to distinguish the use and abuse
of astronomy, 159
Islip, Simon, archbp. of Canterbury,
plan of, resembling that of Hugh
Balsham, 265; attempts to com-
bine seculars and regulars at Can-
terbury Hall, 266; expels the
monks, ib.
Italy, universities of, formed on
the model of Bologna, 74; pro-
gress of learning in, in the latter
part of the 15th century, 428;
general depravity of, in the 16th
century, 431; praise bestowed by
Erasmus on, 474; character of her
scholarship in the early part of
16th century, 475 and n. 3
James, Tho. (Bodleian librarian),
his extravagant estimate of the
fourteenth century, 205, n. 2
Jerome, St., originator of monasticism
in the Latin Church, 3; Vulgate of,
much used in the Middle Ages, 22;
preferred by Erasmus to Augustine,
501; denounced by Luther as a
heretic, 598 and n. 3
Jesus College, foundation of, 320;
succeeds to the dissolved nunnery
of St. Rhadegund, 321; the site
originally not included in Cam-
bridge, ib. n. 3; statutes of, given
by Stanley, bp. of Ely, 321; sub-
sequently considerably altered by
bp. West, ib.; oath required of
master of, 454; oath required of
fellows of, 455; election of Cran-
mer to a fellowship at, when a
widower, 612, n. 3
Jews, the, instrumental in intro-
ducing the Arabian commentators
into Christian Europe, 91
Johannes à Lapide, maintains the
realistic cause at Basel, 417
John of Salisbury, see Salisbury
John Scotus Erigena, see Erigena
John the Deaf, pupil of Drogo, 70;
instructor of Roscellinus, ib.
John XXII, pope, recognises Cam-
bridge as a studium generale, 145
Jonson, Ben, his allusion to William
Shyreswood, the logician, quoted,
177
Jordanus, general of the Dominican
order at Paris, 107
Jourdain, M. Amable, his essay on
the Latin translations of Aristotle,
93; method employed by him in
his investigations, ib.; conclusions
arrived at by, 94
Jourdain, M. Charles, testimony of,
to the completeness of his father's
researches in reference to the Latin
translations of Aristotle, 93, n. 1
Joye, George, fell. of Peterhouse,
accused of studying Origen, 598,
n. 4; his flight to Strassburg, 605;
character of, 606
Julianus, Andreas, pronounces the
funeral oration of Chrysoloras,
396
Julius II, pope, dissolves the Hos-
pital of St. John, 467
Justinian, code of, survives the dis-
ruption of the Empire, 36
Juvenal, lectures on, by Gerbert at
Rheims, 44; four copies of, in
library of Christchurch, Canter-
bury, 104
Kemble, Mr., on the Benedictines in
England, 81
Kilkenny, William of, a benefactor
of the Hospital of St. John the
Evangelist, 223; founder of the
earliest university exhibition, ib.
Kilwardby, archbp. of Canterbury,
condemnation of doctrines of Aver-
röes under, 121; a student at the
university of Paris, 134
King's College, scholars of, forbidden
to favour the doctrines of Wyclif
or Pecock, 296, n. 4; foundation of,
by Henry vi, 305; endowments of,
largely taken from the alien prio-
ries, ib.; statutes of, 306; com-
missioners appointed to prepare
the statutes of, ib.; their resigna-
tion, ib.; William Millington first
provost of, ib.; his ejection, ib.;
statutes of, borrowed from those of
New College, 307; their character,
ib.; attributed to Chedworth by
some, by Mr. Williams to Wain-
fleet, ib. n. 1; provisions of the
statutes of, 308; verbosity of the
statutes of, ib. n. 1; students at,
must have already gained a know-
ledge of grammar, ib. n. 2; special
privileges and exemptions granted
to, 309; bequest to, by cardinal
Beaufort, 310; struggle between
the scholars of, and the university,
ib.; final victory of the college in
1457, ib.; effects of these privileges
on the character of the foundation,
311; its discipline more monastic
than that of any other Cambridge
college, ib. n. 2; wealth of the
foundation, 312 and n. 1; Wood-
lark, provost of, 317; precedent
contained in statutes of, for oath
against dispensations, 456
King's College chapel, erection of,
451, n. 1
King's Hall, foundation of, 252;
early statutes of, given by Richard
II, 253; limitation as to age in,
ib.; other provisions in, 254; the
foundation probably designed for
sons of the wealthier classes, ib.;
liberal allowance for commons at,
ib.; not visited by commission of
archbp. Arundel, 258, n. 1; irregu-
larities at, in 14th century, 288
Lactantius, resemblance of the Li-
bellus de Antichristo to his Insti-
tutions, 16, n. 1
Lambert, John, fell. of Queens', one
of Bilney's converts, 563
Lancaster, duke of, alderman' of
the gild of Corpus Christi at Cam-
bridge, 249
Lanfranc, archbp. of Canterbury,
hostile to pagan learning, 18; his
opposition to Berengar, 47; his
views contrasted with those of
Berengar, 48; his Latinity supe
rior to that of a subsequent age,
57; founds secular canons at St.
