10th March, 1708-9, and "was examined particularly for the sea service, being recommended for that purpose by the right honourable the earl of Pembroke, lord high admiral of England, and was well approved of by the President and Elects, and the following certificate was given him by them :

We, the President and three of the Elects of the College of Physicians, London, have, according to Act of Parliament and in obedience to his Excellency the Lord High Admirall of England, examined Mr. Abraham Carslake, bachelor of physick, in the university of Oxford, and do approve of him as duly qualified to serve Her Majesty as a Physician in Her Majesty's fleet.

Witness our hands Mar. 10, 1708.

GEORGE LAMB was educated at St. John's college, Cambridge, but left the university without taking a degree. He was admitted an Extra Licentiate of the College of Physicians 29th October, 1709, and was then residing at Wallingford, co. Berks.

JOHN RICHARDSON was admitted an Extra Licentiate of the College of Physicians 29th October, 1709. He practised at Alnwick.

NATHANIEL SALMON, LL.B. was the son of the Rev. Thomas Salmon, rector of Mepsall, in Bedfordshire. He was admitted at Benet college, Cambridge, 11th June, 1690, and took the degree of bachelor of laws in 1695. Shortly after this he took orders in the Church of England, and was for some time curate of Westmill, co. Herts. Though he had taken the oaths to king William III. he refused to do so to queen Anne, and when he could no longer officiate as a clergyman he applied himself to the study of physic, which he practised first at St. Ives, in Huntingdonshire, and afterwards at Bishop's Stortford. He was settled at the last-named town, 3rd February, 1709-10,

when he was admitted an Extra Licentiate of the College of Physicians. He was a voluminous writer, as the following list of his works testifies :

A Survey of the Roman Antiquities in the Midland Counties of England. 8vo. 1726.

A Survey of the Roman Stations in Britain, according to the Roman Itinerary. 8vo. 1728.

The History of Hertfordshire, describing the county and its ancient monuments, particularly the Roman, with the characters of those who have been the chief possessors of the lands, and an account of the most memorable occurrences. Folio. 1728.

The Lives of the English Bishops from the Restoration to the Revolution. 8vo. 1733.

The Antiquities of Surrey, collected from the most ancient records, with some account of the present state and natural history of the county. 8vo. 1736.

The History and Antiquities of Essex, from the collections of Mr. Strangeman, with notes and illustrations. Folio. 1739.

JOHN ARBUTHNOT, M.D. was the son of a clergyman of the episcopal church of Scotland, and was born at Arbuthnot, near Montrose. He was educated at the university of Aberdeen, where he took the degree of doctor of medicine. The Revolution deprived the father of his church preferment; and though he was possessed of a small paternal estate, yet necessity compelled the son to seek his fortune abroad. Dr. Arbuthnot therefore quitted Scotland, and went to reside at Doncaster, where, however, he met with so little success that he speedily left, and coming to London found an abode in the house of Mr. William Pate, a "learned" woollen draper. He commenced his career in town by teaching mathematics, but the appearance in 1695 of Dr. Woodward's "Essay towards a Natural History of the Earth," containing, as Arbuthnot thought, an account of the deluge wholly inconsistent with truth, induced him to publish a reply. This work not only excited much curiosity,

but had the further, and, as regarded his interests, the more important, effect of attracting attention towards himself, and giving him no small degree of literary fame. Soon after the publication of this work, Arbuthnot commenced practice in the metropolis, and, as his contemporaries testify, with every qualification to ensure success. His extensive learning, and facetious and agreeable conversation, introduced him by degrees to practice, and he soon became eminent in the profession. Being accidentally at Epsom when Prince George of Denmark was suddenly taken ill, he was called to his assistance. The doctor's advice was successful, and the prince recovering employed him ever afterwards as his physician. In 1709, upon the indisposition of Dr. Hannes, Arbuthnot was appointed physician in ordinary to queen Anne, and as such was admitted a Fellow of the College of Physicians, 27th April, 1710. He was Censor in 1723, delivered the Harveian oration in 1727, and was named an Elect in place of Dr. Slare, deceased, 5th October, 1727.

