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Life Underwriters' Association of Chicago.

Life Underwriters' Association of Eastern New York.

Life Underwriters' Association of the District of Columbia.
Life Underwriters' Association of New Hampshire.

Life Underwriters' Association of St. Louis.

Life Underwriters' Association of Tennessee and Alabama.
Life Underwriters' Association of Western New York.
Louisiana Life Underwriters' Association.

Maine Life Underwriters' Association.

Michigan Life Insurance Agents' Association.
Minnesota Association of Life Underwriters.
Montreal Life Insurance Association.

Nebraska Life Underwriters' Association.
Ontario Life Underwriters' Association.

Philadelphia Association of Life Underwriters.

Pittsburgh Life Underwriters' Association.
Providence Life Underwriters' Association.

Southern California Life Underwriters' Association.
St. Louis Life Underwriters' Association.

Texas Life Underwriters' Association.

Vermont Association of Life Underwriters.
Wisconsin Life Insurance Agents' Association.

Life Underwriters, National Association of. [See National Association of Life Underwriters.]

Lincoln insurance company of Washington, D. C., was organized in 1890, with a cash capital of $100,000. The officers are Henry M. Baker, president; and Lew Towers, Jr., secretary.

Lion Fire insurance company, limited, of London, England, was organized in 1879 and began business in the United States in 1880. The charter authorizes fire insurance, and the capital amounts to $560,069. The United States trustees are Julius Catlin, New York; Francis B. Cooley and Rodney Dennis, Hartford. The American representatives of the company are M. Bennett, Jr., manager; James H. Brewster, assistant manager; William Sexton, manager Pacific coast department.

Little, Russell Mack, of Glens Falls, N. Y., president of the Glens Falls insurance company, died December 11, 1891. He was born in Middlefield, Mass., December 28, 1809, and entered the Methodist Episcopal ministry at the age of 19 years, remaining therein until 1839, when impaired health compelled his retirement. Engaging in business at Glens Falls, he became interested in fire underwriting, and was one of the founders of the Glens Falls Dividend Mutual insurance company in 1849, being elected its first secretary. The company was re-organized as the Glens Falls insurance company in 1864, with a capital stock of $100,000. In 1867, the capital was doubled and Mr. Little was elected president, retaining that position until his death.

Liverpool and London and Globe insurance company of Liverpool was granted its original deed of settlement May 21, and began business June 1, 1836, the name at the outset being "The Liverpool insurance company." In 1848, the title was changed, the insti

tution becoming "The Liverpool and London insurance company." The change was effected on account of the success experienced by the Liverpool in the British metropolis. When the business of the Globe insurance company was absorbed in 1864, the title was again changed, the present name, 'The Liverpool and London and Globe insurance company," being adopted. The deed of settlement authorized the transaction of Fire and Life insurance, both lines being conducted by the company in Great Britain. Its operations in the United States have been restricted to a regular fire business since 1882. For nearly twenty years prior to that time the company carried on a life business here and the deposit of $100,000 with the New York department for the benefit of policy-holders is still presented in the annual reports of the superintendent of insurance. The company's first agency in the United States was established in 1848. The first board of directors in New York was organized in 1851. Alfred Pell, who had represented the company in New York from the commencement of its business in 1848 was appointed resident secretary. Regular fire insurance was the original lines of business adopted. In 1851, agencies were established at Philadelphia and at other important points. The net fire premiums during the first year of the company's operations in the United States amounted to $4,519. In 1878, the net premiums aggregated $2,422,126. The loss experienced in the Chicago conflagration by the Liverpool and London and Globe was $3,239,091, and in the Boston fire in 1872, $1,427,290.

In 1871, J. E. Pulsford was appointed resident secretary, succeeding Alfred Pell, who became the manager of the company's business in the United States in 1848. Mr. Pulsford remained in control of the company's interests in this country until June 10, 1887, when his resignation of the place of resident manager, necessitated by his advanced age, was made public. The company offered him a seat at the board and made provision for his old age as a testimony of its appreciation of his past services and of respect for him personally. Henry W. Eaton was appointed resident manager, being advanced from the position of deputy under Manager Pulsford, and has since been in charge of the company's operations in the United States. George W. Hoyt is the deputy manager under Mr. Eaton. The resident secretaries are, Chicago office, George Crooke and William S. Warren; San Francisco office, Charles D. Haven; and New Orleans office, Henry V. Ogden, secretary, and Clarence F. Low, assistant. The general agents are James Hendrick, Albany, New York; Guild & Eastman, Boston; C. T. Lowndes & Co., Charleston, South Carolina; J. M. De Camp, Cincinnati, Ohio; Atwood Smith, Philadelphia; Davenport & Co., Richmond, Virginia; and Wood & Van Sant, Newark, New Jersey. The present New York board, officially representing the company, consists of Messrs. Charles H. Marshall, chairman, John A. Stewart, James E. Pulsford, John Crosby Brown, Edmund D. Randolph. During the forty-four years in which the company has been engaged in business in the United States it has received here $87,825,678 in premiums, and disbursed $52,740,048 on account of fire losses. The net cash premiums received in 1891 amounted to $4,813,522. The aggregate cash income for the year was $5,031,388; aggregate expenditures, $4,619,138. The amount of insurance in force December 3, 1891, was

