Having laid waste the land which1 lies between Falerii and the Tiber, the Gauls assembled at the bridge and marched towards the city. Hearing of their approach, the people, who had lately suffered Camillus to go into banishment, now wished him to be recalled.

'This one thing,' said he, 'I ask of the immortal Gods, that the good fortune which has befallen us to-day may be assured to the state and to our children for evermore.'

'I hope,' said the monarch, 'to bring over to my side many of those whose minds have been so long alienated from me.'

(c).

6

The soldiers who had been left on the other side of the river, having waited four days and having heard nothing further from Labienus, began to mutiny and upbraid the centurion to whose care they had been entrusted. Why, they asked, were they wasting their time there in a barren and desolate region 5, especially when winter was approaching? Why had he deceived them and led-them-to-suppose that a delay of one day only was necessary? Was he studying-the-interests-of themselves or of the enemy? They had now, they said, consumed all the food which had been left-behind by their comrades, and would soon be perishing of hunger. He must lead them forth immediately, and allow them to rejoin the rest of the army. Let those remain there who wished for those who preferred every-kind-of danger to certain death let an opportunity at least be granted of preserving their life. This importunity produced the desired effect: orders were issued for an immediate departure, and the voice of sedition was for the time hushed.

XVIII (a).

Historians relate that one Caius grossly insulted Lepidus, the Roman commander, who, thinking it would be a very bad precedent1o if such things were done with impunity, ordered him to be bound with chains and flogged.

'It is for you",' said he, 'that we have encountered these dangers; and if you 12 had assisted us, we should have carried off all the corn which was in the city.'

If it were some unknown nation against which " Lucullus is marching, we might fairly plead ignorance of the matter; but since it is an inveterate enemy of Rome 13 that "he is attacking, we know well what we ought to expect.

There is a report that Manlius built a house on the top of the Esquiline, which was afterwards sold to Curius for 100,000 sesterces1.

(b).

So great a love for 2 his country had Aristides, that though he had received injuries from his fellow-citizens and had been sent into exile, he could not endure that it should be overwhelmed by misfortunes. When the Medes had invaded Greece, and the Athenians and other Greeks had assembled at3 Salamis, he sailed thither from Aegina at great danger to himself, that he might tell Themistocles and his colleagues how great was the peril into which they were being led 5. When he arrived there he informed them that their ships were now entirely shut in by the fleet of Xerxes, which would attack them on the following day, and he advised them to deliberate how they might best resist the foe. Having said this he departed. An angry dispute then arose, the greater part of those who were present asserting that what Aristides had announced was not true. The correctness of his information was however fully established by subsequent events.

XIX (a).

8

'It is in vain,' cried Tullia, that you pester me with unreasonable requests, who have obtained what I could for you from the Emperor. This I consider nothing-short-of greediness on-your-part, and I have no intention of satisfying you, or of sacrificing my safety to your convenience.'

And so the city of Romulus, which had at first been a place-of-refuge for fugitives, became at length the capital of the world.

9

The wife of Calpurnius, whose name was Cornelia, whilst returning 10 from Falerii, which is about thirty miles distant from " Rome, fell into the hands of robbers, who carried off all the gold and ornaments she was carrying with her.

(b).

After the murder of Thomas à Becket 12, Henry was plunged in the deepest sorrow, and in order to atone-for his crime travelled to Canterbury, which is more than 13 fifty miles from London, fearing lest some judgment from heaven should overtake him 1. When he arrived there, he advanced barefooted to the church in which the Archbishop had been buried, and crawling on his knees to the altar prayed to God that

pardon might be granted him for1 the words which he had spoken, and by which those four knights had been induced to commit 2 so dreadful a crime. And in order that he might receive a still greater punishment, he ordered each of the priests who were present to scourge his naked shoulders with a whip, a punishment which had been inflicted on no king of England before that time. It is certain that Henry in this way regained the favour of his subjects which he had for a long time lost. Thus does history constantly show that not even the proudest tyranny is secure against the stings of remorse, and also that a frank acknowledgment of error is often instrumental in winning popularity.

XX (a).

Achilles was the bravest man who accompanied the Greeks to Troy. Achilles, the bravest man who accompanied the Greeks to Troy, was slain by an arrow.

The last king of England who was named Edward died before he was sixteen years old.

The first of the Roman Emperors, who was named Augustus, conquered Antonius in the battle of Actium.

Romulus was the first Roman general who won the Spolia Opima. Pyrrhus restored to the Romans all 5 the cities which he had taken. He ordered his soldiers to seize the first person they saw going out of the temple.

He determined to sacrifice the largest bull he could find in the island.