Gregory's, 163, n. 1
Langham, Simon, archbishop of
Canterbury, expels the seculars
from Canterbury Hall, 266
Langton, John, chancellor of the
university, resigns his appoint-
ment as commissioner at King's
College, 306; his motives in so
doing, 309
Langton, Stephen, a student at the
university of Paris, 134
Languedoc, its common law founded
upon the civil law, 38, n. 1
Laon, Collége de, a foundation of
the 14th century in Paris, 128
Lascaris, Constantine, his success as
a teacher at Messana, 430; his
Greek Grammar, 431
Latin, importance of a knowledge of,
at the medieval universities, 139;
style of writers before the thir-
teenth century compared with that
of those of a later date, 171, n. 1;
its colloquial use among students
imperative, 371; authors on which
the classical lecturer of C. C.
C., Oxford, was required by bp.
Fox to lecture, 521, n. 2
Latimer, Hugh, fell. of Clare, cha-
racter given by, to Bilney, 362;
his early career and character,
581; he attacks Melanchthon, ib.;
his position in the university, ib.;
is converted by Bilney, ib.; his
intimacy with Bilney, 582; effects
of his example, ib.; his sermon
before West, 583; evades West's
request that he will preach against
Luther, ib.; is inhibited by him
from preaching, 584; preaches in
the church of the Augustinian
friars, ib.; is summoned before
Wolsey in London, ib.; is licensed
by the cardinal to preach, ib.; ne-
gotiates respecting the appoint-
ment to the high stewardship, ib.
n. 3; Sermons on the Card by, 609;
controversy of, with Buckenham,
610; favored the king's cause' in
the question of the divorce, 611
Latimer, Wm., declines the office of
Greek preceptor to bp. Fisher, 519
Launoy, in error with respect to the
particular writings of Aristotle first
condemned at Paris, 97, n. 1
Lavater, criticism of, on the portraits
of Erasmus, 490
Laymen, not recognisable as an ele-
ment in the original universities,
166, n. 1
Lechler, Dr., his comparison of Oc-
cam with Bradwardine, 205, n. 1;
on Wyclif's original sentiments to-
wards the Mendicants, 269, n. 1
Le Clerc, M. Victor, his favorable
view of the knowledge of Latin
literature in the Middle Ages, 21,
n. 1; statement by, respecting the
prevalence of the civil law, 38, n.
