TABLE XXI

THE BURDEN OF TAXATION

PER CAPITA TAXATION IN VARIOUS COUNTRIES ALLOWING FOR PRICES 1

(Adapted from Taxation and National Income-Bulletin No. 55 of the National Industrial Conference Board, New York, U.S.A.)

Because of the paucity of sufficiently comparable data, no attempt has been made to take cognisance of the price changes prior to the World War, i.e. internal purchasing power was considered more or less stationary, with changes deemed relatively insignificant for the general purposes at hand. The figures for each year were divided by the index number of wholesale prices in each country in the same period in order to arrive at pounds of pre-War purchasing power.

In the case of France, the fiscal year refers to the calendar year the major portion of which falls within the fiscal years of other governments, i.e. in the fiscal year 1902–3, the comparable fiscal year taken for France is 1902.

Fiscal year 1903-4.

In the calendar year 1921, which in this table corresponds to the 1921-22 of other countries, the per capita taxation on a pre-War purchasing power basis was £5.0.

The above figures generally include Central, Provincial or State and Local Governments as far as possible. The conversions from one currency to another have been at par of exchange.

• Estimates.

1 For details see Chapter XV.
2 Public Finance of the Dominion of Canada (H. E. Fisk, Bankers' Trust Company, N.Y., 1922).
"Wealth and Income of the Chief Powers" (Stamp, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, 1919).
"National Income and Taxation" (Bulletin No. 55, National Industrial Conference Board, N.Y.).
Cf. also Fisk, French Public Finance (B.T. Co.).
Economist, March 15, 1924.
8 Economist, April 5, 1924.
"Wealth and Income of the Chief Powers" (Stamp, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, 1919). One yen has been taken to be equal to 24 d.
10 This figure has been arrived at by multiplying the income for the pre-War year by the index number of wholesale prices.

11 The bulletin referred to in note 5 gives this as 12 per cent for 1919 on p. 51. But taxation in the United States was especially high in 1919.

1 The Economist, March 15, 1924, puts this at 16 per cent. But it should be noted that the Economist takes (29,000 m. francs) whole revenue and not tax revenue alone. 13 Inter-ally Debts, p. 290 (Fisk, Bankers' Trust Company Publication, New York, 1924).

1913-14. 1923-24. 1913-14. 1921-22. 1913-14. 1921-22. 1913-14. 1921-22. 1913-14. 1922-23. 1913-14. 1921-22.

France.

Italy.

Japan.

1913.

1923.

1913-14. 1923-24. 1913-14. 1921-22.