Cleopatra, one of the most beautiful women that ever lived, perished by the bite of an asp.

This is the most glorious victory we have ever won, Quirites.

(b).

[(1) Or. Rect. (2) Or. Obl.] 'I have neither wife nor children,' said the king, and the pestilence has destroyed the dearest friends I have. Why am I not allowed to die? Who of mortals was ever so unfortunate? Bring hither the sharpest sword you can find, that I may put an end to my miserable life. Why do you pretend that you are my friends, who have been the first to leave me in my distress? You are the most faithless companions I have ever known. Do what I have bidden you, and depart from my house.' These words, the outpourings of a bosom wrung by distress and frenzied by passion were little heeded by the gay knot of courtiers assembled around.

1 § 73.

note 1.

2 induced by which those four knights had committed.
4 Gr. § 235.
5 § 52, note.
6 § 102.

3 § 143, d,

XXI (a).

** Translate the words in Italics by Participles or Adjectives.

Let us not seek what is dishonourable, nor long for that which will quickly perish.

To the soldiers who were already wearied out with their long march this new toil seemed scarcely endurable.

The first centurion who perceived what was going on raised a shout in the rear of those who were fighting.

All delight to load with honours the man who has deserved well of his country.

Do not visit with punishment1 citizens who have been unjustly condemned.

O glorious day, which wilt bring a thousand joys to us who love one another.

The booty which we had taken in this war we distributed amongst 3 the neediest citizens we could find.

The general promised to give a thousand sesterces to the first soldier who should scale the wall without-the-knowledge-of those who were besieged.

(1).

[(1) Or. Rect. (2) Or. Obl.] ‘I have no money,' said Fabius to his colleagues, but you have a thousand pounds apiece". You and your friends are greedy fellows and full of presumptuous arrogance, but Quintus and I are contented with our lot and do not wish to follow after that which ought to be avoided. Why do you, who know nothing of literature, advise me to write more correctly? Allow me to use my own judgment in these matters. Goodbye.' Thus spoke Fabius. Just indignation had furnished him with words; but his reproaches fell upon ears which malice, envy, and greed had rendered deaf to all re

monstrance.

(c).

[(1) Or. Rect. (2) Or. Obl.] 'Let us eat and drink,' said Crassus to his friends. 'To-morrow perhaps we shall die. Who can tell what will happen; what sort of weather God will send, or what sort of fortune he will give to each man? Do you not perceive that the poorest and most unfortunate of men often rise in the world and obtain high distinctions? I do not greatly value my life, but as long as I live I wish to enjoy what I have earned.' This impressive speech produced 4 Gr. § 366. 5 § 63.

1 § 120, B.

6

§ 117, C.

2 Gr. § 110, g. 7 § 132.

3 Dative Case.

a marked effect upon the company. Dull despair and abject submission to ill fortune now gave place to bright hopes for the morrow.

XXII (a).

It is said that Tarquinius was banished in the 244th year after the building of the city.

It is an intolerable provocation to be called a coward by those who, one knows, would be the first to run away on the approach of an enemy.

They gave Solon many gifts, and on his departure from Athens followed him to his ship with tears and regrets.

It is a vexatious thing2 to be accused when one is doing no injury 3; yet this is perhaps better than to be a guilty man and at the same time uncondemned.

Seventy years after the birth of Christ, Jerusalem was taken and utterly destroyed, an event which fulfilled all that had been prophesied concerning the city forty years before.

It is said that the last king of England whose name was Henry gave the swiftest horses he possessed to his soldiers when they set out for the

war.

The last king of France, whose name was Louis, was forced to abdicate the sovereignty.

The temple of Fortuna Muliebris was dedicated, they say, in commemoration of the delivery of Rome by women.

(b).

A slave whose name was Davus was sent into the city, which was 20 miles distant, to buy a house for his master; and when he had selected the handsomest house he could find, it is said that he returned and addressed his master as follows [(1) Or. Rect. (2) Or. Obl.], 'I am sure you will be delighted when you hear what I have done; for I have bought you a house situated on the top of the Esquiline, a part of the city which none but the noblest citizens inhabit. Two years ago I wished to become a freedman, but now it seems to me more pleasant to be a slave, since I have so good a master.' It is believed that the master was charmed with the slave's purchase, and determined that such a proof of disinterested zeal in his behalf should not pass without its due meed of recognition. He therefore presented Davus with 100 sesterces, his wife with 50, and each of his children with 10. This happened in the year 89 before the birth of Christ.

1 § 127, B, 4, e..

2 § 117, a.

3 Gr. § 366.

4 Ludovicus.