send out of towne,' owing to their undisciplined conduct (Cal. State Papers, Dom. Ser. 1645). Towards the end of the year Mostyn went over to Ireland to try and muster recruits for the relief of Chester, and returned in January 1645-6 with a 'piece of a regiment,' some hundred and sixty men, and was expected to make it up two hundred upon his own credit,' in his own county, where he was a commissioner of array and peace(Letter from Archbishop Williams to Lord Astley, dated Conway, 25 Jan. 1645-6, printed in PHILLIPS'S Civil War, ii. 290-1). These troops, and other royalist forces collected in North Wales under Lord St. Paul, were, however, prevented from marching to Chester by Colonel Mytton, who was despatched by Brereton to intercept them, and caused them to retreat to Denbigh and Conway. Mostyn himself succeeded in evading his enemies at the time and for many years after, but in May 1658 was captured by Colonel Carter at Conway. Whitelocke, however, who had married a member of the Mostyn family, procured his immediate release, upon his parole to be at his own house at Mostyn' (Memorials, p. 673). At the Restoration he was created a baronet, 3 Aug. 1660.

Mostyn is described by Whitelocke (ib. p. 78) as a gentleman of good address, and mettle, of a very ancient family, large possessions, and great interest in the county, so that in twelve hours he raised fifteen hundred men for the king.' He is said to have spent some 60,000l. in the service of the king, and his house at Mostyn stripped of all its valuables, so that after his release on parole he was so impoverished that he had to lie for many years in strict seclusion at a farmhouse called Plasucha; but by 1684 his fortunes were so improved, probably by profits derived from lead and coal mines which he worked by means of large engines (a drawing is given by Dineley in his Beaufort Progress, 1888 ed. p. 95), that he provided on 23 July 1684 at Mostyn a very great and noble entertainment' for the Duke of Beaufort and his suite on their official progress through Wales. He was then in command of the Flintshire militia, one company of which was composed of his servants, miners, and other adherents, clothed and paid at his own expense, and he was complimented on their smart manoeuvres (ib. pp. 91-2).

Mostyn, third baronet (1675-1739) [q. v.], was a grandson.

A portrait of Sir Roger Mostyn, which, according to a recently deciphered inscription, was painted by Sir Peter Lely in 1652, when the sitter is said to have been 28 years of age, is preserved at Mostyn Hall, and a copy of it by Leonard Hughes was presented at Christmas 1887 by Lord Mostyn to the corporation of Flint (Archeologia Cambrensis, 5th ser. viii. 110-13). In this Sir Roger is represented at kit-cat length, in a strange flaxen wig, a breast plate, buff skirts, and antique Roman sleeves-a negro holding his helmet (TAYLOR, Historic Notices of Flint, p. 139).

[For the pedigree of the Mostyn family see Dwnn's Heraldic Visitations, ii. 307-9; Phillips's Civil War in Wales and Marches; Historic Notices of Flint, passim.]

D. LL. T.

MOSTYN, SIR ROGER (1675–1739), third baronet, politician, born in 1675, was the eldest son of Sir Thomas Mostyn of Mostyn, Flintshire, second baronet, by Bridget, daughter and heiress of Darcy Savage, esq., of Leighton, Cheshire. Sir Roger Mostyn (d. 1690) [q.v.] was his grandfather. On 10 Feb. 1689-90 he matriculated from Jesus College, Oxford, aged 15. He was returned as M.P. for Flintshire in December 1701, and in the following August both for Cheshire and for the borough of Flint; he elected to sit for the former. In the next parliament (1705-8) he represented Flintshire, and sat for the same constituency till 1734 (except in 1713, when he served for Flint borough). He was a tory and a supporter of Daniel Finch, second earl of Nottingham [q. v.], whose daughter he married. In 1711 he was appointed paymaster of the marines (Treasury Papers, xci. 70), and was one of the four tellers of the exchequer from 30 Dec. 1714 till 22 June 1716. He voted for tacking on the Occasional Conformity Bill to the Land-tax Bill in 1705, and against the articles of commerce in 1713. He voted against the Peerage Bill in 1719, and Walpole's excise scheme in 1733, and having opposed the Septennial Bill, supported the motion for its repeal in 1734. In consideration of his services and the expenses he incurred as paymaster of the marines he was allowed a sum of 3007. for eight years (ib. ccxlvi. 68). There is also among the 'Treasury Papers' a dormant warrant in favour of Mostyn as controller of the fines for the counties of Chester, Flint, and Carnarvon, dated 31 July 1704. He died on 5 May 1739, at his seat in Carnarvonshire.

