Page images
PDF
EPUB

§ 47. Notes on some Cases of the Third Declension.

(a) Nouns having -im in Accusative, and -i in Ablative.

1. Vis, ravis, pelvis, sitis, tussis,
2. Sinapis, cucumis, ǎmussis,
3. Praesēpis, cannabis, secūris,
4. Charybdis, tigris, atque būris,
5. Et Propria Nomina in -IS,
6. Ut Syrtis, Tibris, Tamesis'.

(b) Nouns having -em or -im in Acc., and -e or -i in Abl.

1. Restis, puppis, turris, navis, 2. Strigilis, sementis, clavis,

3. Messis, febris, et aqualis,

4. -em vel -im dant, utrum malis2.

(c) Nouns having Acc. in -em but Abl. in -e or -i.

1. Amnis, anguis, avis, bilis,

2. Civis, ignis, imber, finis,

3. Neptis, orbis, patruelis,

4. Postis, unguis, -i si velis 3.

(d) Neuters in -e, -al, -ar, make -i in Abl. Sing., -ia in N. V. A. Pl.

(e) Rules for the Genitive Plural.

(A) Nouns not increasing make -ium, except apis, a bee, and

1. Vates, and proles, juvenis, senex, canis,

2. Accipiter, pater, mater, frater, panis *.

(B) Nouns increasing make -um, except,

1. Monosyllabic Nouns of which the stem ends in two Consonants, as, dens, tooth, dent-, Gen. Pl. dent-ium.

2.

(1) Glis, mas, mus, lis,

(2) Compes, palus* and penātes,

(3) Nix, strix, faux, vis,

(4) Servitus*, and optimates 5.

3. Neuters in -al and -ar, as, animal, animal, calcar, spur.

4. Nouns in -as, Gen. -atis, as civitas, state, and many Nouns and Participles in -ns, as parens, a parent, sapiens, wise, have both -ium and -um in Gen. Pl.

5.

(1) Sans Plural Genitives we class

(2) Cor, cos, and rus, sal, sol, and vas 6.

1 Line 1. force, hoarseness, basin, thirst, cough; 2. mustard, cucumber, carpenter's rule; 3. enclosure, hemp, axe; 4. Charybdis, tiger, plough-tail; 5. and Proper Names in -is; 6. as Syrtis, Tiber, Thames.

2 Line 1. rope, stern, tower, ship; 2. flesh-scraper, seed-sowing, key; 3. harvest, fever, washing-basin; 4. give -em or -im, whichever you prefer.

3 Line 1. river, snake, bird, bile; 2. citizen, fire, shower, end; 3. granddaughter, circle, cousin; 4. door-post, nail, -i if you like.

+ Line 1. prophet, offspring, young man, old man, dog; 2. hawk, father, mother, brother, bread.

5 Line 1. dormouse, male, mouse, lawsuit; 2. fetter, marsh, household gods; 3. snow, screech-owl, throat, force; 4. slavery, aristocrats. Those marked * have both -ium and -um.

6 Line 2. heart, whetstone, country, salt, sun, surety. Sans means without.

PART II. EXERCISES.

VOCABULARY I.

First Declension.

The Genders of Nouns are not indicated unless they are exceptions

to the General Rules given in §§ 6, 7, 9, 10, 11.

Cottă, Cotta [a man's name].

filiă, a daughter (see Note).

hastă, a spear.

insaniă, madness.

insulă, an island.

naută, a sailor.

poētă, a poet.

puellă, a girl.

Romă, Rome.

rosă, a rose.

sapientiă, wisdom.

terră, land, earth.

turbă, a crowd.

viă, a way, road, path.

Note.-Filia makes filiabus in the Dative and Ablative Plural.

[blocks in formation]

EXERCISE I.

First Declension.

Translate into English1:

(a) Viae2. Insaniae. Filiă. Filia. Sapientia poetae. Poetarum sapientia.

(b) Filiae.

Rosis. Rosarum.

Hastarum. Rosam. Viă. Turbis. Filia-
Insaniă poetae.

bus. Turbae Sapientiā.

(c) Hastae turbarum. Poetarum filiabus. Hastis. Fili

arum. Romă. Romā.

(d) Insularum viae. Puellis. Nautarum. (e) Viarum terrae.

[blocks in formation]

Insania puellae. Hastā Cottae. Cottă.
Terrae.

Filiă nautae. Nautarum filiabus.
Insaniam Cottae. Turbae

Nautae filia. Cottae filiarum. puellarum.

Translate into Latin :

(f) of a spear. To or for a sailor. O daughters. By,

with, or from madness.

