heir holders out a voice Co rooms, and n most cases he University escendants of ted; and they to Fellowships. s effected conpart open to a it than that of y limited to fi ellowships; a ecommuted f akes place aft the Oxford Uni don newspapers ed for excellence

Fellowships are vacated by marriage, except in the case of a Professor or Head of a Hall.

In addition to the above, there are four Fellowships tenable for fourteen years, and of the annual value of about £160. They are open, with certain limitations and under certain conditions in respect of literary proficiency, first to the kindred of the Founder (Dudley Fereday, Esq.); secondly, to natives of Staffordshire; and in case of a Founder's kin or Staffordshire candidate not satisfying the conditions, then to any other person whatsoever.

At Jesus there are thirteen Fellowships, of which one moiety is confined to natives of Wales or Monmouthshire, if any such be found of sufficient merit; the other moiety is open without such limitation. Candidates for all the Fellowships must have passed the Examinations required by the University for the degree of B.A. Four of the Fellows are allowed to be laymen, and all the Fellowships are vacated by marriage. (One of the Fellowships has been suspended for the purpose of founding the Professorship of Celtic.)

At Wadham there are fourteen Fellowships, which are open to all persons who have passed the Examinations required by the University for the degree of B.A. There is no restriction as to Holy Orders. The Fellowships are vacated by marriage: but the College is empowered to elect two Fellows who may retain their Fellowships, even though married, so long as they hold the office of Tutor, Lecturer, or Bursar. There are two Exhibitions, intended to promote the study of Law and of Medicine, to be held by Fellows (p. 97).

At Pembroke there are ten Fellowships, which are open to all persons who have passed the Examinations required by the University for the degree of B.A. Two of the Fellows are entitled Sheppard Fellows: of these, one must be called to the Bar, as soon as he lawfully can after his election; the other must proceed, as soon as he lawfully can, to the degree of Bachelor and Doctor of Medicine in the University. Four of the ten Fellows must be in Holy Orders, and all the Fellowships are vacated by marriage.

At Worcester the number of the Fellowships will ultimately be thirteen. They are open to all persons who have passed the Examinations required by the University for the degree of B.A., except that candidates for the Fellowships founded by Mrs. Sarah

Eaton must be sons of clergymen of the Church of England, and must not be possessed of any property or income exceeding £150 per annum. Two-thirds of the total number of the Fellows must be in Holy Orders; and all the Fellowships, except two when held by Professors, are vacated by marriage.

At Hertford there are eighteen Fellowships. Fourteen are tenable by unmarried persons only; of two the holders must be married at the time of their election; the other two are temporary and unendowed. All the endowed Fellowships are open to persons who have passed all the Examinations required for the degree of B.A. in the Universities of Oxford, Cambridge, or Dublin. Most of them are limited to members of the Church of England, or of Ireland, or of the Protestant Episcopal Churches of Scotland, the British Colonies, or the United States of America.

III. COLLEGE SCHOLARSHIPS, EXHIBITIONS, AND CLERKSHIPS.

[The information given in this section must be taken to apply only to the system at present actually existing. The extensive alterations which have been proposed by the University Commissioners have not yet received their final sanction.]

Scholarships are institutions which constitute their holders members of an intra-academical corporation, without a voice in its government, but with a claim to instruction, to rooms, and to an allowance for maintenance. They were in most cases originally intended to provide for the education at the University of the inhabitants of certain localities, or the descendants of certain families: their length of tenure was unlimited; and they gave, as vacancies occurred, a right of succession to Fellowships. But in all these respects subsequent legislation has effected considerable changes: they are now for the most part open to a competitive examination, which has no other limit than that of age or academical standing; their tenure is usually limited to five years; they confer no right of succession to Fellowships; and the various allowances of the older Statutes are commuted for a fixed money payment. Election in all cases takes place after an examination, of which due notice is given in the Oxford University Gazette, and also in the principal London newspapers: about two-thirds of the total number are awarded for excellence

in Classics, the remainder are divided between other branches of University study. The examination-papers are not published, but copies of them can sometimes be procured from one of the officers of a College; and candidates who have not been at one of the larger Public Schools, where the standard required is usually well known, will do well to endeavour to ascertain the nature of what is required of them before entering into the competition.

Exhibitions differ from Scholarships partly in that they do not constitute their holders members of the corporation of a College, partly in that the limit of age is often extended, and partly in that they are frequently confined to persons who produce evidence of their need of assistance. Until the passing of the Universities Act of 1854 they were for the most part conferred at the absolute discretion of the Head or Head and Fellows of a College; but they are now more commonly given after an examination of the same kind as that which is held for Scholarships.

Bible-Clerkships are offices to which certain small duties, such as those of marking the attendance of Undergraduates in Chapel and of saying Grace at dinner, are usually attached. They are in the free gift of the Head of a College or Hall, but it is not infrequent for him to open them to a competition among persons who produce evidence of want of pecuniary assistance.

At University there are

(1) Twenty-one Scholarships, of which four or five are filled up every year in Hilary Term. They are open without regard to place of birth or education, and without limitation of age, and are tenable for five years from the day of election. Candidates, if already members of the University, must not have exceeded four Terms from their matriculation. Their annual value is £80 during residence, inclusive of all allowances. One scholarship is awarded each year for Mathematics.

(2) The Exhibitions, about thirteen in number, in the gift of the College are attached to certain schools, some of the latter being open to general competition in default of properly qualified candidates from the favoured schools. Some are limited to persons who produce evidence of need of pecuniary assistance. They are of various values.

At Balliol there are

(1) Fifteen Foundation Scholarships, three of which are

awarded every year in Michaelmas Term, after an examination in Classics. They are open to all persons under the age of nineteen, and are tenable for five years. Their annual value is about £80 per annum during residence.

(2) Four Mathematical Scholarships, one of which is awarded every year. They are open to all persons who have not exceeded one year from their matriculation, and are tenable for four years. Their annual value is £80.

(3) Four Modern History Scholarships, one of which is awarded every year. They are open to all candidates who have not exceeded two years from their matriculation, and are tenable for four years. Their annual value is £80.

(4) Four Natural awarded every year. have not exceeded two tenable for four years. (5) Fifteen Classical awarded every year.

Science Scholarships, one of which is
They are open to all candidates who
years from their matriculation, and are
Their annual value is £80.

Exhibitions, of which three or four are They are open to all persons who have not exceeded eight Terms from their matriculation, and are tenable for five years. Their annual value is £70.

(6) An Exhibition (called the Jenkyns Exhibition) is usually awarded every year, after a competitive examination in Scholarship, History, and Philosophy, to an Undergraduate of the College who has not exceeded his sixteenth Term. Its annual value is £100, it is tenable for four years, and it may be held together with any other Scholarship or Exhibition in the College.

(7) A Hebrew Scholarship is awarded every year, open to all such candidates as have not exceeded two years from their matriculation. It is tenable during residence for three years, and will be continued for a fourth if the Scholar study at a foreign University with the consent of the College. The value of this Scholarship is £80 a year.

(8) It has also been the custom of the College to offer two Exhibitions every year to those candidates who have distinguished themselves in the Oxford Local Examinations, and also to award two Exhibitions for Classical or General Knowledge, according to the result of an examination held at the College. The annual value of both these classes of Exhibitions is £40, and they are tenable for four years.