1; on the continuance of the mo-
nastic and episcopal schools sub-
sequent to the university era, 70,
n. 2; on the secular associations
of the university of Paris, 79, 80;
his account of the early colleges at
Paris, 129-31; his argument in
reply to Petrarch quoted, 214, n. 1
Lectures, designed to prepare the
student for disputations, 361;
ordered to be given in Christ's
College in long vacation, 460
Lecturing, ordinarie, cursorie, and
extraordinarie, explained, 358 and
Append. (E); two principal modes
of, 359
Lee, archbp., alarm of, on the ap-
pearance of Tyndale's New Testa-
ment, 599
Legere, meaning of the term, 74
Leipsic, university of, division into
⚫ nations' at,79, n. 2; foundation of,
282, n. 2; adopts the curriculum of
study at Prague, ib.; less distracted
by the nominalistic controversies,
416; fame of R. Croke at, 527
Leland, John, on the intercourse be-
tween Paris and Oxford, 134
Leo x, proclamation of indulgences
by, in 1516, 556
Léon Maitre, on the decline of the
episcopal and monastic schools,
68, n. 1; his theory denied, 69
Lever, Tho., master of St John's, his
sermon at Paul's Cross quoted, 368,
n. 2; quoted in illustration of col-
lege life, 370
Lewes, Mr. G. H., his supposition
respecting the use of Lucretius in
the Middle Ages, 21, n. 1; his criti-
cism of Isidorus, 31; criticism of
his application of Cousin's dictum
respecting the origin of the scho-
lastic philosophy, 50; his miscon-
ception of the origin of the dispute
respecting Universals, 54 and n. 2;
notice of Roger Bacon's opinions
by, 114, n. 2
Libraries, destruction of those found-
ed by Theodore, Hadrian, and
Benedict by the Danes, 81; college,
their contents in the fourteenth
and fifteenth centuries, 325, 370;
see University Library
Library presented to Trinity Hall by
bishop Bateman, 243
Lily, Wm., regarded by Polydore
Virgil as the true restorer of Greek
learning in England, 480
Linacre lectureships, foundation of,
603; misapplication of estates of,
ib. n. 2; present regulations con-
cerning, ib.
Linacre, Wm., pupil of Selling at
Christchurch, Canterbury, 478; and
of Vitelli at Oxford, ib.; accompanies
Selling to Italy, ib.; becomes a
pupil of Politian at Florence, ib.;
makes the acquaintance of Hermo-
laus Barbarus at Rome, 479; pro-
bable results of this intimacy, ib.;
his return to Oxford, ib.; his
claims to be regarded as the re-
storer of Greek learning in Eng-
land, 480; obligations of Erasmus
to, ib.; a staunch Aristotelian, 481;
preferred Quintilian's style to that
of Cicero, 529, n. 1; death of, 602
Lisieux, Collége de, foundation of,
'Little Logicals,' the, much studied
at Cambridge before the time of
Erasmus, 515; see Parva Logi-
calia
LL.D., origin of the title, 39
Logic, conclusions of, regarded by
Lanfranc as to be subordinated to
authority, 47; pernicious effects
of too exclusive attention to, 48;
proficiency in, required of candi-
dates for fellowships at Peterhouse,
231; works on, less common than
might be expected in the medieval
Cambridge libraries, 326; increased
attention given to, with the intro-
duction of the Nova Ars, 343; and
with that of the Summulæ, ib.;
baneful effects of excessive atten-
tion formerly given to, 365; trea-
tise on, by Rudolphus Agricola, 410,
412; extravagant demands of the
defenders of the old, 516
Lollardism at Cambridge, 259; ex-
travagances of the later professors
of, 273; not the commencement of
the Reformation, 274; brings popu-
lar preaching under suspicion, 438
Lombard, Peter, the compiler of the
Sentences, 59; archbp. of Paris,
ib.; accused of plagiarism from
Abelard, ib. n. 2; thought to have
copied Pullen, ib.; honour paid to
his memory, 63; a pupil of Abe-
lard, 77, n. 1
Lorraine, foundation of secular col-
leges in, 160
Louis of Bavaria, shelters Occam on
his flight from Avignon, 195
Louis, St., his admiration of the
Mendicant orders, 89
Louvain, university of, foundation
of, 282, n. 2; site of, chosen by
the duke of Brabant on account
of its natural advantages, 339,
n. 3; praised by Erasmus, 476;
character of its theology, ib.;
foundation of the collegium tri-
lingue at, 565; conduct of the con-
servative party at, 566 and n. 1
Lovell, sir Tho., executor to the
countess of Richmond, 464; his
character by Cavendish, 465
Luard, Mr., on the forgeries that im-
posed upon Grosseteste, 110
Lucan, lectures on, by Gerbert, at
Rheims, 44
Lupus, bishop of Ferrières, his la-
ment over the low state of learn-
ing in his age, 20; his literary
activity, ib.
