Nature and Ideology: Natural Garden Design in the Twentieth Century, Volume 18Joachim Wolschke-Bulmahn This volume explores the broad range of ideas about nature reflected in twentieth-century concepts of natural gardens and their ideological implications. A possible definition--nature is ideology--suggests that nature can be seen as a systematic scheme of ideas held by particular social, political, and cultural groups, and that our definition of nature is a human intellectual construct. Historical and contemporary concepts of natural garden design provide evidence of these different concepts of nature. The desire to produce a natural garden design has fascinated many professional and amateur garden designers, and the essays in this volume investigate their use of earlier ideas of natural gardens and their relationship to the rich model that nature offers. The work of early twentieth-century natural garden advocates helped shape much of twentieth-century landscape architecture in both the United States and Europe, and the ideologies underlying the concepts of natural gardens show how political, economic, and social developments influenced design programs and decisions. |
Contents
An Evolutionary Perspective on Strengths Fallacies and Confusions | 11 |
Their Influence on Later Advocates | 35 |
A Theoretical Foundation | 59 |
Ideology Art and Science | 81 |
Pragmatist in the Wild Garden | 113 |
Wild Gardening and the Popular American Magazine 18901918 | 131 |
Jacobus P Thijsses Influence on Dutch Landscape Architecture | 155 |
Ideological Aspects of Nature Garden Concepts in Late TwentiethCentury Germany | 221 |
Conflict and Confusion in Landscape Architecture | 249 |
Contributors | 263 |
Common terms and phrases
Alfred Parsons American Amsterdam architects artists beauty Berlin Bijhouwer cemetery China Chinese garden Cleveland concepts of natural culture discussion Dumbarton Oaks Dutch early twentieth century ecological Emerson and Greenough Emerson's aesthetic essay example exotic Frederick Law Olmsted garden art Garden History Gartengestaltung der Neuzeit Gartenkunst German landscape Goethe Gravetye Gröning Grove Gwinn hardy Hilligenloh history of gardens Horticulture human Humboldt Ibid ideas of nature ideology included influence Japanese garden Jens Jensen Journal of Garden land landscape architecture landscape design Landscape Gardening Landschaft Lange's London Magazine Manning's National Socialism native plants natural garden design nineteenth century Olmsted parks Pastor planning political principles published Rhododendron Robinson's wild garden Sachsenhain Saxons Seelenfeld shrubs Sleepy Hollow society species style theory Thijsse Thijsse's Hof tion trees Weimar Republic Wiepking wild garden wildflowers William Robinson Willy Lange Wolschke-Bulmahn writing wrote York