48

nem suffragiorum flagitasti, prorogationem legis Maniliae, aequationem gratiae, dignitatis, suffragiorum. graviter homines honesti atque in suis vicinitatibus et municipiis gratiosi tulerunt, a tali viro esse pugnatum, ut omnes et dignitatis et gratiae gradus tollerentur. idem editicios iudices esse voluisti, ut odia occulta civium, quae tacitis nunc discordiis continentur; in fortunas optimi cuiusque erumperent. haec omnia tibi. accusandi viam muniebant, adipiscendi obsaepiebant.

atque ex omnibus illa plaga est iniecta petitioni tuae, non tacente me, maxima, de qua ab homine ingeniosissimo et copiosissimo, Q. Hortensio, multa gravissime dicta sunt. quo etiam mihi durior locus est dicendi datus, ut, cum ante me et

plan by which votes were to have equal weight. 'Mass-voting' as opposed to the nice gradations of the comitia centuriata, but whether on the plan of the comitia tributa, as Z. conjectures, is not so clear. H. well says, 'as the proposal of Sulpicius came out in the course of a debate on a new lex de ambitu, there is great probability in the conjecture that it was not meant to refer to elections generally, but only to fresh elections held when a magistrate elect had been convicted of ambitus.' Z. comments on the extreme difficulty of ensuring a formal meeting of the centuries within a given time, which strengthens this view.

prorogationem] the extension of the period of its application. cf. ad Att. XIII. 43, prorogatio diei, in a slightly different sense. Here it is like prorogare imperium, Phil. II. $ 24, etc. The conjecture perrogationem seems more strange than clear.

Maniliae] All we know is that G. Manilius the tribune carried in 67 B. C. a law concerning the libertini, which was at once annulled. But I doubt whether this is meant in any way here.

vicinitatibus] This correction seems necessary. It is in 2 MSS. and H. adopts it. cf. pro Cluent. § II, pro Rosc. Am. § 15, auct. petit. cons.

$ 24. Vulg. civitatibus, which Z. refers to the coloniae Romanae.

editicios iudices] named by the accuser, with power to the accused of rejecting by challenge a certain number: the most probable explanation of this difficult passage is that proposed by Z. on comparison of pro Planc. § 41; there were to be 125 jurors, equites and tribuni aerarii, nominated by the accuser from the register (album iudicum), of these the reus might reject 75, leaving 50, also 25 Senators were to be appointed, but by some other means, and none of these could be rejected, there would thus be a jury of 75 in all left for the trial, [these are distinct from the editi iudices, of whom any number might be rejected, according to Wunder on pro Planc. proleg. III. iii. 3, (though he is not free from error in that article); and there is no connexion with the editicii iudices from particular tribes who were by the lex Licinia of B.C. 55 appointed to try cases of sodalicia.]

odia] as the accuser would take care to name men who had a grudge against the accused.

adipiscendi] absolutely, as in § 43. 48. illa plaga] the 'blow' is explained below, cum pop. Rom. in eum metum adduxisti.

ut] namely, the task of'...

ille dixisset et vir summa dignitate et diligentia et facultate dicendi, M. Crassus, ego in extremo non partem aliquam agerem causae, sed de tota re dicerem, quod mihi videretur. itaque in isdem rebus fere versor, et, quoad possum, iudices, occurro vestrae sapientiae. XXIV. sed tamen, Servi, quam te securim putas iniecisse petitioni tuae, cum populum Romanum in eum metum adduxisti, ut pertimesceret ne consul Catilina fieret dum tu accusationem comparares deposita atque abiecta petitione? etenim te inquirere videbant, tristem ipsum, 49 maestos amicos; observationes, testificationes, seductiones testium, secessiones subscriptorum animadvertebant, quibus rebus certe spes candidatorum obscuriores videri solent. Catilinam interea alacrem atque laetum, stipatum choro iuventutis, vallatum indicibus atque sicariis, inflatum cum spe militum, tum collegae mei, quemadmodum dicebat ipse, promissis, circumfluente colonorum Arretinorum et Faesulanorum exercitu,

diligentia] the great merit of Crassus, cf. Brutus § 233.

occurro] in a friendly sense, 'I am trying to help you to a wise verdict,' 'meeting your wisdom halfway,' cf. pro Cluent. § 63, pro Deiot. § 40, misericordia occurrere solet ipsa supplicibus et calamitosis.

