THE face and figure of WILLIAM PENN seem familiar to us all. His tall, athletic person, plain clothes, and benevolent countenance, as exhibited in the engraved portraits of him, have such an air of verisimilitude, that we can scarcely believe that they are "fancy sketches," and not real resemblances. Clarkson, indeed, says that "we have no portrait of him taken while alive" (Life, vol. ii. page 347, London, 1813), and refers to the bust carved in ivory by Sylvanus Bevan, after Penn's death, from which almost all the engraved portraits are in fact taken—we say "almost," because there is a whole length from West's picture, and a portrait "imprint of Quakers' Meeting, with other portraits," on a sheet, by Bowles after Hemskirk, both of which, it is unnecessary to say, have no claims to authenticity. Clarkson, however, was mistaken, when he says there was no portrait of William Penn "taken while he was alive." An authentic portrait exists, from which the very accurate engraving that accompanies this article has been made;strange to say, it looks like the personage who, by the charter of Charles, had "power" given to him to "levy, muster, and traine all sorts of men," "to make warr," and "to doe all and every other act and thing, which to the charge and office of a Captain-General of an army belongeth," and not the peaceful Quaker, to whom (himself half a Dutchman) this now flourishing commonwealth was granted, because of his father's aid in obtaining the victory over Admiral Opdam; in other words, for military services in successful warfare. The iron armour, lawn cravat, and flowing periwig of

the Cavalier, in this portrait, were the evidences of his hopes and wishes: it was painted in Ireland in 1666, where William Penn, then twenty-two years of age, went to take charge of some of his father's affairs. A mutiny having broken out in the garrison of Carrickfergus, the courage and forwardness of young Penn in aiding to repress it, induced the Duke of Ormond to offer him a company of infantry, which was then commanded by Sir William Penn, his father, whom the Duke requested to resign, that he might appoint his son. The correspondence, to be found in the 'Memorials of Sir William Penn," (vol. ii. p. 430, London, 1833,) shows the eagerness of the future Quaker to be Captain Penn; though his father declined to gratify his ambition by resigning. The portrait, however, was painted in military costume, and is now the property of the Historical Society of Pennsylvania, and is engraved by their permission. It was a gift to them by Granville Penn, Esq., the author of the "Memorials." The motto upon it is, "Pax quæritur bello"-significant enough-the date is "October 14th, 1666."

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With the scenes connected with the life and character of William Penn there is no difficulty in becoming acquainted. The works of man last longer than himself, and Nature preserves her identity if undisturbed by man's pursuits or pleasures. Hence we find and recognise readily, "Wanstead in Essex," where his childhood was passed (Cut No. 1), and in the old and silent village of Chigwell, the school at which he received the rudiments of his education. The exterior of this antique building is well known (Cut

No. 2), and its interior (Cut No. 3) may yet send forth other distinguished men for the improvement of mankind.

From Chigwell he returned home, and shortly after entered Christ Church as a gentleman commoner. He seems while there to have been slightly affected by what was then called "the heresy of Quakerism," though, indeed, one of the manifestations was a little out of the course of the tenets of that peace-professing sect, for he and his friend, Robert Spencer, abhorring the surplice, which the king directed should be worn, according to the custom of ancient times, by the students, fell upon

those who wore them, and tore them off their backs,-for which, of course, they were expelled the college. His father not very long afterwards sent the future "proprietary" to Paris, to receive that last polish, in those days deemed essential to the education of every gentleman, and, perhaps, to eradicate entirely the seeds of the sectarianism in his son which so much discomposed his wishes. We have little means of information as to his course of conduct in Paris. He has been accused of being not insensible to the pleasures and dissipations of that well-known capital, but he always denied the imputation. Sir John Robinson, the