Competing in the Electronics Industry: The Experience of Newly Industrialising Economies

applies Asian NIEs ASIC assembly Brazil capacity capital cent chaebol Chapter chip circuit competitive computer industry computer systems consumer electronics core components costs demand developing countries domestic market DRAMs EANIES economies of scale electronics companies electronics exports electronics firms electronics industry electronics production engineering entry barriers Ernst global growth hardware Hong Kong important increasing increasingly India Indonesia innovation integrated integrated circuits investment involved Japan Japanese firms Korea Korea and Taiwan Korean firms largest leading learning economies licensing major Malaysia manufacturing market leaders microprocessors million OECD OECD countries oligopoly operating systems organisational particular peripherals personal computers Philippines policies printed circuit boards relatively requirements restrictions sample countries scale economies sector semiconductor industry shift Singapore sophisticated specialised standard strategies substantial suppliers Taiwan Taiwanese Taiwanese firms technological capabilities technology diffusion telecommunications Thailand trade United users wafer fabrication World Electronics