Luther, Martin, his observation on
Erasmus, 488; early treatises of,
569; advises the rejection of the
Sentences, ib. n. 1; and also of the
moral and natural treatises of
Aristotle, ib.; rapid spread of his
doctrines in England, 570; his
writings submitted to the decision
of the Sorbonne, ib.; condemned
by them to be burnt, ib. n. 1;
Wolsey considers himself not au-
thorised to burn them, ib.; burns
the papal bull at Wittenberg, ib.;
his writings submitted to the Lon-
don Conference, 571; condemned
by the Conference, ib.; burnt at
Paul's Cross, ib.; and at Oxford
and Cambridge, ib.; absorbing at-
tention given to his writings
throughout Europe, 585; his doc-
trines frighten the moderate party
into conservatism, 589; his con-
troversy with Erasmus, ib.
Lydgate, John, verses of, on Founda-
tion of the university of Cam-
bridge, Append. (A)
Lyons, council of, decrees that only
the four chief orders of Mendi-
cants shall continue to exist, 228
Lyttelton, lord, causes to which the
aggrandisement of the monasteries
in England is attributed by, 87
Macaulay, lord, on Norman in-
fluences in England prior to the
Conquest, 67
Macrobius, correction of copy of, by
a correspondent of Lupus of Ferri-
ères, 20; numerous copies of, in
libraries of Bec and Christchurch,
Canterbury, 104
Magister Glomeria, duties perform-
ed by the, 140; nature of his
functions, 340
Maimonides, Moses, his Dux Per-
plexorum much used by Aquinas,
Maitland, Dr., his defence of the
mediæval theory with respect to
the pursuit of secular learning, 18
Maitre, Léon, on the revival at the
commencement of the eleventh
century, 46, n. 1
Major, John, a resident at the Col-
lège de Montaigu, 368; alleged
reason of his choice of Christ's
College, 445
Malden, prof., on the various appli-
cations of the term Universitas,
71; on the sanction of the pope as
necessary to the catholicity of a
university degree, 78
Malmesbury, William of, his com-
ment on the state of learning in
England after the death of Bede, 81
Manlius, see Boethius
Mansel, dean, his dictum respecting
nominalism and scholasticism, 197
Manuscripts, ancient, preservation
of, largely due to Charlemagne, 15
Map, Walter, a satirist of the Cis-
tercians, 86, n. 1
Margaret, the lady, countess of Rich-
mond, her lineage described by
Baker, 434; appoints Fisher her
confessor, 435; her character, ib.;
founds a professorship of divinity
at both universities, ib.; founds a
preachership at Cambridge, 440;
her design in connexion with West-
minster Abbey, 444; founds Christ's
College, 446; visits the university
in 1505, 448; visits it a second
time in 1506, ib. ; anecdote told by
Fuller respecting, ib. n. 2; pro-
poses to found St. John's College,
462; obtains consent of king Henry
to the revocation of her grants to
Westminster Abbey, ib.; her death,
463; her statue in Westminster
Abbey, ib.; her epitaph by Eras-
mus, ib.; funeral sermon for, by
Fisher, ib.; her character, 464;
her executors, ib.
Margaret, lady, preachership, found-
ed, 440; regulations of, ib.
Margaret, lady, professorship, found-
ed, 435; original endowment of,
436; regulations of, ib.
Marisco, Adam de, a teacher of Wal-
ter de Merton, 163; nominated by
Hen. I to the bishopric of Ely,
223; his death, 224; compared
with Hugh Balsham, ib.; warmly
praised by Roger Bacon, ib. n. 2
Marsh, bp., misconception of, with
reference to Tyndale's New Testa-
ment, 569 and n. 3
Martianus, Capella, his treatise De
Nuptiis, 23; course of study de-
scribed therein, 24; his errors in
geography, 26; compared with
Boethius, 27; copies of, at Christ-
church, Canterbury, 100
Martin v, pope, issues the bull in
the Barnwell Process, 288
Mass, the, fellows required to qualify
themselves for celebration of, 243
Master of a college, limited restric-
tions originally imposed on the
authority of, 372; the office often
combined with other preferments,
ib.; restrictions imposed on his
authority at Christ's College, 454;
oath required of, at Jesus College,
ib.
