7. Give an abstract, in English, of the famous passage in the De Falsa Legatione, beginning νόσημα γὰρ, ὦ ἄνδρες Αθηναῖοι, ἐμπέπτωκεν εἰς τὴν Ἑλλάδα, κ.τ.λ.

8. What was the secret of the influence of Phocion at Athens? Quote the remark of Polyeuctus contrasting Phocion's oratorical powers with those of Demosthenes.

9. What appears to have been the political position of Demosthenes at Athens when delivering the Olynthiac Speeches ? What three

measures does he constantly urge upon the Athenians ?

10. Sketch the character of Philip of Macedon, pointing out the various causes which contributed to his successes.

Translate the following passages :

1. Beginning, De qua, si iam nollem ita diluere crimen, Ending, non dubitavit aedificium exstruere in alieno.

2. Beginning, Haec ut colligeres, homo amentissime, Ending, istius vitiorum peccatorumque largitur.

......

Pro Milone, xxvii.

Phil. Sec., xvii.

3. Beginning, Ambigua sunt in primis acuta atque in verbo..... Ending, nisi si quando incidit in aliud genus ridiculi.

De Oratore, 62.

1. Draw a chronological table of the life of Cicero, giving the dates of the following events:-Birth of Cicero: speech for Manilian Law; speech for Milo: against Catiline: death of Caesar: Cicero's banishment and proconsulship, and death.

2. Translate and write notes on the following passages:

(a). Quamquam de morte Clodii fuit quaestio-non satis prudenter illa quidem constituta-quaesitum est tamen.

(b). Constitue hoc, consul, aliquando, Brutorum, C. Cassii, Cn. Domitii, C. Trebonii, reliquorum, quam velis esse causam. (c). Cur M. Brutus, referente te, legibus est solutus, si ab urbe plus quam decem dies afuisset?

(d). Si stilus meus ille fuisset, ut dicitur, mihi crede, non solum unum actum, sed totam fabulam confecissem.

(e). Tum existimavit se suo iure cum Hippia vivere et equos vectigales Sergio mimo tradere.

(f). Nos enim nuntiationem solum habemus, consules et reliqui magistratus etiam spectionem.

(g). Ille erat ut odisset primum defensorem salutis meae, deinde vexatorem furoris.

3. What is the derivation of facinus, flagitium, emolumentum, trucido, annona, dumtaxat ?

4. Write a note on the use of equidem by Latin authors.

5. Mention some of the best ambigua in the second book De Oratore. 6. How can C. Gracchus be considered as the founder of Roman democracy? Who were his successors? And who were the great representatives of the opposite side?

7. What were the chief points of weakness in the Roman state in the early part of the first century? In what wars were these points

exposed ?

8. What events happened in the following years B. C.: 121; 102; 90; 48; 47; 43; 39?

9. With what other great statesmen has Cæsar been compared, and why?

10. When did the Romans begin transmarine colonization ?

MR. POOLE.

Translate the following into Greek prose:

Iphicrates, who knew that, in affairs of war especially, there are certain favourable and decisive moments, which it is absolutely proper to seize, judged quite differently; and in despair to see an opportunity suffered to escape, that might never be retrieved, he earnestly demanded permission to go at least with the twenty thousand men under his command. Pharnabazus refused to comply with that demand, out of abject jealousy; apprehending, that if the enterprise succeeded, the whole glory of the war would redound to Iphicrates. This delay gave the Egyptians time to look about them. They drew all their troops together into a body, put a good garrison into Memphis, and with the rest of their army kept the field, and harassed the Persians in such a manner that they prevented their advancing farther into the country. After which came on the inundation of the Nile, which laying all Egypt under water, the Persians were obliged to return into Phoenicia, after having lost ineffectually a considerable part of their troops.-ROLLIN.

Translate the following into Latin prose:

The last cause of this disobedient spirit in the colonies is hardly less powerful than the rest, as it is not merely moral, but laid deep in the natural constitution of things. Three thousand miles of ocean lie between you and them. No contrivance can prevent the effect of this distance in weakening government. Seas roll, and months pass, between the order and the execution; and the want of a speedy explanation of a single point is enough to defeat a whole system. You have, indeed, winged ministers of vengeance, who carry your bolts to the remotest verge of the sea. But there a power steps in, that limits the arrogance

of raging passions and furious elements, and says, "So far shalt thou go, and no farther." Who are you, that should fret and rage, and bite the chains of nature? Nothing worse happens to you than does to all nations who have extensive empire; and it happens in all the forms into which empire can be thrown. In large bodies, the circulation of power must be less vigorous at the extremities. Nature has said it. The Turk cannot govern Egypt as he governs Thrace. The Sultan gets such obedience as he can. He governs with a loose rein, that he may govern at all; and the whole of the force and vigour of his authority in his centre is derived from a prudent relaxation in all his borders.—BURKE.

Translate one of the following passages as directed.

For Greek Verse:

Hadst thou but shook thy head or made a pause,
When I spake darkly what I purposed;
Or turn'd an eye of doubt upon my face,

As bid me tell my tale in express words;

Deep shame had struck me dumb, made me break off,
And those thy fears might have wrought fears in me:
But thou didst understand me by my signs,

And didst in signs again parley with sin;
Yea, without stop, didst let thy heart consent,
And, consequently, thy rude hand to act

The deed, which both our tongues held vile to name.
Out of my sight, and never see me more.

Brave shades of chiefs and sages,

Behold the coming strife!

Hellénes of past ages,

Oh, start again to life!

