in this Manner, to wit, from Month to Month in such Place as our Lord and King shall ordain; and this upon Monday in one County, upon Tuesday in another, upon Wednesday in a third County, and upon Thursday in a fourth, and not upon any other days. And the Sheriff shall proceed thus in the holding of his County Court. First he shall hear and receive before himself and the Coroner and the Suitors of the County, the presentments of Felonies and of Casualties that shall have happened between two Counties, touching the death of a man, in this manner; That the

four Townships next to the place where the fact of the Manslaughter or Misadventure shall have happened, shall come to the next County Court, together with him that found the dead man, and the Welshery, that is the Kindred of the Person slain, and there shall present the Fact of Felony, the Case of Misadventure, and the manner of either: Declaring thus, That on such a day, at such a place, it fell out that such an one, known or unknown, was found slain feloniously, or drowned, or otherwise dead by misadventure, and such an one found him, who is present, &c. And that Presentment shall be forthwith inrolled, as well in the Coroner's Roll as in the Sheriff's. And if there should be present man or woman that would sue by Appeal, there shall be Pledges to prosecute taken forthwith, and the Appeal shall be sued in that County Court. So that if the Appellees should appear, they shall straight be taken, and detained in the prison of our Lord the King until the coming of the Justice, and be safely kept; And if they should not appear, then upon the Prosecution of the Appellor they shall be exacted from one County Court to another; and if they come not at the fourth Court, or be not taken to pledge, they shall be outlawed, and Women shall be waived. And if they should not appear at the first County Court where they shall be exacted, their Lands and Chattels shall be forthwith taken and seized in the hand of our Lord the King, and shall be delivered into Ward of the Townships, as hereunder. In the same manner shall the proceeding be in an Appeal of Wounding, Maihem, Rape, Arson, and Robbery, against the Appellees, if they should not appear. And if they should appear, and find sufficient Pledges, six at the least, or more, to abide Judgement at the coming of the Justice, they shall straight be replevied. And it is to be known, that the Proceeding to Outlawry is not to have place against Appellees of Force, Command, Direction, or Receit, until some one be convicted of the Fact.

IV. THE TURN.

The Sheriff shall make his Turn in his several Commotes twice in the year, in some place certain to be therefore assigned; that is to say, once after the Feast of Saint Michael, and once after Easter. At which Turn all Freeholders and others holding Lands and dwelling in that Commote, at the Time of the Summons

for holding the Turn, except Men of Religion, Clerks, and Women, ought to come thither. And the Sheriff, by the Oath of twelve Freeholders, of the most discreet and lawful, or more at his discretion, shall diligently make Inquiry upon the Articles touching the Crown and Dignity of our Lord the King hereunder written:

Of Traitors to our Lord the King and the Realm, the Queen, and their Children, and their Abettors. Of Thieves, Manslayers, Robbers, Murderers, Burners that make felonious Burnings, and their Receivers and accessaries. Of Mascherers, that sell and buy stolen Meat knowingly. Of Whittawers, that is, those that whiten Hides of Oxen and Horses, knowing the same to have been stolen, that they may not be known again. Of Redubbers of stolen Cloths, that turn them into a new Shape, and change the old one, as making a Coat or Surcoat of a Cloak, and the like. Of Outlaws and Objurers of the Realm that have returned to it. Of such as have withdrawn themselves against the coming and Eyre of the Justice, and have returned after the Eyre. Of Ravishers of Maids, Nuns, and Matrons of good repute. Of Treasure trove. Of turning Water Courses. Of Hindrance, Restraint, and narrowing of the Highway. Of Walls, Houses, Gates, Ditches, and Marl-pits raised and made near unto the publick Way, to the Nuisance of the same Way, and to the Danger of Passengers; and of them that raise and make the same. Of Forgers of the Money and Seal of our Lord the King. Of Trespassers in Parks and Vivaries. Of Breakers of the Prison of our Lord the King. Of Takers of Pigeons flying from Dovecotes. Of those who make Pound-breach; that is, Breakers of the Inclosures wherein Beasts are impounded. Of Forstall, that is, of the Stopping of Cattle. Of Hamsoken, that is, of breaking into houses. Of Thefbote, that is, of taking Amends for Theft without leave of the King's Court. Of them that do imprison any Freeman whatsoever. Of Usurers. Of Removers and Falsifiers of Landmarks. Of non-observance of the Assize of Bread and Beer, and of Breakers thereof. Of unlawful Bushels Gallons and other Measures. Of unlawful Yards and Weights and them that sell therewith. Of them that give Lodgings to persons unknown for more than two nights. Of Blood spilt; of Hue and Cry levied. Of them that shear Sheep by Night in the Folds, and that flay them or any other Beasts. Of them that take and collect by Night the Ears of Corn in Autumn, and carry them away; and

of all other the like Trespassers. Let Inquiry also be made of the Rights of our Lord the King withdrawn, as of Custodies, Wardships, Marriages; Reliefs, Fees, Advowsons of Churches, if any there be, Suits to the County and Commotes; who shall have withdrawn them, and from what time; and of them that shall have taken upon them to exercise Royalties without Warrant, as Gallows, Fines for Breach of the Assize of Bread and Beer; Plea of Vetitum Namium; and other the like Rights which specially and by Prerogative belong to the Crown of our Lord the King. The Sheriff in making his View and Turn, shall first cause to come together forthwith before him all the men of the whole Commote, and shall cause them to swear that they will true Presentment make to the twelve or more of the Jury chosen by the Sheriff; and that they will conceal nought that is true, nor say ought that is false, of those things that shall be given them in charge in behalf of our Lord the King; and the Oath being taken, the above written Articles shall be laid before them and they shall be charged to make diligent Inquiry upon each and if they should find any who, for their Offence ought to lose Life or Limb, they shall intimate their Names to the Sheriff secretly; lest the Men so indicted should escape if they were present in the Turn and were indicted publicly. But of the rest of the Articles they may well declare their Answers openly and in publick, and return their Verdict; and then it shall be told them to go apart by themselves, and diligently to treat and inquire of those things that are given them in charge. And when they shall have been well informed, they shall return and render their Verdict and make their Presentment. But the Sheriff, in receiving the Verdicts and Recognitions shall not seek to trouble them that make Presentment; nor shall he take Fines of them for not being troubled. And when the Verdict or Presentment of the Jury is brought in, the Sheriff shall forthwith, or as soon as he may, take and keep in Prison, or discharge upon sufficient Bail, such as have been indicted of Offences whereof the Punishment is Death or Loss of Limb. And of the rest of the Articles there shall forthwith be Correction and due Execution made in all and every the Matters aforesaid, according to the Inquisitions. And the Bailiffs of Commotes shall from henceforth hold their Commotes and do and administer Justice to the Parties in Suit.