$753,593,347. The total assets of the United States branch of the company were $7,862,847.

Live Stock insurance companies: There are three in the state of New York, all doing business on the assessment plan: the Ætna Live Stock insurance company of Glens Falls having $542,356 insurance in force; Empire State Mutual Live Stock insurance company of Olean, having $131,688 insurance in force, and People's Mutual Live Stock insurance company of Buffalo, having $389,313 insurance in force.

Lloyd, James F., manager of the Kentucky and Tennessee department of the United States Life insurance company of New York, died April 1, 1891.

Lloyd's Plate Glass insurance company of New York was incorporated in August, and began business September 4, 1882, the original paid-up capital being $100,000. The charter authorizes plate glass insurance, to which the company exclusively confines its attention. The officers are J. G. Beemer, president; D. B. Halstead, vice-president; and W. T. Woods, secretary. The directors are James G. Beemer, Thomas W. Strong, James S. Oakley, Charles Jones, John H. Seed, Daniel B. Halstead, John J. Drake, Thos. S. Thorp, George M. Olcott, Samuel A. Warner, Henry Coffin, William D. Chase, Benja min J. Sturges, William A. Nash, Frederick A. Guild, and Henry B. Hall.

Logan, Frank R., was appointed in October, 1891, general agent of the Phoenix Mutual Life insurance company of Hartford, with headquarters at Atlanta, Ga.

London Assurance Corporation of London, England, was admitted to the United States in 1872. The first American managers were Frame, Hare & Lockwood of New York city. The present officers and managers are: in London, fire manager, James Clunes; secretary, Frederick Carpenter; marine underwriter, J. S. Mackintosh; actuary, A. H. Bailey; in the United States, fire department manager, George H. Marks of New York city; marine department, C. L. Despard, New York city; western department, C. L. Case of Chicago; Pacific coast department, G. F. Grant of San Francisco. George William Campbell is the governor, Henry J. B. Kendall, subgovernor, and Howard Gilliat, deputy-governor of the corporation. The directors are Charles G. Arbuthnot, Otto August Benecke, Robert Henry Benson, William T. Brand, Alfred Clayton Cole, George B. Dewhurst, Henry Lloyd Gibbs, Robert Gillespie, Henry Goschen, Edwin Gower, A. C. Guthrie, Robert Henderson, Louis Huth, Frederic Lubbock, Admiral Sir F. Leopold McClintock, Greville H. Palmer, Howard Potter, Robert Ryrie, Albert G. Sandeman, D. P. Sellar, Col. Leopold R. Seymour, Gen. Sir Donald M. Stewart, Lewis A. Wallace, John Young. [For history of the corporation in detail see the Cyclopedia of Insurance for 1890].

Los Angeles Life Underwriters' association: At the annual meeting in June, 1891, F. B. Bickford was elected president; Edward Leake, first vice-president; R. H. Brown, second vice president; F. B. Manchester, secretary and treasurer. The name of the association has recently been changed to the Southern California Life Underwriters' Association.

Louisiana, Life Underwriters' Association of, was organized at New Orleans, December 10, 1891, the officers being T. H. Bowles, president; John G. Aiken, vice-president; W. T. Wheeler, secretary and treasurer; W. B. Krumbhaar, John R. Fell, and Henry Mordecai, executive committee.

Louisiana State Board of Underwriters: At the annual meeting held in New Orleans, October 27, 1891, W. R. Lyman was elected president; William M. Railey, vice-president; George Mather, secretary; W. R. Lyman, Wm. M. Railey, Thomas Sefton, A. A. Woods, Clarence F. Low, George H. Frost, and P. F. Pescud, executive committee. Instructions were adopted requiring an investigation of alleged violations of the rules, and the enforcement by the committee in future of the rates and rules promulgated by the board. Forty-two towns, nine special hazards remote from towns, and eighty-nine sugar houses had been rated since the organization of the board. Improvements have been made in risks throughout the state, princi pally in Shreveport, Jeanerette, Logansport, Monroe, and Baton Rouge.

