trees and cultivating cabbages in the open air for the first time in Scotland. On the dissolution of Walpole's Ministry in 1742, Lord Stair was recalled to public life, appointed Commander-in-Chief of the allied army in Flanders, and fought with King George at Dettingen. Earl John died at Edinburgh, 1747, aged 74. Among his successors were Captain John Dalrymple, fifth Earl (cousin of William, fourth Earl of Dumfries, and also fourth Earl of Stair, under the patent), author of various political treatises, and John, eighth Earl, son of Sir John Dalrymple of Cranston, author of "Memoirs of Great Britain and. Ireland." The present holder of the honours is John, tenth Earl of Stair, who, when Lord Dalrymple, sat as M.P. for Wigtownshire, 1841-56; and was Lord High Commissioner to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland, 1869-72. His eldest son, Viscount Dalrymple, unsuccessfully contested Wigtownshire in the Liberal interest, when he was defeated by Sir Herbert Maxwell (Conservative), the voters polled being 768 to 782.

KELBURNE, HAWKHEAD, AND EARLS OF
GLASGOW.

DESCENDED from a house famous over five hundred years since for its long descent famous even among houses of such high repute as the Comyns and Mures, the Boyles of Kelburne have for generation after generation taken a prominent part in the public business of Ayrshire and Renfrewshire, and, indeed, of the West of Scotland generally. Seated almost as early as authentic records reach at Kelburne, Largs parish, the most northerly in Cunningham or North Ayrshire, a marriage with an heiress of George, Lord Ross, brought, about the middle of last century, the lands of Hawkhead, Renfrewshire, to the Boyle of

his day (1754), then John, third Earl of Glasgow. A Richard Boyle, of Kelburne, is known to have married, about 1260, Anicia, daughter of Sir Gilchrist Mure, of Rowallan, by his wife, daughter and heiress of that Walter Comyn who had early in the reign of Alexander III. (1249-86) succeeded in expelling the Mures from their Ayrshire possessions. Sir John Boyle, a descendant in the sixth generation, adhered to the cause of James III. as against his son, put forward by the discontented nobles, and fell on the field of Sauchieburn, near Stirling, where the King himself was treacherously murdered, 1488. As the houses of Cochrane and Boyle came to have an early as well as a late connection through marriage, so had the Boyles a double connection with the Rosses, Lords of Hawkhead, for in addition to the heiress, Elizabeth, mentioned above, John Boyle, son of the John who fell at Sauchie, married Agnes, daughter of the first Lord Ross of Hawkhead. He afterwards fell at Flodden (1513), where his brother-in-law, John, Lord Ross, was also slain. A son, John Boyle, got a charter of the lands of Ballehewin, Meikle Cumbrae, and was also made hereditary coroner of the island. An only surviving son was John Boyle of Halkshill, whose great-grandson, David, married his cousin, the heiress of Kelburne, and carried on the family succession. This heiress was Grizel Boyle, daughter of John of Kelburne by Agnes, only daughter of Sir John Maxwell of Pollok, and Margaret, daughter of William Cunningham of Caprington; issue three sons and one daughter. The eldest, John of Kelburne, sat as member for Buteshire in the Parliament of 1681. By his marriage with Marion, daughter of Sir William Steuart of Allanton, John Boyle, left with a daughter, two sons, David, raised to the peerage as first Earl of Glasgow, and William, a Commissioner of Customs for Scotland, who died in 1685.

David Boyle of Kelburne, after sitting as member for Bute in the Convention Parliament of 1689, was sworn of the Privy Council, and on 31st January, 1699, created a Peer by the title of Lord Boyle of Kelburne, Stewarton, Cumbrae, Largs, and Dalry, with remainder to his issue, male and heirs-male whatsoever. By patent, dated 12th April, 1703, Lord Boyle was advanced to the dignity of

Earl of Glasgow, the Crown acknowledging thereby his zeal for the Protestant succession and patriotic endeavour to check the plots of disaffected Jacobites. Earl David some years earlier had succeeded the Duke of Lennox as Bailie of the Regality of Glasgow, an office which empowered the holder to appoint the Provost as well as the lesser Magistrates of the City. In 1706 Earl David was appointed Lord High Commissioner to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland, and filled that office for four successive years afterwards. Chosen for a second time a representative Peer at the general election of 1708, he was the same year constituted Lord-Clerk Register for Scotland, and discharged for six years the duties of that high office of State, which has since again fallen to his descendant, the present George Frederick Boyle, sixth Earl of Glasgow. At a threatening period of Mar's rebellion in 1715, Earl David made offer to George I. of 1000 men at his own expense for the service of the Government, and personally took an active part besides, in training the fencible men of Ayrshire. His Lordship died 1st November, 1733. Earl David was twice married, first to Margaret Crawford, eldest daughter of Patrick of Kilbirnie, sister of John, first Viscount Garnock, and in whose right, under an entail, the estates of Crawford Priory, Kilbirnie, &c., came into the possession of George Boyle, fourth Earl of Glasgow, on the death of Lady Mary Lindsay Crawford, unmarried, 1833. By this, his first marriage, Earl David had four sons, the eldest being John, his successor and second Earl, born 1697; a younger, Patrick, studied for the law, passing advocate 1712, and was elevated to the bench as Lord Shewalton on the death of James Elphinstone, Lord Balmerinoch, December, 1746. Lord Shewalton died at Drumlanrig, 31st March, 1761, unmarried. Earl David married secondly, Jane, daughter and heiress of William Mure of Rowallan, and by her had two daughters (1) Anne, who died unmarried, and (2) Jane of Rowallan, married to Sir James Campbell of Lawers, a distinguished military officer who fought at Dettingen, and fell at Fontenoy, commanding the British horse, 29th April, 1745. Their son, James Mure-Campbell of Lawers, succeeded as Earl of Loudoun, and assumed the additional surname of Muir on inheriting the Ayrshire estates of his

