Chemistry, Inorganic and Organic: With Experiments and a Comparison of Equivalent and Molecular Formulæ |
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Common terms and phrases
acetic action alcohol alkalies alumina ammonia anhydrous antimony arsenic arsenious acid atomic baryta binoxide bisulphide blue boiling bottle bromine burning carbonic acid charcoal chemical chlorate of potash chloric acid chloride colour colourless combining weight combustion composition compound containing converted cool copper crystallised crystals decomposed decomposition deposited diluted dissolved distilled elements employed equivalent ether ethyle evaporated evolved exposed flame flask formula furnace fused gases glass grains heat hydrated hydrochloric acid hydrogen hydrosulphuric acid insoluble iodide iodine iron lime liquid magnesia manganese marsh-gas matter mercury metal mineral mixed mixture nitrate nitric acid nitrogen obtained odour olefiant gas ordinary oxalic oxide oxidised oxygen passed phosphoric acid phosphorus platinum potassium powder precipitate prepared produced proportion quantity represented salt sesquioxide silicic acid silicon silver soda sodium soluble solution specific gravity substance sulphate sulphide sulphuric acid temperature tube vapour vols volume whilst yellow zinc
Popular passages
Page v - The special attention devoted to Metallurgy and some other branches of Applied Chemistry renders the work especially useful to those who are being educated for employment in manufacture.
Page 201 - The same experimenter also made a very important advance when he burnt a mixture of sulphur, antimony sulphide and nitre under a bell-glass placed over water ; but it was not until the middle of the eighteenth century that it was suggested by some French chemists to burn the sulphur and nitre alone over water : a process by which the acid appears actually to have been manufactured upon a pretty large scale.
Page 601 - ... named cyanin. Acids redden it, and, hence, only those flowers that have a neutral juice are blue; red flowers yield an acid juice. The coloring matter of grapes and of red wine is probably cyanin. Saffron is a yellow coloring matter, obtained from the flowers of Crocus sativus, which are purple with yellow anthers. When these are dried and pressed into cakes, they form the saffron of commerce, which has an agreeable odor. It is imported chiefly from Spain. It gives up to water and alcohol a yellow...
Page 47 - ... sometimes entirely misleading, as they do not represent the temperature of the portion of the liquid from which inflammable vapour is being evolved. In carrying out the test prescribed by the Petroleum Act, 1879, the sample under examination is slowly heated in a closed cup, and the temperature is indicated by a thermometer the bulb of which is immersed in the liquid in the centre of the vessel. In these circumstances, the heat communicated to the sample through the walls of the cup creates in...
Page 53 - The ordinary laboratory test by which the chemist decides whether a substance under examination is of organic origin, consists in heating it with limited access of air, and observing whether any blackening from separation of carbon (carbonisation) ensues. Few elements are capable of assuming so many different aspects as is carbon.
Page 413 - Blue bricks are glazed by sprinkling with iron scurf, a mixture of particles of stone and iron produced by the wear of the siliceous grindstones employed in grinding gun-barrels, &c. When the bricks are fired, a glaze of silicate of iron is formed upon them.
Page 331 - ... strongly heated in a current of air on the hearth of a reverberatory furnace, the mass being occasionally stirred to expose a fresh surface to the air. The...
Page 415 - ... depth. The nitre is extracted from the earth by treating it with water, and the solution is evaporated, at first by the heat of the sun and afterwards by artificial heat, when the impure crystals are obtained, which are packed in bags and sent to different countries as grough (or impure saltpetre).
Page 39 - So soon as it reaches the earth it begins to dissolve small portions of various solid materials with which it comes in contact. The waters of wells, springs and rivers differ very much from each other, according to the nature of the layers of rock and earth over or through which they have passed, and from which they dissolve a great variety of substances, such as sodium sulphide and chloride, magnesium sulphate and carbonate, calcium sulphate and carbonate, carbonic acid, silica, etc. Of the above...
Page 253 - HO . 2CO.,, is acid in chemical constitution, though alkaline to test-papers, for the oxygen of the base is to the oxygen of the acid as 1 : 4, whilst the normal ratio for carbonates is 1 : 2.