of Nottingham; she was noted for her beauty, and her portrait, painted by Kneller in 1703, was engraved by J. Smith in 1705 (NOBLE, ii. 375-6). She died of small-pox on 23 May 1721, leaving issue six sons and six daughters. The eldest son, Thomas (1704-1758), became fourth baronet, with the death of whose grandson Thomas in 1831 the baronetcy expired. Of Sir Roger's younger sons Roger (1721-1775) was canon of Windsor, and Savage, vice-admiral, is separately noticed. Another son, JOHN MOSTYN (1710-1779), general, was elected to Westminster School in 1723, and to Christ Church, Oxford, in 1728. He was made captain in the 2nd foot-guards in 1743, aide-de-camp to the king in 1747, colonel of the king's own royal fusiliers in 1751, of the 13th dragoons in 1754, of the 5th dragoons in 1758, and of the 1st dragoons in 1763; majorgeneral in 1757, lieutenant-general in 1759, and general in 1772. He became governor and commander-in-chief of Minorca in 1768, and in 1773 was defendant in an action in London brought by one Anthony Fabrigas, whom he had banished from the island (cf. The Proceedings at Large, London, 1773, fol.) In the parliaments which met in 1747, 1754, and 1761 he sat for Malton, Yorkshire. He was appointed governor of Chelsea Hospital in 1768, was gentleman of the bedchamber to George II and George III, and died in Dover Street, London, on 16 Feb. 1779 (cf. Notes and Queries, 8th ser. i. 362; WELCH, Alumni Westmonast. p. 297; WALPOLE, Memoirs of George III).

[Foster's Alumni Oxon. 1500-1714; Burke's Extinct Baronetage, ii. 120; Boyer's Political State of Great Britain, vi. viii. 530; Gent. Mag. 1739, p. 272; Returns of Members of Parliament; Parl. Hist.; State Papers cited in text.]

G. LE G. N.

MOSTYN, SAVAGE (d. 1757), viceadmiral, a younger son of Sir Roger Mostyn, bart. (1675-1739) [q. v.], was on 2 March 1733-4 promoted to be lieutenant of the Pembroke. He afterwards served in the Britannia, flagship of Sir John Norris [q. v.], and on 3 July 1739 was promoted to be commander of the Duke, fireship attached to the fleet off Cadiz under Rear-admiral Nicholas Haddock [q. v.], by whom, on 17 Dec. 1739, he was posted to the Seaford. The rank was confirmed by the admiralty to 6 March 173940. In April he was appointed to the Winchelsea, and towards the end of the year to the 60-gun ship Deptford, one of the fleet which went out to the West Indies with Sir Chaloner Ogle (d. 1751) [q. v.], and, under Vice-admiral Edward Vernon [q. v.], took part in the operations against Cartagena in March and April 1741. In December 1743

he was appointed to the Suffolk, one of the fleet with Sir John Norris off Dungeness, on 24 Feb. 1743-4.

In April he was moved to the Hampton Court, one of four ships which, on 29 Dec. 1744, lost sight of the fleet in the Soundings, and while looking for it broad off Ushant, fell in with two French ships of the line on 6 Jan. 1744-5. Two of the English ships, the Captain [see GRIFFIN, THOMAS, d. 1771] and the Sunderland, parted company [see BRETT, JOHN]. The Hampton Court and Dreadnought continued the chase; but, although the Hampton Court came up with the French ships, Mostyn did not engage, as the Dreadnought was then four or five miles astern. During the night and the next day the ships continued near each other, but the Dreadnought could not come up with the enemy; Mostyn would not engage without her; and thus the two Frenchmen got safely into Brest (Mostyn to the Secretary of the Admiralty, 23 Jan.; Voyages and Cruises of Commodore Walker, pp. 27 et seq.; LAUGHTON, Studies in Naval History, p. 231). In England Mostyn's conduct evoked unfavourable comment, and at his request the admiralty ordered a court-martial, but without appointing a prosecutor. The evidence brought before the court was to the effect that in the fresh breeze that was blowing the Hampton Court lay along so much that her lower deck ports were under water, and that her main-deck guns, with extreme elevation, would not have carried more than fifty yards, while the French ships were remarkably stiff and all their guns were effective. There was no cross-examination, and the court decided that Mostyn had done 'his duty as an experienced good officer, and as a man of courage and conduct' (Minutes of the Court-martial, published 1745, 8vo). It was probably influenced by the fact that Daniel Finch, second earl of Winchilsea, Mostyn's maternal uncle, had only just gone out of office as first lord of the admiralty and might hold that office again. Afterwards, in letters to the admiralty, Mostyn persistently urged that the ship's spars and weights ought to be reduced; that, if their lordships will give me leave to say, we have too much top for our bottom' (Captains' Letters, M. 11). It may be that his judgment and seamanship were more at fault than his personal courage; but public opinion was far from accepting the court's decision, which was palpably absurd, and was severely criticised in a pamphlet attributed to Admiral Vernon (An Enquiry into the Conduct of Captain Mostyn, being Remarks on the Minutes of the Court-martial and other Incidental Matters. Humbly

addressed to the Honourable House of Commons by a Sea Officer, 1745, 8vo). Nearly a year afterwards, in November, Mostyn, still in command of the Hampton Court, was hooted out of Portsmouth dockyard and harbour by workmen and sailors calling out, All's well! there's no Frenchman in the way!' (CHARNOCK, iv. 431).

