woodcut taken from a model of the mouth shows the appearance before treatment :

In these cases the incisors are generally but very imperfectly developed, we therefore removed the centrals and considerably improved the mouth for the purposes of speech and mastication by fitting artificial teeth in their place, on the front piece of the velum. The artificial palate was then made, having the form shown in fig. 25. This was put in November, 1865, and has been worn with great comfort ever since. In less than a twelvemonth the articulation of every word and sound was perfect; and those most difficult letters, K and R, were pronounced with the

greatest ease and precision. The only thing that could not be overcome was the peculiar

The velum and hard rubber front piece ready for fitting into the mouth, showing all the overlap obtained, being on one side only and at the front.

nasal tone, very slight however, that results always from the malformation that occurs in the nose after the operation for hare-lip. Before the patient was put under treatment, his speech was quite unintelligible, even to many of his friends; yet after the mouth was restored to as symmetrical a form as under the circumstances was possible (see fig. 26), this gentleman by his own perseverance, unassisted by any one's tuition, acquired such clearness of utterance as to elicit expressions of the greatest astonishment at both the Medical and Chirurgical and Odontological Societies, before whose members he very kindly went through the alphabet and several difficult sentences. Within a short time of this he was elected an officer in a volunteer rifle corps, as well as a volunteer fire brigade, thus affording the best evidence of the ability he possessed to make

himself readily and perfectly understood by any one with whom he might come into contact.

The following drawing shows the two parts of the instrument separated, and also gives indication of the manner in which the hard and soft palates were restored to a proper form :

CASE IV.-Miss F; æt. 17.-This case re

F

sembled all the others as regards temperament

and complexion, though there was not much sensitiveness as regards the deformity, and unfortunately no ear for musical sounds, though the young lady played several instruments with ordinary accuracy and ability. There was also slight deafness, probably arising from inflammation of the mucous membrane around the Eustachian tubes, the inflammation having arisen from the great exposure of the parts to every change of temperature in consequence of the opening in the palate. The mouth, when presented for treatment, had the appearance shown in fig. 28.

septum of the interior nares where it was absent, also the posterior nares with its two openings.

The artificial velum and front piece attached by means of the platina pin.

By these means the mouth, nose, and upper part of the pharynx were restored to their natural