grandmother, the second Countess of Glasgow, mentioned above, who died September, 1724. Earl David died 1st November, 1733, and was succeeded by his eldest son, John, as second Earl,

John, second Earl of Glasgow, born 1687, died at Kelburne, May, 1740, aged 53 years, leaving by his wife Helen, daughter of William Morrison of Prestongrange, with other issue, two sons—(1) John, his successor, and (2) Patrick, father of David Boyle, Lord Justice-General, and President of the Court of Session (1811-1852), from whom descended that family of the Boyles of Shewalton, presently represented by David, Captain R.N., son of Patrick, of Shewalton, born May, 1833, and married July, 1873, Dorothea, eldest daughter of Sir Edward Hunter Blair, Bart., with issue three sons and three daughters.

John, third Earl of Glasgow, born 4th November, 1714, entered the army, in which he rose to the rank of captain, and was severely wounded in two historical engagements-Fontenoy, April, 1745, and Laffeldt, July, 1747. In 1764 he was called upon to fill the office, previously in his family, of Lord High Commissioner to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland, and continued the same for eight successive years. Earl John died on 7th March, 1775, the memory of the brave soldier being affectionately commemorated at the desire of his widowed Countess by the erection of a marble memorial in a romantic situation within the grounds of Kelburne, on the banks of Kelburne Water. Earl John married Elizabeth, second daughter of George, thirteenth Lord Ross of Hawkhead, and sole heiress of her brother William, fourteenth Lord Ross, who died August, 1754, after enjoying the honours of that very ancient lordship for only a few weeks. In a settlement made by the above George Lord Ross, in 1751, the destination was confined first to heirs-male of his body, and, failing them, to his daughters and their heirs. The Ross Barony of Hawkhead thereupon passed to John, third Earl Glasgow, and has ever since remained in the family, the succeeding Earl George, father of the present Earl, being in 1815 made a Peer of the United Kingdom as Baron Ross of Hawkhead. The other Ross property of Balnagowan, Ross-shire, passed, after a brief litigation, to his Lordship's cousin, Sir James Lockhart, second

baronet of Carstairs, whose mother, Grizel, was the third daughter of William, twelfth Lord Ross. In the Parliamentary Return of Owners of Lands and Heritages (1874), Hawkhead is entered as comprising 4453 acres, with a gross annual rental of £6811, exclusive of minerals, £480. The mansion-houseoriginally a plain, square tower-built near a bend of the White Cart, but well screened from that now scarcely pure stream, and with ground on every side otherwise well wooded, was greatly added to in 1634 by James, fourth Lord Ross, and his lady, Dame Margaret Scott, eldest daughter of that Walter, first Lord Scott of Buccleuch, by Mary, daughter of Sir William Kerr of Cessford, and sister of Robert, first Earl of Roxburghe, her husband being celebrated also in Border minstrelsy as directing the rescue of "Kinmont Will" from Carlisle Castle. At Hawkhead an entertainment is said to have been given in October, 1681, by the loyalist William tenth, Lord Ross, to James, Duke of York (afterwards King James II. of England), kinsman to that Countess Anne of Buccleuch who, "in pride of youth and beauty's bloom, had wept o'er Monmouth's bloody tomb." This Countess Anne was grand-niece of Dame Margaret Scott, mentioned above as having married James, fourth Lord Ross, progenitor of the noble host who entertained Monmouth's uncle at Hawkhead. For much of its modern attractions-its trim gardens, its pleasant walks, and its shaded bowers-Hawkhead, house, and grounds, is indebted to the care and munificence of Elizabeth Ross, Countess of John, third Earl, who in 1782 gave her old family mansion such thorough repairs and seemly additions as has made it one of the most desirable residences in the county. It was lately (1884) occupied by the Hon. T. Cochrane and his wife, the Lady Gertrude Boyle, eldest daughter of the Earl of Glasgow.

Succeeding John came George, fourth Earl of Glasgow, G.C.H., F.R.S., born 26th March, 1766, and elevated to the British Peerage as Baron of Hawkhead, Renfrew, 11th August, 1815; a Captain in the West Lowland Fencibles; Colonel of the Renfrewshire Militia; Lord-Lieutenant of that county, and afterwards of Ayrshire; a representative Peer prior to his elevation as Baron Ross of Hawkhead; and Lord Rector of Glasgow University, 1817. On the death of his relative, Lady