Trades Waste

The Sizes used in Spinning and Weaving-Processes of Bleaching-The
Character and Relative Volume of Liquid Waste at each Stage-Analysis
of Cloth after Steep, Lime Boil, Soda Boil, Sour, Chemic, and White
Box-Character of the Soda Boil-Character of the Lime Boil-Typical

Purification Plant-The Plant at Messrs Stanning & Co., Leyland-Trial

Rune-The Sludge-Mechanical Filtration-Bacterial Treatment-The

Plant at Messrs Peel, Tootal & Co.-Trial Run,

CHAPTER VII.

CALICO PRINTING AND DYEING.

Nature of Waste Liquids-Materials Used-Thickenings-Difficulties due to

Gelatinous Thickenings-Precipitate formed but Retained in Suspension-

Aggregation or Weighting Necessary-The Separation of Soaping

Liquors-Agitation by Aeration-The Sludge Produced-Mather &

Platt's System-Trials at the Standish Co.'s Works-Solubility of old

Sludge-Trials of Messrs Steiner's Plant-Recovery of Chrome-Disposal

Outline of Paper Making Process-Soda Liquors before and after addition of

Wash Waters-Recovery of Soda-Multiple Effect Evaporators-Theory

of Same-Practical Working-Trial at Darwen Mill-Evaporation of

Stronger Liquors-The Porion Evaporator-Practical Working and Cost

-Kestner Barometric Evaporator-The Amount of Matter washed out of

Fibrous Raw Stuffs-Fibre Catchers-Typical Plant-Darwen Paper Mill

-King's Norton Paper Mill-Burnley Paper Mill-Cheddar Paper Mill—

Sun Paper Mill-Messrs Peebles & Co.-Lower Darwen Mill-Incrusta-

tions from Paper Waste-Bacterial Treatment of Paper Waste-Waste

from Wood Pulp Mills,

202-228

CHAPTER IX.

GENERAL CHEMICAL WASTE.

Distillation of Ammoniacal Liquors-Nature of Still Liquors-Plant at

Krupp's Works, Essen-Precipitation by Lime and Basic Sulphate of

Alumina—Aëration-Recovery of Sulphocyanides-Soap Manufacture—

Treatment of Lyes-Glycerine Recovery-Scott's Vacuum Plant-Alkali

Works-Waste Chloride from Solvay Process-The Leblanc Process-

Vat Waste-Its Characteristics-Chance's Sulphur Recovery Process-

Residual Mud-Yellow Liquors-Composition and Objectional Features—

Their Action on Life in Streams-Treatment-Colliery Wash Waters-

Exemptions under Rivers Pollution Acts--Coal Washing-Forms of

Washers-Nature of Wash Waters-Forms of Purification Plant-Iron

Galvanising-Acid Nature of Waste-Injury to Sewers-Effect on Treat-

ment of Sewage at the Outfall Works-Wolverhampton Sewage-Parker's

Method of Pickling-Turner's Acid Recovery Process,

INDEX,

229-263

264

PLATE

LIST OF PLATES.

I. The 'Mather & Platt' System at Messrs Rylands & Sons,
Chorley,.

III. Paper Mill at Darwen-Collapsed Wall in Precipitation Tanks,
IV. Paper Mill, Darwen-Tanks as rebuilt,

V. Blackburn Corporation Sludge Pressing Plant,

VI. Birch's Precipitation Tanks at Oakenshaw Print Works,
Accrington,

VII. Thermal Aerobic Filters, Accrington Sewage Works,
VIII. Farington Sewage Works, Preston Rural District Council,
IX. Fountains Free Brewery Co., Ltd., Blackburn, Anti-Scouring
Tank and Sprinkler Filter,

X. Precipitation Tanks, Messrs Stannings & Co., Ltd., Leyland,
XI. Precipitation Tanks, The Whalley Abbey Co., near Black-
burn,

XII. Bleach Department Precipitation Tanks, Messrs Grafton &
Co., Accrington,

XIII. Messrs Peel, Tootal & Co., Tanks and Sprinkled Filter,
XIV. Dyeing Department Tanks, Messrs Grafton & Co., Accrington,
XV. Precipitation Tanks, Messrs Steiner & Co., Ltd., Church,
XVI. Low Mill Bleaching and Printing Co., Precipitation Tanks, .
XVII. Precipitation Tanks with Furnace in rear, Messrs Kearns,
Allen & Co., Baxenden,