In the early months of 1746 Mostyn, still in the Hampton Court, commanded a cruising squadron in the Bay of Biscay. In July 1747 he was returned to parliament as member for Weobley in Herefordshire, and continued to represent the constituency till his death. On 22 March 1749 he was appointed comptroller of the navy. This office he resigned to accept his promotion to flag rank, 4 Feb. 1755, and in the summer of that year was second in command of the fleet sent to North America under the command of Vice-admiral Boscawen [q. v.] During the following year he was second in command of the western squadron under the command, successively, of Hawke, Boscawen, and Knowles. In April 1757 he was appointed a junior lord in the short-lived administration of the admiralty by the Earl of Winchilsea, which terminated in June. He died 16 Sept. 1757. A portrait of Mostyn in early youth was engraved by T. Worlidge. [Charnock's Biog. Nav. iv. 429; official letters and other documents in the Public Record Office; other authorities in the text.]

J. K. L.

MOTHERBY, GEORGE, M.D. (17321793), medical writer, born in Yorkshire in 1732, practised as a physician at Highgate, Middlesex. He died at Beverley, Yorkshire, in the summer of 1793 (Gent. Mag. 1793, pt. ii. p. 771). He compiled 'A new! Medical Dictionary,' fol. London, 1776 or 1778 (2nd edit. 1785). Other editions, carefully revised by George Wallis, M.D., appeared in 1791, 1795, and 1801; the two last issues were in two volumes.

[Reuss's Register of Authors; Watt's Bibl. Brit.]

G. G.

MOTHERWELL, WILLIAM (17971835), poet, born in Glasgow 13 Oct. 1797, was the son of an ironmonger, descended from an old Stirlingshire family. In his childhood the home was changed to Edinburgh. Here he began his education, which he completed by further school training at Paisley (residing there with an uncle). After studying classics for a year at Glasgow University (1818-19), he was received into the office of the sheriff-clerk at Paisley, and from May 1819 to November 1829 was sheriff-clerk depute of Renfrewshire. As a youth he had very advanced political opinions,

VOL. XXXIX.

but unpleasant personal relations with the ardent reformers whom he encountered transformed him into a zealous tory. For a time he was a trooper in the Renfrewshire yeomanry cavalry, and he became a respectable boxer and swordsman.

Motherwell wrote verse from an early age. The ballad Jeanie Morrison' was sketched in his fourteenth year, and published in an Edinburgh periodical in 1832. In 1818 Motherwell wrote verses for the Greenock Visitor.' He edited, with a preface, in 1819, 'The Harp of Renfrewshire,' a collection of songs by local authors. In 1824, under the pseudonym of Isaac Brown, late manufacturer in the Plunkin of Paisley,' he published Renfrewshire Characters and Scenery,' a good-natured local sketch in Spenserian stanza. In 1827 appeared in small 4to 'Minstrelsy Ancient and Modern,' a judicious collection of ballads, with a learned and discriminating introduction. This brought him into friendly relations with Scott.

In 1828 Motherwell conducted the 'Paisley Magazine,' and he edited the 'Paisley Advertiser' from 1828 to 1830, when he left Paisley to be editor of the 'Glasgow Courier.' In both Paisley papers he inserted many lyrics by himself. At Glasgow he threw himself with ardour into his work at an exciting and exacting time, and under his supervision his journal was distinguished by freshness and vigour. While editing the 'Courier' he wrote pretty largely for the 'Day,' a Glasgow periodical begun in 1832. In that year, too, he contributed a discursive preface to Andrew Henderson's Scottish Proverbs,' and issued his own 'Poems, Narrative and Lyrical.' In 1835 Motherwell collaborated with Hogg in an edition of Burns, to which he supplied valuable notes. His recent biographers are astray in crediting him with the bulk of the accompanying biography of Burns, which, with an acknowledged exception, is clearly self with Orangeism, he was summoned to the work of Hogg. Having identified him- London in 1835 to give information on the subject before a special committee. Under examination he completely broke down, showing strange mental unreadiness and confusion, and was promptly sent home. For a time he seemed likely to recover, but the disease developed, and he died at Glasgow of apoplexy on 1 Nov. 1835.

A restrained conversationalist, Motherwell could be eager and even vehement when deeply moved, and with kindred spirits— such as R. A. Smith, the musician, and others of the 'Whistle Binkie' circle-he was both easy and affable. His social instinct and public spirit are illustrated in his