xxiv. sed tamen] resumes from illa plaga etc. above, after the remarks de qua......sapientiae put in parenthetically.

cum adduxisti] 'in having brought'...cf. Madv. § 358 obs. 2. 49. inquirere] cf. § 45.

observationes] sc. of your rivals, by agents for your own, to see that nothing is done in violation of the law, cf. pro Rosc. Am. § 22, auct. petit. cons. § 55, fac se ut abs te custodiri atque observari sciant. Z.

testificationes] the getting together of depositions in proof of illegal practices, cf. II in Verr. v. §§ IOI

to talk over something, cf. Ov. Met. 11. 465, deque suo iussit secedere

coetu.

subscriptorum] those whom the principal counsel has with him in the case,' 'juniors.' cf. div. in Caecil. § 51, non esse hos tales viros commissuros, ut ad causam tantam, a me susceptam, mihi creditam, quisquam subscriptor me invito aspirare possit.

obscuriores] H. in ed. 1872 gives the above reading of this corrupt passage, and it seems the best. But for this use of obscuriores I can find no parallel. § 16 seems nearest. indicibus] cf. pro Sest. § 95. militum] hopes of the turbulent soldiery (?), cf. Sallust Catil. 16, Cic. in Catil. II. §§ 5, 21.

circumfluente] This reading, from MS. Lag. 9 and two others, is, I believe rightly, followed by Z. Sorof prefers exercitum to ablative. If the vulgate circumfluentem exercitu be kept, cf. Lael. § 52.

colonorum] Sulla's veterans, settled by him at Arretium and Faesulae; their extravagance had reduced them to poverty and debt. cf. in Catil. II. § 20, Sallust Catil. 28.

quam turbam dissimillimo ex genere distinguebant homines perculsi Sullani temporis calamitate. vultus ipsius erat plenus furoris, oculi sceleris, sermo adrogantiae, sic ut ei iam exploratus et domi conditus consulatus videretur. Murenam contemnebat, Sulpicium accusatorem suum numerabat, non com50 petitorem; ei vim denuntiabat, rei publicae minabatur. XXV. quibus rebus qui timor bonis omnibus iniectus sit quantaque desperatio rei publicae, si ille factus esset, nolite a me commoneri velle: vosmet ipsi vobiscum recordamini. meministis enim, cum illius nefarii gladiatoris voces percrebruissent, quas habuisse in contione domestica dicebatur, cum miserorum fidelem defensorem negasset inveniri posse, nisi eum qui ipse miser esset; integrorum et fortunatorum promissis saucios et miseros credere non oportere: quare qui consumpta replere, erepta recuperare vellent, spectarent, quid ipse deberet, quid possideret, quid auderet: minime timidum et valde calamitosum esse oportere eum, qui esset futurus dux et signifer calami51 tosorum :-tum igitur, his rebus auditis, meministis fieri senatus consultum referente me, ne postero die comitia haberentur, ut

dissimillimo ex genere] epithet of quam turbam. A most motley

crowd.' turbam refers to all his previously mentioned comrades.

distinguebant] gave a further variety to. As we say 'picked out with white' of a carriage, etc. so distinguere orationem, de Orat. II. § 36. retia maculis distincta, ‘where the empty mesh sets off the rope,' Ov. Her. v. 19. 'Thrown into relief as a whole by the presence of men stricken with the general ruin of Sulla's Reign of Terror.'

homines] relics of the Marian party, having nothing in common with the rest of Catiline's supporters save impoverishment and readiness for violence.

calamitate] cf. pro Caec. § 95, ut nihil de illo tempore, nihil de calamitate reipublicae querar.

exploratus] assured,' as usual in Cicero.

domi conditus] A strong figure. In safe keeping at his house, 'under

lock and key.' Z. cf. II in Verr. II. § 5.

numerabat] so ad Att. vII. I § 3, me uterque numerat suum. ei] sc. Sulpicio.

XXV. 50. factus] so factus and fiant, § 18.

nolite velle] not rare, but remarkable, cf. pro Caelio § 79, pro Balbo § 64, Phil. VII. § 25. H. well points out that ne volueritis seems to be avoided. vosmet ipsi etc. cf. Phil. II. § I.

meministis] It is caught up and the object expressed (fieri s. c.) in

the next section.

t

tum

de his rebus in senatu agere possemus. itaque postridie frequenti senatu Catilinam excitavi atque eum de his rebus iussi, si quid vellet, quae ad me adlatae essent, dicere. atque ille, ut semper fuit apertissimus, non se purgavit, sed indicavit atque induit. tum enim dixit duo corpora esse rei publicae, unum debile, infirmo capite, alterum firmum, sine capite: huic, si ita de se meritum esset, caput se vivo non defuturum. congemuit senatus frequens neque tamen satis severe pro rei indignitate decrevit; nam partim ideo fortes in decernendo non erant, quia nihil timebant, partim, quia timebant. erupit e senatu triumphans gaudio, quem omnino vivum illinc exire non oportuerat, praesertim cum idem ille in eodem ordine paucis diebus ante Catoni, fortissimo viro, iudicium minitanti ac denuntianti respondisset, si quod esset in suas fortunas incendium excitatum, id se non aqua, sed ruina restincturum. XXVI. his tum rebus commotus, et quod cum 52 gladiis in campum deduci Catilinam sciebam, descendi cum firmissimo praesidio fortissimorum virorum et cum illa lata insignique lorica, non quae me tegeret-etenim sciebam Catilinam non latus aut ventrem, sed caput et collum solere petere, verum ut omnes boni animadverterent, et, cum in

were nervous, and hence irresolute. erupit] cf. in Catil. II. § 1, abiit, excessit, evasit, erupit.

in eodem ordine] in the Senate. restincturum] so Sall. Cat. 31 fin., incendium meum ruina restinguam.

xxvi. 52. cum gladiis] 'sword in hand.' cf. Phil. II. § 112, cur homines omnium gentium maxime barbaros, Ityraeos, cum sagittis deducis in forum?

descendi] for fact cf. in Catil. 1. §II. insigni] 'conspicuous.'

lorica] for Cicero's breastplate on this occasion cf. Plut. Cic. 14. Dion Cassius, XXXVII. 29.

caput et collum] He has already called him gladiator, § 50.

animadverterent] Plutarch says that he shifted his tunic, so as to shew the breastplate, τοῦ δὲ θώρακος ἐπιτηδὲς ὑπέφαινέ τι.

metu et periculo consulem viderent, id quod est factum, ad opem praesidiumque concurrerent. itaque cum te, Servi, remissiorem in petendo putarent, Catilinam et spe et cupiditate inflammatum viderent, omnes, qui illam ab re publica pestem 53 depellere cupiebant, ad Murenam se statim contulerunt. magna est autem comitiis consularibus repentina voluntatum inclinatio, praesertim cum incubuit ad virum bonum et multis aliis adiumentis petitionis ornatum. qui cum honestissimo patre atque maioribus, modestissima adulescentia, clarissima legatione, praetura probata in iure, grata in munere, ornata in provincia, petisset diligenter et ita petisset, ut neque minanti cederet neque cuiquam minaretur, huic mirandum est magno adiumento Catilinae subitam spem consulatus adipiscendi fuisse?

54

55

nunc mihi tertius ille locus est reliquus orationis, de ambitus criminibus, perpurgatus ab his, qui ante me dixerunt, a me, quoniam ita Murena voluit, retractandus: quo in loco C. Postumo, familiari meo, ornatissimo viro, de divisorum indiciis et de deprehensis pecuniis, adulescenti ingenioso et bono, Ser. Sulpicio, de equitum centuriis, M. Catoni, homini in omni virtute excellenti, de ipsius accusatione, de senatus consulto, de re publica respondebo.

XXVII. sed pauca, quae meum animum repente moverunt, prius de L. Murenae fortuna conquerar. nam cum saepe

53. magna est] has great weight -multum valet.

praesertim cum] cf. on § 44. incubuit ad] has lent its force to. cf. § 59, incumbenti ad eius perniciem, ad Att. I. 19. 4, ad voluntatem perferendae legis incubuerat.

aliis] besides his being good. The adiumenta are set forth shortly in the next sentence.

in iure] § 41. in munere, §§ 37, 38. in provincia, § 42.

et ita petisset] cf. de imp. Gn. Pomp. § 10, dicam alio loco et ita dicam.

minanti] a hit at Sulpicius' threats of prosecuting him.

minaretur] as Sulpicius did, and lost himself many votes. H.

Catilinae-consulatus] so Brutus