Mathematics, importance attached to
the study of, by Roger Bacon, 158;
studies in, in 14th and 15th cen-
turies, 351
Maurice, prof., his view of the in-
fluence of the schools of Charle-
magne, 40, n. 1; criticism of the
philosophy of John Scotus Eri-
gena by, 41; twelfth century cha-
racterised by, 58; his criticism of
the Sentences quoted, 61; on the
contrast between the Dominicans
and Franciscans, 89, n. 1
Mayence, archbp. of, a patron of
Richard Croke, 532
Mayronius, a scholastic text-book in
the English universities, 186
M.D., former requirements for the
degree of, 365
Medicine, a flourishing study in Mer-
ton College in the fifteenth cen-
tury, 168; see Linacre Lectures
Melanchthon, Philip, oration of, at
Wittenberg, 537; arguments of, in
favour of the study of arithmetic,
592; study of his works enjoined
at Cambridge, 630
Molton, Wm. de, master of Michael-
house, 422
Mendicant orders, institution of the,
88-91; spirit of the, compared
with that of the Benedictines, 89;
contrasted by prof. Maurice, 81,
n. 1; rapid extension of, 90; their
conduct at Paris, 106, 119; rapid
decline of their popularity, 146;
their conduct as described by Mat-
thew Paris, 147; their contempt
for the monastic orders, 149; their
rapid degeneracy, 151; their pro-
selytism among young students,
221; their policy at the universi-
ties, 262; their defeat at Oxford,
ib.; statute against them at Cam-
bridge, 263; their appeal to par-
liament, ib.; the statute rescinded,
ib.; exclusive privileges gained by,
264;
nature of exemptions from
university statutes claimed by,
ib. n. 1; advantages possessed by,
over the university in respect of
accommodation for lectures, 300;
immunities claimed by, perhaps
formed a precedent for those
claimed by King's College, 310
Mercator, forgery of Decretals by,
34
Merlin, his prophecy respecting Ox-
ford and Stamford, 135
Merton College, foundation of, 160;
distinguished from monastic found-
ations, 166; character of the edu-
cation at, 167; designed to sup-
port only those actually engaged
in study, 168; its statutes the mo-
del for other colleges, ib.; emi-
nence of its students, 169
Merton, Walter de, revives earl Ha-
rold's conception of secular col-
leges, 163; his character, ib.; na-
ture of his design, 164
Metcalfe, Nich., prosperity of St.
John's College under rule of, 623
Michaelhouse, foundation of, 234;
early statutes of, the earliest col-
lege statutes in the university, ib.;
printed in Appendix (D), ib. n. 2;
qualifications required in candi-
dates for fellowships at, 234; pro-
minence given to religious services
at, 235; John Fisher entered at,
422; prosperity of, in the 15th cen-
tury, 424
Michaud, on the influence of the
Crusades, 88, n. 1
Migrations, from Cambridge and Ox-
ford, 134; from universities, op-
posed on principle, 334
Millennium, anticipations excited by
close of the, 45
Millington, Wm., first provost of
King's, 295; bis character, ib, and n.
3; opposed to Reginald Pecock, ib.;
refuses his assent to the new sta-
tutes and is expelled, 306; his
reasons for dissatisfaction, accord-
ing to Cole, ib. n. 2; appointed by
king Henry to draw up statutes of
Queens' College, ib.; unable to as-
sent to the proposed independence
of the university claimed by King's
College, 306, 309
Milman, dean, criticism of the False
Decretals by, 34; on the influence
of the Pseudo-Dionysius, 42; on
the inevitable tendency of philoso-
phic speculation to revert to in-
quiries concerning the Supreme
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