Dr. Arbuthnot's gentle manners, extensive learning, and excellent talents, introduced him to the intimate acquaintance and warm friendship of the most celebrated literary characters of his time-to Pope, Swift, Gay, and Parnell, whom he met as a member of the Scriblerus club. In 1714 he engaged with Pope and Swift in a design to write a satire on the abuse of human learning in every branch, which was to have been executed in the manner of Cervantes, under the history of feigned adventures. But a stop was put to this project by the queen's death, when they had only drawn out an imperfect essay towards it, under the title of "The First Book of the Memoirs of Martinus Scriblerus." Dr. Warburton

tells us that "Gulliver's Travels," "The Treatise of the Profound," the "Literary Criticism on Virgil," and the "Memoirs of a Parish Clerk," are only so many detached parts and fragments of this work. The same writer does not hesitate to declare that polite letters never lost more than by the defeat of this scheme, in which each of this illustrious triumvirate would have found exercise for his own peculiar talent, beside constant employment for that they all had in common. Arbuthnot was skilled in everything that related to science; Pope was master of the fine arts; and Swift excelled in knowledge of the world wit they had all in equal measure, and so abundant a degree, that no age, perhaps, ever produced three men on whom nature had more bountifully bestowed it, or in whom art had brought it to higher perfection. The queen's death, and the disasters which fell upon his friends on that occasion, deeply affected Arbuthnot's spirits, and to divert his melancholy he paid a visit to his brother at Paris. His stay there, however, was but short; he returned to London, and having lost his former residence at St. James's, took a house in Dover-street. He continued to practise his profession with good reputation, and diverted his leisure hours in writing papers of wit and humour. In 1732 he contributed towards detecting and punishing the frauds and abuses which had been carried on under the name of the "Charitable Corporation."

In 1734, having then for some years suffered severely from asthma, he retired to Hampstead, in hopes of finding some relief from his symptoms, but he died at his house in Cork-street, in February, 1735, and was buried at St. James's Piccadilly. A fine portrait of Dr. Arbuthnot, presumed to be by

Jervas, is in the possession of Dr. Turton, bishop of Ely; and an engraving of him, now exceedingly scarce, is mentioned by Mr. Wadd as being in the collection of Sir William Musgrave, bart.

Few men have been more esteemed during life than Arbuthnot, none have left behind them a higher character for learning, or for the most elevated social, moral, and religious virtues. "He was," says Dr. Johnson, "a man of great comprehension: skilful in his profession, versed in the sciences, acquainted with ancient literature, and able to animate his mass of knowledge by a bright and active imagination— a scholar with great brilliance of wit-a wit who in the crowd of. life retained and discovered a noble ardour of religious zeal." Swift said of him, "that he was a man who could do everything but walk;" and Dugald Stewart testifies to Arbuthnot's ability in a department of which he was peculiarly qualified to judge: "Let me add," says he, "that in the list of philosophical reformers, the authors of 'Martinus Scriblerus' ought not to be overlooked. Their happy ridicule of the scholastic logic and metaphysics is universally known; but few are aware of the acuteness and sagacity displayed in their allusions to some of the most vulnerable passages in Locke's Essay. In this part of the work it is commonly understood that Arbuthnot had the principal share."

Dr. Arbuthnot was the author of

On the Laws of Chance, or a Method of Calculation of the Hazards of Game plainly demonstrated. 8vo. Lond. 1692.

An Examination of Dr. Woodward's Account of the Deluge, &c. with a comparison between Steno's philosophy and the Doctor's, in the case of marine bodies dug up out of the earth. 8vo. Lond. 1695.

Tables of Ancient Coins, Weights, and Measures. 4to. Lond. 1727. An Essay on the Nature of Aliments and the Choice of them, with