As the direct intercourse between the United States and GreatBritain, was open but a part of the year 1810, only about thirty-six millions of pounds was shipped directly to that country. During that year, however, more than five millions was shipped to Sweden; more than fourteen millions to Denmark and Norway; about nine millions to Spain, Portugal, and Madeira; four millions, to the Azores, and ten millions to the Floridas; the greatest part of which undoubtedly went to Great-Britain.

Europe is, and always must be, dependent upon other quarters of the world, for a supply of cotton. The climate is, for the most part, too cold for the production of this valuable plant. Some small quantities have been raised in the southern parts of Spain and Italy. The French government, under Bonaparte, attempted to introduce the culture of it in France. In 1807, a distinguished agriculturalist, Monsieur Lasteyric, was employed by the French government to give instructions, relative to the culture of the cotton plant. He accord ingly published a treatise on the subject, entitled "Du Cotonnier, et de sa culture," in which he gives an account of the various kinds of cotton, in different parts of the world, and the modes of cultivating it. The Minister of the Interior also, at the same time, sent a circular letter to the Prefects of all the Departments, requesting their particular attention, to the cultivation of cotton, and informing them that he had sent for cotton seed, to Spain, Italy, and North-America, to be distributed to the different departments, and offering a premi

um of one franc* for every killogramme (two pounds English) of cotton raised and cleaned ready for spinning. It is understood that the experiment, if ever made, did not succeed. France has received a great part of her cotton fabrics, particularly those of the finer kind, from Great-Britain. Monsieur Lasteyric himself states that the value of cotton goods imported into France from England in 1806, amounted to 65,000,000 francs, or about $13,000,000.

He also states the quantity of cotton imported into France, from the year 5 of the republic, (1796) to 1806, to be as follows, viz.—

year 14, and the whole of 1806,11,850,000 which came from

Four millions of

0,000

The annual average of cotton, therefore, imported into France from 1796 to 1806, was only fifteen million seven hundred ninetyfour thousand and eight hundred pounds. The whole quantity imported into France during this period, did not exceed the quantity exported from the United States in the years 1810 and 1811.

A franc is about twenty cents, making a premium of about ten cents for a pound of cotton.

The following is the quantity exported from the United States to

The manufacture of cotton has increased, and is still increasing very rapidly, in the United States. The quantity consumed in this country, on the average of the years 1811, 1812, and 1813, cannot be less than twenty millions of pounds.

FLAX-SEED, INDIGO, &c. &c.

The other articles of export, the produce of agriculture, are flaxseed, indigo, wax, flax, poultry, &c. The principal of these are flaxseed and indigo. In the year 1770, three hundred twelve thousand six hundred and twelve bushels of flax-seed were exported from the North-American Colonies, of which six thousand seven hundred and eighty went to England, three hundred five thousand and eightythree to Ireland, and seven hundred forty-nine to the South of Europe. The custom-house value of it was then £31,168 18 1 sterling, or about $139,000.

The following is an account of the quantity exported from the United States from 1791 to 1814, with its value since 1803, viz.—

Flax-seed has been generally shipped to Ireland.

INDIGO.

Indigo was one of the principal articles of produce and export from South-Carolina and Georgia, before the planting of cotton in those states became an object of so much importance.

The culture of it was introduced into South-Carolina about the year 1741 or 1742, and that state is indebted to a lady for the introduction of this valuable plant. An account of the manner of its introduction is given by Doct. Ramsay in his history of South-Carolina, and serves to shew, among other instances, how much a nation oftentimes is indebted for its wealth to the exertions and perseverance of a single individual.

"The second great staple of Carolina (says the Doctor) was Indigo. Its original native country was Hindostan; but it had been naturalized in the West-India Islands, from which it was introduced into Carolina by Miss Eliza Lucas the mother of Major General Charles Cotesworth Pinckney.

"Her father, George Lucas, Governour of Antigua, observing her fondness for the vegetable world, frequently sent to her tropical seeds and fruits, to be planted for her amusement on his plantation at Wappoo. Among others he sent her some indigo seed as a subject of experiment.

"She planted it in March 1741 or 1742. It was destroyed by frost. She repeated the experiment in April; this was cut down by a worm. Notwithstanding these discouragements she persevered, and her third attempt was successful. Governour Lucas, on hearing that the plant had seeded and ripened, sent from Montserrat a man, by the name of Cromwell, who had been accustomed to the making of indigo, and engaged him at high wages to come to Carolina, and let his daughter see the whole process for extracting the dye from the weed. This professed indigo maker built vats on Wappoo creek, and there made the first indigo that was formed in Carolina. It was but indifferent.

"Cromwell repented of his engagement, as being likely to injure his own country; made a mystery of the business, and, with the hope of deceiving, injured the process by throwing in too much lime. Miss Lucas watched him carefully, and also engaged Mr. Deveaux to superintend his operations. Notwithstanding the duplicity of Cromwell, a knowledge of the process was obtained. Soon after Miss Lucas had completely succeeded in this useful project, she married Charles Pinckney; and her father made a present of all the indigo on his plantation, the fruit of her industry, to her husband. The