Louisiana, Supervision of Insurance in: The Secretary of State is charged with the supervision of insurance interests in Louisiana, the department headquarters being located at New Orleans in charge of the assistant secretary. The constitution of 1879 required the removal of the State House to Baton Rouge, occasioning inconvenience in the transaction of business with the companies, nearly all of which had established headquarters in New Orleans. In order to facilitate supervision, a department was organized in New Orleans in charge of an assistant Secretary of State. Prior to 1879 the duties of the supervisor were performed by the Secretary of State. The assistant secretaries who have been detailed for the work of the department in New Orleans have been Col. Simeon Toby, who had charge from 1884 until 1891, and William B. Spencer. The latter was appointed Mr. Toby's successor in October.

Louisville Germania insurance company of Louisville, Kentucky, was organized in 1872. The capital is $100,000. The officers are Pierre Vigilini, president, J. L. Deppew, Sr., vice-president, and William Kelday, Jr., secretary.

Louisville insurance company of Louisville, Kentucky, was organized in 1872. The capital is $100,000. The officers are Theodore Harris, president, and M. A. Huston, secretary.

Lowden, W. H., president of the Fire Underwriters' Association of the Pacific was appointed in August, 1891, resident secretary of the North British and Mercantile insurance company at San Francisco.

Low, Herbert L., was appointed in December, 1891, Pacific Coast manager for the Transatlantic Fire insurance company of Hamburg.

Lumberman's insurance company of Philadelphia, was incorporated June 2, and began business in December, 1873. The capital is $250,000. Fire and inland and marine insurance are authorized by the charter, but the company has prosecuted only the former. The present officers are Lewis Davis, president; Thomas Williams, Jr., vice-presi

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dent; and Oliver H. Hill, secretary. The directors are Lewis Davis,
Thomas Williams, Jr., Benjamin H. Brown, James R. Gates, William
S. Taylor, George Watson, J. Gibson McIlvain, William C. Smyth,
Edmund Webster, John S. Stevens, Aaron Fries, and Henry C. Patter-

son.

Luper, George B., was appointed May 4, 1891, insurance commissioner of Pennsylvania, succeeding J. Montgomery Forster, who had been the incumbent of the office eighteen years, having been the first insurance commissioner of the state. The new commissioner was the

deputy for six years under Mr. Forster.

M

Macon Fire insurance company of Macon, Ga., was organized and began business in June, 1886, the amount of paid-up capital being $100,000. The company conducts a regular fire insurance business. The officers are S. S. Dunlap, president; R. E. Park, vice-president; and Edgar S. Wilson, secretary. W. G. Cain & Son are managers of the Texas department. The directors are S. S. Dunlap, R. E. Park, R. H. Plant, J. S. Baxter, H. J. Laman, Jr., H. T. Johnson, M. Nussbaum, S. Wagelbaum, and E. S. Wilson.

Magdeburg Fire insurance company of Magdeburg, Prussia, was organized in 1844 and began business in 1845, the charter authorizing fire insurance only. Gutte & Frank of San Francisco, California, are the department managers for the United States. The total capital subscribed is $3,750,000. R. Tschmarke is at the head of the company. Magdeburg General insurance company. [See Wilhelma of Magdeburg.]

Maine Benefit association of Auburn, Maine, was incorporated March 5, 1885, to do a life insurance business on the assessment plan. The present officers are George C. Wing, president; Wallace H. White, vice president; Nathan W. Harris, secretary and treasurer; and M. F. Ricker, manager. The company does business in Maine, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New York; E. H. Kent, New York City, manager, and Connecticut, George W. Staples, Hartford, manager. The amount of claims paid since organization is $587,000; reserve fund on deposit with the state treasurer of Maine, $60,200. The amount of insurance in force December 31, 1891, was $14,421,000.

Maine Insurance Report: The twenty-third annual report of the insurance commissioner of Maine, was issued May 15, 1891. The two Maine joint stock companies transacting business through the year ending December 31, 1890, were the Merchants and Union, both of Bangor, and both doing an ocean marine business. Twenty-seven mutual fire insurance companies made returns to the department for 1890. The Webster Mutual was engaged during the year in winding up its affairs. Three Mutual companies of other states were in the Maine field; sixty-nine joint stock fire companies of other states and twenty-three fire companies of foreign countries also reported. The

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