The Vegetation of Wisconsin: An Ordination of Plant CommunitiesOne of the most important contributions in the field of plant ecology during the twentieth century, this definitive survey established the geographical limits, species compositions, and as much as possible of the environmental relations of the communities composing the vegetation of Wisconsin. |
Contents
Introduction | 3 |
Plant communities and their distribution | 49 |
Vegetation study methods | 83 |
Copyright | |
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Acer acre americana aspen Aster average balsam fir Betula birch black spruce boreal forest bracken-grasslands bur oak canadensis canopy Carex cedar cent Chapter cliffs composition conifer conifer swamps Curtis dominance Driftless Area dry prairies dry-mesic dunes ecological Euphorbia corollata Figure fire flora floristic frequently glacial gradient grass grassland grazing groundlayer species hardwoods index of similarity indicated jack pine Lake land layer lowland major mesic forests mesic prairies modal species moisture northern number of species oak openings ordination original P.E.L. study peat pine barrens Pinus plant communities Plate pollen present prevalent species Quercus red oak region River sand barrens savanna sedge sedge meadows seedlings seeds shrubs soil Solidago southern Species Pres stands sugar maple surface Table tamarack temperature tension zone tion trees understory upland values vegetation Vilas County virginiana weed wet prairies wet-mesic white pine Wisconsin xeric