Of paths. To or for a girl. To or

for the daughters. O sailor.

(g) From Rome. To the lands. of Cotta. Of the paths of the island. To or for the daughters of the sailors. spear.

Of the girls. O roses
O daughter of Cotta.
By, with, or from a

(h) Cotta's daughter. The poet's rose. The poet's roses. By the madness of the girls. For the roses of the daughter. For the sailor's daughter. For the sailor's daughters. O sailor's daughter.

(i) Of the poet's wisdom. By the roads of the islands. O daughters of the poet. O poet's daughter. The crowd's wisdom. By the crowd's madness. Of sailors. For an island.

(k) By, with, or from the paths of the earth. O earth. O lands. Of the spear of Cotta. Of Cotta's spears. To or for Rome. By the roses of Cotta. For the wisdom of the girls.

1 Do not assign a Plural to Nouns which from their meaning have no Plural, such as names of qualities, as insania, madness.

2 In translating be careful to give all the possible meanings of the Latin word. Thus, viae may be (1) Genitive Singular, (2) Dative Singular, (3) Nominative Plural, (4) Vocative Plural, and its meanings vary accordingly: insaniae could only be Genitive Singular or Dative Singular, as the word has no Plural.

EXERCISE II.

Second Declension.

Translate into English:

(a) Agri. Venena. Filii. Fili1. Servii. Quinti. Servi. Socero.

(b) Genero Servii. Tela soceri. Scuta generorum. Agro Quinti. Gladio ministri. Ministrorum gladiis. (c) Muris et fluviis. Murorum fluviorumque. Oculo pueri. Bellorum et gladiorum et scutorum. Generis socerisque et ministris. Telorum pueri. Quinti Serviique oculis. Quinti gladius et scutum.

(d) Scuta gladiique ministrorum. Scuto gladioque soceri. Fluvii et campi. Tela et venena Quinti. Quinti Serviique generi. Generi socerique oculis. Scuta Servii. Oculorum pueri.

Translate into Latin :

(e) Of an eye. Of poisons. Of rivers and plains. O Quintus and Servius. To or for the sons of Quintus and Servius. The weapons of the father-in-law. For the sons

of the attendant. By, with, or from rivers and plains.

Of

(ƒ) O son. O Servius. By, with, or from wars. wars and weapons. O son-in-law of Servius. O father-inTo or for plains and wars and

law of the attendant.
poisons. By the poisons of the boys.

To or

(g) O sons and sons-in-law of Quintus. The boy's sword and shield. The boys' eyes. Of the boy's weapon. for the boys' weapons. The attendant's son. Of the attendants' sons. O son of the attendant.

(h) By, with, or from the walls and fields and rivers and plains. By the father-in-law's weapons. For the son-inlaw's field. O swords of Quintus. O wall and plain. Of weapons and poisons. For Quintus' son. For the sons' attendants.

1 See note on the Vocative of the 2nd Declension, p. 4.

EXERCISE III.

Third Declension.

Note.-Translate et.

...

Nouns in -um

et, -que . . . et, by both ... and. Thus, et pastores et milites, or pastoresque et milites, is translated 'both shepherds and soldiers.'

[blocks in formation]

(a) Arbori. Capitis. Corpora. Cruribus. Ducum. Hectori. Hirundines. Hominum.

(b) Honore.

Leones. Militibus. Militi. Mulier. Mu

liĕres. Onĕra. Oris.

(c) Capite Hectoris. Sacerdotis pedum. Onĕra milītis. Caput pectusque hominis. Leōnis crura. Onĕri pastōris.

Et sacerdotes et duces.

(d) Pastoris os pectusque. Oneribusque et honoribus militum. Hirundinum pectoribus. Arborumque et corporum. Corpora et ora pastōrum. Mulieribus et sacerdotibus. Muliĕrum sacerdotumque pedes. Hominis honōri.

Translate into Latin:

(e) To or for a mouth.

Of soldiers. By Hector. From

women. To or for a burden. Of shepherds.

By feet.

(f) Leaders of men. bodies. Hector's trees. priest. The feet of the

women.

O mouths.

[blocks in formation]

(g) From the priest's burden. The honours both of Hector and the general. O feet and legs of the lions. From the breasts of men and women. The mouths both of soldiers and priests. For the burdens of the women and soldiers. Both for swallows and, trees.

For the man and woman.

(h) For men's bodies. By leaders of men. To a leader both of men and women. For the priest's honour. For the priests' heads and legs. O honours and burdens of men. O bodies of Hector and the soldier. The mouths and feet of the lions.

« PreviousContinue »