At the sound of my trumpet, breaking
Your sleep, oh, join with me!
And the seven-hill'd city seeking,
Fight, conquer, till we're free.
Sparta, Sparta, why in slumbers
Lethargic dost thou lie?
Awake and join thy numbers
With Athens, old ally!
Leonidas recalling,

That chief of ancient song,
Who saved ye once from falling,

The terrible! the strong!

Who made that bold diversion

In old Thermopylæ,

While warring with the Persian
To keep his country free.

SHAKESPEARE.

BYRON.

EXAMINATION FOR THE BERKELEY MEDALS.

THE ORPHIC ARGONAUTICA.

DR. INGRAM.

Translate the following passages, adding such comments as may seem necessary :

I. Beginning, αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ σίτοιο ποτοῦ θ ̓ ἅλις ἔλπετο θυμός, κ. τ. λ.
Ending, ἡρώων παλάμῃσιν ὑπὸ στιβαρῇσιν ἀπειθής.

Argon., 236-249.

2. Beginning, τοῦ δέ οἱ εἰσαΐοντος ἐπαχνώθη φίλον ἦτορ, κ. τ. λ. Ending, ἡμετέρῃ πίσυνος κιθάρῃ, διὰ θέσκελον ὀμφήν.

Ibid., 695-710. 3. Beginning, πρόσθε γὰρ Αιήταο δόμων ποταμοῖό τ' ἐραννοῦ, κ.τ.λ. Ending, λύσσαν ἐπιπνείουσα πυριγλήνοις σκυλάκεσσιν.

Ibid., 897-913. 4. Beginning, Α δειλή, τί νύ σοι τοίην Κύπρις ὤπασε μοῖραν ; κ. τ. λ. Ending, προστροπίους· τοίῳ σφι λύθρῳ πεπαλαγμένοι ἐστέ. Ibid., 1231-1241.

I. Discuss the question of the age of the Orphic Argonautica, considering (α) the language, (6) the versification, and (c) the geographical ideas of the writer. What external evidence have we on the subject, and what appears to be the value of it?

2. What is the most remarkable peculiarity of this author's Greek ? Give a full account of it. Are any traces of the usage found elsewhere?

3. Write notes on the wordsἀβολέω, ἀϊδνός, διωλύγιος, ἐπινήχυτος, τόμουρος, χαμαίζηλος, χαλαζαῖος.

4. What are the meanings of ἀνερείπομαι, δοκεύω, ἐπιμαίομαι, ήπεραπεύω, σείριος, in this poem and in Homer

5.

νείατον εἰς κευθμώνα, λιτῆς εἰς πυθμένα γαίης.

The sense of Autós here has been thought capable of illustration from Pindar? How does Hermann explain the word?

6.

κακότητι

ἕξομαι, εἰ νήεσσιν ἐριννύσιν ἆσσον ἵκωμαι.

What pertain emendation of this passage has been proposed ?

7. How does this poem represent the Argo to have returned to Greece ? What is the account in Apollonius? and what seems to have been Pindar's view ?

8. What evidence have we for the opinion that in early times maritime expeditions were successfully conducted to much greater distances than has been commonly supposed?

9. Give a sketch of what is told us by Greek writers down to Aristotle, respecting Orpheus and the Orphic rites.

APOLLONIUS.

MR. PALMER.

Translate the following passages, correcting any false MS. readings :1. Beginning, τῷ ἴκελος πρὸ πόληος ἀνὰ στίβον ἤϊεν ἥρως. κ. τ. λ. Ending, αἰδομένη μύθοισι προσέννεπεν αἱμυλίοισι.

Argsn., B. i. 781-793.

2. Beginning, αἰνότατον δὴ κεῖνο Δολιονίῃσι γυναιξὶν, κ. τ. λ. Ending, πανδήμοιο μύλης πελάνους ἐπαλετρεύουσιν.

Ibid., B. i. 1071–1079.

3. Beginning, οἱ δ ̓ ἄρα λυσάμενοι Ἱερῆς ἐκ πείσματα πέτρης, κ. τ. λ. Ending, δαίμονος οὐρείης ἱερὸν βρέτας· ἔξεσε δ ̓ ̓́Αργος.

Ibid., B. i. 1108-1119.

4. Beginning, ἀλλὰ διὲκ νεφέων ἄφνω πέλας ἀΐσσουσαι, κ. τ. λ. Ending, καὶ τάφον.

Ibid., B. ii. 176–207.

Ibid., B. ii. 733-741.

5. Beginning, ἐκ δ ̓ αὐτῆς εἴσω κατακέκλιται ἤπειρόνδε, κ. τ. λ. Ending, φύλλων τε πνοιῇσι τινασσομένων μυχίῃσιν.

6. Beginning, κεῖτο γὰρ εἱαμενῇ δονακώδεος ἐν ποταμοῖο, κ. τ. λ. Ending, ἀΐγδην, μέσσας δὲ σὺν ὀστέῳ ἶνας ἔκερσεν.

Ibid., B. ii. 817-826.

1. It has been remarked that Apollonius possesses a fault common to imitative poets?

2. What portions of the Argonautic expedition have been treated by Theocritus? The superiority of Theocritus is apparent ?

3. In what words do Longinus and Quintilian speak of the style of Apollonius ?

4. Who were the chief scholiasts on Apollonius, and what was their date?

5. ἐμὲ δ' εὗρε νέον χνοάοντα παρείας. So the Etymologicum Magnum. What is the reading of this verse in the MSS.?

6. The phrase ἐνὶ χερσὶν ἑαῖς, in the third passage printed above, may be illustrated from Virgil and Euripides?

7. Write notes on the meaning and usage of the following words in Homer and Apollonius: ἐντυπάς, ἴσκεν, ἀδινός, δεδουπώς, ὑποβλήδην.