CONTENTS

OF

No. 462.-JANUARY, 1920.

ART. 1.-CHINA AND THE POWERS

1. The International Relations of the Chinese Empire.

By H. B. Morse. Three vols. Longmans, 1910-18.

2. Ma Mission en Chine, 1894-97. By A. Gérard. Paris:

Plon-Nourrit, 1918.

ART. 2.-ARMY EDUCATION

1. L'Armée Nouvelle.

By Jean Jaurès. Paris: Rouff,

1915 (first published 1910).

2. Report of Imperial Education Conference (June 11

and 12, 1919). London, 1919.

ART. 3.-THE EFFECT OF A CAPITAL LEVY ON TRADE

AND INDUSTRY

PAGE

- 1

26

42

ART. 4.-A BYZANTINE BLUESTOCKING: ANNA COMNENA 62

1. Nicephori Bryennii Commentarii. Bonn: Weber, 1836.

2. Michaelis Attaliota Historia. Bonn: Weber, 1853.

And other works.

ART. 5.-MODERN SPIRITUALISM

1. Raymond: or Life and Death. By Sir Oliver J.

Lodge. Methuen, 1916.

2. Experiments in Psychical Research at Leland Stan-

ford Junior University. By John Edgar Coover.

Stanford University, California, 1917.

And other works.

ART. 6.-DESPATCHES OF SIR DOUGLAS HAIG

82

1. Sir Douglas Haig's Despatches. Edited by Lt-Col

J. H. Boraston, with an Introduction by Marshal

Foch. Two vols. London: J. M. Dent & Co., 1919.

2. Les Principes de la Guerre. By Marshal Foch.

Paris: Berger-Levrault. 3rd edition, 1911.

379732

PAGE

- 122

ART. 7.-FEMALE INTEMPERANCE

First Report of the Liquor Control Board (Liquor

Traffic) appointed under the Defence of the Realm

Amendment (No. 3) Act [Cd. 8117], Oct. 12, 1915.

Second Report [Cd. 8243], 1916. Third Report [Cd.

8558], 1917. Fourth Report [Cd. 9055], 1918.

ART. 8.-ROAD TRAFFIC IN GREAT CITIES

ART. 9.-THE ECONOMIC FUTURE OF THE SCOTTISH

HIGHLANDS

1. Statistical Account of Scotland.

Sinclair. Edinburgh, 1791-99.

Ed. Sir John

2. New Statistical Account of Scotland. Edinburgh:

Blackwood, 1845.

140

153

And other works.

ART. 10.-THE JEWS AS A REVOLUTIONARY LEAVEN

- 172

ART. 11.-LORD FISHER AND HIS WORK

- 188

1. Memories. By Admiral of the Fleet Lord Fisher.

Hodder and Stoughton, 1919.

2. Records. By Admiral of the Fleet Lord Fisher.

Hodder and Stoughton, 1919.

ART. 12.-CHURCH UNION IN SCOTLAND

ART. 13.-EINSTEIN ON TIME AND SPACE -

ART. 14. THE ARMENIANS: THEIR PAST AND FUTURE

ART. 15-NOTES OF A RECENT VISIT TO GERMANY

THE

QUARTERLY REVIEW.

No. 462.-JANUARY, 1920.

Art. 1.-CHINA AND THE POWERS.

1. The International Relations of the Chinese Empire. By H. B. Morse. Three vols. Longmans, 1910-18. 2. Ma Mission en Chine, 1894-97. By A. Gérard. Paris: Plon-Nourrit, 1918.

WHEN Cæsar passed the Rubicon he knew the significance of his act, but many of the Rubicons of history have been unknowingly crossed under the guidance of leaders who had nothing more in view than a slight change of position. So it was when in the year 1834 His Majesty's Government, having abolished the East India Company's monopoly of British trade with China, appointed Superintendents to exercise the control previously in the hands of the Company's representatives. All that was intended was a readjustment of administrative machinery, but the action taken led, directly and inevitably, to the breaking down of the ancient wall of Chinese seclusion, with all the consequences this has entailed.

Of the earlier stages of the conflict thus unostentatiously, and in fact inadvertently, opened, Mr Morse is far from being the first historian, but he is in many respects peculiarly well equipped for the task. His knowledge of China was acquired during long years of service under the Chinese Government, so that he is in no danger of ignoring the Chinese point of view, while, as shown by his other works, he has made a special study of Chinese finance and commerce, the fruits of which are visible in his admirable elucidations of the intricate details of taxation and revenue. And, as England was Vol. 233.-No. 462.

B