being continuous as indicated by the arrows, the final effluent emerging at Q. No floating arms are provided, and for the abstraction of sludge the whole contents of one tank are withdrawn by means of one of the valves X and allowed to filter through cinder drainers in the chambers R. The sludge from the top of drainers is then discharged into sludge pit for further drying. Darwen Paper Mill Co., Lower Darwen.-The settling tanks at this mill (fig. 102, diagram 26) may be cited as typical of the usual settling tanks and sludge drying arrangements for a brown mill. The liquors treated are about 100,000 gallons per diem. After drying, the sludge is mixed with the dust and fluff' from the dusting and picking of rags, together with a little cement, and disposed of as a composition for covering steam boilers. Although the final effluent, discharged warm, is fairly free from suspended solids, its gross content is such as to call for bacterial treatment at this point. Messrs Peebles & Co., Ltd.-Figs. 103 and 104, diagram 27, show the tanks and filters at Messrs Peebles' Whiteash and Rishton Mills (Pl. XXI.). The plant, which explains itself as lettered, is hardly sufficient to deal with. the very foul crude liquors which emanate from these mills. Much esparto grass is used, and as Porion evaporators only are in use at both mills the washing of half-stuff is not carried on to as great an extent as necessary, owing to the difficulty experienced with 'Porions' and weak soda liquors. The result is that the breaker wash waters render the whole waste liquors very slimy and so prevent the deposition of the fine suspended particles. Hence the filters in fig. 104, which, used as continuous flow mechanical interceptors, are always troublesome with paper mill waste. The composition of Whiteash crude liquors may be judged from the following, taken haphazard : Breaker water and press Jan. 21, 1894 pâte liquor, 22 Breaker water and bleach Jan. 21, 1894 202 30 232 1292 174 1466 1494 204 1698 liquor dregs, Culvert drainage, including Jan. 21, 1894 130 22 152 16 supernatant liquor from machine water settling Lodge water supply, tank, Jan. 21, 1894 General effluent from outlet (culvert), 20 Feb. 8, 1894 212 8 28 96 308 50 56 106 8 28 262 152 414 General effluent from out- Feb. 15, 1894 216 182 398 let (culvert), |