Page images
PDF
EPUB

THE MUSAEID.

No. V. THURSDAY, APRIL 25, 1822.

Quid rides? mutato nomine, de te Fabala narratur. HOR. Change but the name, and, what you think your friend, You'll find yourself; then laugh not, but amend.

We prefer the Concerts to the Assemblies. Bad taste, we know, some of our fashionables will call it; but not bad feeling, at any rate, for every body seems happier at the Concerts. All the discontents and jealousies, disappointments, envies and vexations, which so mightily prevail at the one, seem wholly to be laid aside or forgotten at the other. There are no anxious inammas fidgetting to display their daughters; no daughters sighing to find themselves outshone; no rival fair ones stratagematizing for superiority of attraction; no manoeuvring for partners; no laying out for beaux ; no fond lovers jealous of their mistresses' flirtations, or gloomed by their neglect; no systems of distinction and exclusion; or if such things be they are not the bases but the adjuvants of the scene. Besides these, the Concert has other advantages, negative to be sure in their nature, but positive in their effects. We do not go there to submit our pleasures to the bumours and caprices of the company we meet; we do not depend for gratification on the smiles and good temper of this or that fair lady, nor on the talents and conversation of such and such a companion: we are not there bound to be pleased, delighted, charmed, enchanted, or, what is much the same thing, to appear pleased, delighted, charmed, enchanted, for a tedious two thousand seconds, with dulluess, titter and grimace. Oh! the horrors that we have endured in this way. Nor, ah us! are we obliged, on the other hand, at the expiration of a few fleeting minutes of enjoyment, to quit and surrender to some triumphant and fortunate successor, grace, beauty, wit, modesty and goodness, which might make us happy forever. Ah us, again! this too we have suffered.

But the Concert is a garden of the fairest flowers, where we human butterflies and bees flutter round the gay parterre, and skim the surface of a thousand hues and fragrancies, or rest in tranquil pleasure with some favourite blossom, and gather the delicacies of converse and the joys of sentiment, which bonied lips impart. Some people may think this metaphor too refined for the occasion, and indeed, from the difficulty we had in its composition, we are led to the suspicion that there is something in it more than natural,' and, only that we dislike the trouble of erasements, we would not suffer it to stand. Seldom has it been our lot to gather the sweets of intellect at the Concert. Occasionally we may have met with something conversible in female shape, but the general class of imaginations can only range among the feathers and the flowers, the features and the forms, the names and the occupations of the people that are present. We look for nothing more, and are therefore never disappointed. At the Assembly it is otherwise, the company there form the only entertainment, and when they are not amusing us with their heels, it is but natural to expect that the balance of diversion should be found in the opposi'e extremity. But alas, how the order of nature is inversed in a ball-room! The understanding sinks into the legs, and capers ascend into the head; and the body and the mind seem equally whirled into confusion.

But at the Concert, as we were saying, we are never disappointed. We have known the Concerts ever since we ran among the people's legs in the holidays, and we know what to expect there. We believe, if we could prove it, that it was at the Concerts we first learned to be pert. We can trace the degrees by which we advanced in presumption and consequence, from sitting betwixt our father and mother, with a frill neatly turned over the collar of our light blue jacket, the bow of a black ribbou peeping under our chin, the nankeen trowsers and the yellow gloves, in which we hardly dared bend our fingers; our eyes devoutly fixed on the performers, or cast

spruce

ing a sly and stolen glance of immoveable gravity on the dazzling chandeliers, the figurative embellishments of the walls, and the living scene of beauty on the benches; to our first parade in lapped coat and black silken neckcloth, when we had just sufficient confidence to reply, yes ma'am,' and 'yes sir,' to the enquiries whether we were pleased, or mournfully to ejaculate next week,' when asked how soon we should return to school, by some grave gentleman or lady who had formerly patted or stroked us on the head, and would now condescend to shake hands. From this period we cannot specificate the additional coxcombries which every half-year taught us to assume. But very soon, we remember, we felt in nowise dashed at addressing ourselves to the severest and most solemn personages, and would perk with our interrogatories and compliments to the gayest and the proudest belles of the company. Even now we think it is something of old recollection that fastens in our memories and makes us love this scene, associated with happiness and childhood, better than the gayer spectacles and amusements which we have entered upon in maturer age. It is the spirit of remembered pleasure which rises amid all the follies and distractions with which we must now commingle, and haunts us with its secret charm in the maze of tumult and dissipation, which without this consecrating influence must indeed appear despicable and absurd.

[ocr errors]

These reflections were suggested to us on Thursday last by meeting, at our first entering the room, an old lady whom seventeen years ago, we remember, accompanied our father and mother when they first took us to the Concert. We then thought her the wisest woman in the universe; and we have since had reason to know she is the best. How d'ye do, William,' said she, putting out her friendly hand, how d'ye do, my good boy?' 'Dear madam,' said we with emphasis, and for an instant all our quizzical intentions evaporated in a sigh, as deep as the grave of memory from which it was exhaled. How do we look, dear madam?' said we again, after a pause, and in a more lively tone than that in which we first addressed her, do you think we are improved since you first saw us at a concert, or are we as little changed as yourself?' again shaking her hand, and smiling pleasedly to see how well the old lady was looking. Our good friend shook her head, and pointing to her fair companion, bade us flatter Mary and not her,' and at the same time found a place for us betwixt them. We sate down according to her invitation, and the first act of the performance was passed in a delightful chitchat of events, past and present, and to come, in a flow of animated sentiment from the young lady, and of condescending cheerfulnesss from the old, which so abstracted us from surrounding objects, that in the centre of a gay and crowded assembly we had a retirement as perfect and entrancing as any which the heart could wish. When the orchestra was cleared, we remained for a few minutes absorbed in the contemplations to which the evening had given rise; we thought Mary had never appeared so enchanting before, and the amiable qualities of our good old friend had never been more eminent or pleasing. Is Mr. Volatile about to faint,' said the former, tapping us playfully on the shoulder with her fan. We started from our reverie. 'Wont you walk round the room?' said Mrs.

[ocr errors]

The interlude of bustle, clamour and confusion had commenced. The beaux were swarming in the alleys, each elbowing his passage to some prime point of particular attraction, and nodding most familiarly and grossly to any one he might recognize in his route, nods which so eloquently express I see you, but you're not worth stopping at." Remembering our design for the Musaeid, we hastily requested our old friend to reserve a seat for our return, and plunged into the stream, suffering the living current to carry us whithersoever it might please.

The first person we could find in our patience to notice was Miss Gossamer, and we hope you have been entertained,' was the only salutation which our invention could immediately suggest. Delighted; who's this,' using an arch and winking expression of

the eye towards a lady on her left. We did not know. 'Can you tell me who that is on the opposite side-there about the centre-she sits one, two, three, four-the sixth from Mrs. Minton-don't you know her-how stupid you are-there, can you tell me who this is this gentleman in the olive coat-stands close at your back.' Would you have us turn round and ask him?' Good gracious, no; who's that with. the curious head-dress,. about the middle of the room-do look what a fright Miss Mainon is-did you ever see any thing so vile as Mrs. Renyon's feathers?' These observations and enquiries were uttered in such rapid succession, that, had we been in the humour to indulge Miss Gossamer's curiosity, we should have been bewildered in following the direction of her eye, as frequently and quickly as it was changed. 'Good night,' said we, Mr. