315 NUMEN HABES Ov. f. II 642 to Terminus ab antiquis tu quoque numen habes.

315 316 NOS TE NOS FACIMUS DEAM Manil. IV 926-8 ne dubites homini divinos credere visus: | iam facit ipse deos mittitque ad sidera numen | maius.

316 MENSURA Hor. s. I I 73-5.

317 EDAM I 21.

318 IN QUANTUM used by Verg. Liv. (Heerwagen on Xxit 27 § 4) and later writers where Cicero would say quantum. So also in tantum Ov. m. XI 71. Plin. pan. 83 § 8 maritum, in quantum patitur sexus, imitetur.

IN QUANTUM SITIS ATQUE FAMES ET FRIGORA POSCUNT Pythag. in Porphyr. ep. ad Marcell. 30 σαρκὸς φωνὴ μὴ πεινὴν μὴ διψὴν μὴ ῥιγοῦν. Aristox. in Ath. 46 Pythagorean diet bread and honey. Stob. fl. XCIII 28 Sokrates, when Archelaos invited him to his court, offering to make him rich, replied : ' At Athens 4 choenices of barley meal sell for an obol and there are fountains of running water. Simon in Stob. f. XVII II μέμνησο μέντοι λιμοῦ καὶ δίψης· ταῦτα γὰρ δύναται μεγάλα τοῖς σωφροσύνην διώκουσι. Sen. ep. 4 § 8 lex autem illa naturae, Scis quos nobis terminos statuit? non esurire, non sitire, non algere....no ....non est necesse maria temptare [ver. 267-302] nec sequi castra [ver. 193-8]: parabile est quod natura desiderat et adpositum. § 11 ad supervacua sudatur. illa sunt, quae togam conterunt, quae nos senescere sub tentorio cogunt, quae in aliena litora inpingunt: ad manum est, quod sat est. ib. 119 8 7 ' at parum habet, qui tantum non alget, non esurit, non sitit. plus Iuppiter non habet. id. ad Helv. ro § 2 corporis exigua desideria sunt: frigus submoveri vult, alimentis famem ac sitim exstinguere: quidquid extra concupiscitur, vitiis, non usibus laboratur.

319 QUANTUM, EPICURE, TIBI SUFFECIT Epicurus in Stob. f. XVII 23 24. 34 βρυάζω τῷ κατὰ τὸ σωμάτιον ἡδεῖ, ὕδατι καὶ ἄρτῳ χρώμενος, καὶ προσπτύω ταῖς ἐκ πολυτελείας ἡδοναῖς. 37. DL. x § 130 οἵ τε λιτοὶ χυλοὶ ἴσην πολυτελεῖ διαίτῃ τὴν ἡδονὴν προσφέρουσιν, ὅταν ἅπαν τὸ ἀλγοῦν κατ ̓ ἔνδειαν ἐξαιρεθῇ. § 131 καὶ μάζα καὶ ὕδωρ τὴν ἀκροτάτην ἀποδίδωσιν ἡδονήν, ἐπειδὰν ἐνδέων τις αὐτὰ προσενέγκηται, τὸ συνεθίζειν οὖν ἐν ταῖς ἁπλαῖς καὶ οὐ πολυτελέσι διαίταις καὶ ὑγιείας ἐστὶ συμπληρωτικὸν καὶ πρὸς τὰς ἀναγκαίας τοῦ βίου χρήσεις ἄοκνον ποιεῖ τὸν ἄνθρωπον. Diokles in DL. x 8 II speaking of Ep. and his friends κοτύλῃ γοῦν οἰνιδίου ἠρκοῦντο, τὸ δὲ πᾶν ὕδωρ ἦν αὐτοῖς ποτόν. ib. Ep. in his letters professes ὕδατι μόνον ἀρκεῖσθαι καὶ ἄρτῳ λιτῷ, καὶ · πέμψον μοι τύρου φησί • Κυθνίου, ἵν ̓ ὅταν βούλωμαι πολυτελεύ σασθαι δύνωμαι. ib. § 12 Athenaeus puts into his mouth the words τᾶς φύσιος δ' ὁ πλοῦτος ὅρον τινὰ βαιὸν ἐπίσχει. Sen. ep. 18 3 9

...

after recommending the rich to live for three or four days the life of the poor, certos habebat dies ille magister voluptatis Epicu rus, quibus maligne famem exstingueret. gloriatur non toto asse pasci: Metrodorum, qui nondum tantum profecerit, toto. id. vit. beat. 12 § 4 the vicious flock together, when they hear pleasure commended, nec aestimant, voluptas illa Epicuri, ita enim mehercules sentio, quam sobria ac sicca sit.

HORTIS XIII 123. These gardens were bequeathed by Epi curus, who had bought them for 80 minae (DL. x § 10), to his school (§ 17), whence Apollodorus the Epicurean was named KηTOTÚρAVVOS (§ 25): kyπółoyos=epicureus (anth. Pal. VI 307 6). Petron. 132 docti horti. Sen. ep. 21 § 10 cum adieris hortulos et inscriptum hortulis: HOSPĒS, HIC BENE MANEBIS, HIC SUMMUM BONUM VOLUPTAS EST: paratus erit istius domicili custos hospitalis, humanus, et te polenta excipiet et aquam quoque large ministrabit et dicet: ecquid bene acceptus es? non irritant' inquit 'hi hortuli famem, sed exstinguunt. ne maiorem ipsis potionibus sitim faciunt, sed naturali et gratuito remedio sedant. ib. 4 § 10 ut finem epistulae inponam, accipe, quod hodierno die mihi placuit. et hoc quoque ex alienis hortu ĺis sumptum est: 'magnae divitiae sunt lege naturae composita paupertas.'

320 QUANTUM SOCRATICI CEPERUNT ANTE PENATES on the temperance and endurance of Sokrates cf. Aristoph. nub. 103-4. 363. 415-8. 718-9. 1171. Plato conv. p. 220. Xen. mem. III he recommended abstinence in eating, drinking and sleep, and endurance of cold and heat etc. ib. I 2 § 1. 3 § 5. 6§2 where Antiphon says: 'I thought that philosophers were the happiest of men; your philosophy seems to have done the very contrary of this for you, Sokrates; you live as no slave would live; you eat and drink of the worst, you wear not only a mean coat, but the same summer and winter, you are always without shoes and without a tunic.' id. oecon. 2 § 3 Sokrates computes that his house and entire property might fetch 5 minae. By his temperance he was secured from the plague Gell. II I §§ 4 5.

321 NUMQUAM ALIUD NATURA, ALIUD SAPIENTIA DICIT Antonin. ν 9 φιλοσοφία μόνα θέλει ἃ ἡ φύσις σου θέλει.

322 Holyday or if their lives too strictly thee confine, | mix somewhat of our times."

323 NOSTRIS DE MORIBUS, EFFICE SUMMAM Ter. haut. 583 argentum effecero. so facere XII 50 n.

SUMMAM Cic. Phil. I § 20. Ov. am. III 8 9. 15 5. 323 324 SUMMAM BIS SEPTEM ORDINIBUS QUAM LEX DIGNA TUR OTHONIS III 153-156 n. schol. on v 3. Mart. v 27 3 bis septena tibi non sunt subsellia tanti. Iv 67 1—4 asked his old friend the praetor for a gift of 100,000 sesterces

Gaurus

dicebatque suis haec tantum desse trecentis, ut posset domino plaudere iustus eques. Sen. ep. 44 § 2 eques Romanus es et ad hunc ordinem tua te perduxit industria: at mehercules multis quattuordecim clausi sunt.

325 seq. Holyday if yet thou frown'st, yet hang'st the lip, then be as rich as two knights; if thou wilt, as three.' Pers. VI 78-80 rem duplica. feci; iam triplex, iam mihi quarto, | iam decies redit in rugam. depunge, ubi sistam.' | inventus, Chrysippe, tui finitor acervi.

RUGAM TRAHIT Sen. ben. VI 7 § 1 vultus tuus, cui regendum me tradidi, colligit rugas et trahit frontem, quasi longius exeam.

326 SUME DUOS EQUITES, FAC TERTIA QUADRINGENTA III 155 n. 400,000 sesterces is used to denote a large sum generally I 106. II 117. V 132. XI 19. The senators' qualifying estate was three times the knights'. Suet. Aug. 41 senatorum censum ampliavit ac pro octingentorum milium summa duodecies sestertio taxavit. But Mart. I 103. Plut. Ant. 4 and DCass. LIV 17 § 3. 26 § 3. 30 § 2. make the sum decies i.e. a million. duos equites duorum equitum censum cf. Cic. Phil. II § 65 n. Pompeii (i.e. bonorum P.) sector.

327 SI NONDUM INPLEVI GREMIUM VII 215. Holyday ‘if yet thy lap's not full, if spread for more.'

328 CROESI FORTUNA X 274 n. proverbial Ov. Pont. IV 3 37 divitis audita est cui non opulentia Croesi?

PERSICA REGNA Hor. c. II 12 21 dives Achaemenes. ib. III 9 4.

329 DIVITIAE NARCISSI Narcissus, Pallas (I 109 n.) and Callistratus, three freedmen of Claudius, richer than Crassus Plin. XXXIII § 134. Suet. Cl. 28. Agrippina, before attempting the life of Claudius, separated him from Narcissus: for she could never have poisoned her husband, had he been near DCass. LX 34 § 4 τοιοῦτός τις φύλαξ τοῦ δεσπότου ἦν. ἐπαπώλετο δὲ καὶ αὐτὸς τῷ Κλαυδίῳ, μέγιστον τῶν τότε ἀνθρώπων δυνηθείς, μυ ριάδας τε γὰρ πλείους μυρίων εἶχε, καὶ προσεῖχον αὐτῷ καὶ πόλεις καὶ βασιλεῖς. This wealth was acquired partly by taking bribes (ib. 16 § 2), partly by contracting for public works (ib. 33 § 6). Sen. n. q. IV pr. § 15. He at first acted in concert with Messalina (Suet. Claud. 37), but A.D. 48, on her marriage with Silius (x. 330-345 n.), informed Claudius of the fact, and when Claudius was still reluctant to give the order for her death, himself took upon him to do so Tac. XI 37. 38 nuntiatumque Claudio epulanti perisse Messalinam, non distincto sua an aliena manu, nec ille quaesivit.

331 PARUIT IMPERIIS Tac. XIII pr. caede Messalinae convulsa principis domus, orto apud libertos certamine quis

M. I.

ΙΟ

deligeret uxorem Claudio. cf. 3 fin. nihil arduum videbatur in animo principis, cui non iudicium, non odium erat nisi indita et iussa. 54 55 power of Pallas and Felix. 60 fin. cum Claudius libertos, quos rei familiari praefecerat, sibique et legibus adaequaverit. id. h. v 9 Claudius left the province of Iudaea to Roman knights or to freedmen: e quibus Antonius Felix per omnem saevitiam ac libidinem ius regium servili ingenio exercuit, Drusilla, Cleopatrae et Antonii nepte, in matrimonium accepta, ut eiusdem Antonii Felix progener, Claudius nepos esset. id. an. XII 60 (cf. Suet. Cl. 12. dig. 1 16 9 pr. 11 15 8 § 19) A.D. 53 the jurisdiction in matters pertaining to the fiscus, which had been subject to the ordinary courts, made over to the imperial procurators; a measure which greatly increased the power and wealth of the freedmen, as they could pronounce sentence in cases in which they were concerned as accusers. Suet. Claud. 29 his [Pallanti et Narcisso], ut dixi, uxoribusque addictus, non principem se, sed ministrum egit. ib. 25 fin. sed et haec et cetera totumque adeo ex parte magna prin cipatum non tam suo quam uxorum libertorumque arbitrio administravit, talis ubique plerumque, qualem esse eum aut expe diret illis aut liberet. id. Vitell. 2 fin. L. Vitellius, father of the emperor, Claudium uxoribus libertisque addictum ne qua non arte demereretur, pro maximo munere a Messalina petit, ut sibi pedes praeberet excalciandos...Narcissi quoque et Pallantis imagines aureas inter Lares coluit. Sen. apocol. 6 fin. putares omnes esse illius libertos. adeo illum nemo curabat. Plin. ep. VIII 6 § 12 speaking of a large sum of money voted by the senate to Pallas, but declined by him, imaginare Caesarem liberti precibus vel potius imperio coram senatu obtempe rantem (imperat enim libertus patrono, quem in senatu rogat). DCass. LX 2 § 4 ὑπό τε τῶν ἐξελευθέρων καὶ ὑπὸ τῶν γυναικῶν, αἷς συνῆν, ἐκακύνετο. περιφανέστατα γὰρ τῶν ὁμοίων ἐδουλοκρα τήθη τε ἅμα καὶ ἐγυναικοκρατήθη. § 5 having long lived with his nurse Livia and with the freedmen, οὐδὲν ἐλευθεροπρεπές ἐκέκτητο, ἀλλὰ καίπερ καὶ τῶν Ῥωμαίων ἁπάντων καὶ τῶν ὑπηκόων αὐτῶν κρατῶν ἐδεδούλωτο. § 6 they worked on his passions and his fears, § 7 and reaped such a harvest from him, and struck such terror into others, that a man would decline the emperor's invitation to accept a freedman's. 14 §§ 1-3 executions urged by Messalina and oi Kaloάpelot. 16 § 2 the guilty bought immunity from Messalina and Narcissus. §§ 3-5 the freedmen present at trials in the senate. 17 § 5 Messalina and the freedmen sold the freedom of the city, at first for large sums, but the price fell till at last it could be bought for broken glass. § 8 they also sold all manner of offices. 28 § 2 δουλεύοντα μέντοι αὐτὸν τῇ τε γυναικὶ καὶ τοῖς ἀπελευθέροις ὁρῶντες ἤσχαλλον.

29 § 3 a player in the theatre reciting the saw dpóρηтós σTI CUTUX@ Maoriylas, all the people looked at Polybius, who rejoined, the same poet said βασιλεῖς ἐγένοντο χοὶ πρὶν ὄντες almólo,' yet Claudius suffered him to go unpunished. 31 § 2 for a time Messalina and the freedmen acted in concert; but when she overthrew Polybius, though a paramour, they trusted her no more, κἀκ τούτου ἐρημωθεῖσα τῆς παρ' αὐτῶν εὐνοίας éplápn. 32 § 2 Agrippina employed the influence of the freedmen with Claudius. AV. epit. 4 § 6 liberti eius potestatem summam adepti stupris exilio caede proscriptionibus omnia foedabant. § 7 ex quibus Felicem legionibus Iudaeae praefecit, Posidae eunucho post triumphum Britannicum inter militarium fortissimos arma insignia tamquam participi victoriae dono dedit, Polybium inter consules medium incedere fecit. § 8 hos omnes anteibat Narcissus ab epistulis, dominum se gerens ipsius domini, Pallasque praetoris ornamentis sublimatus.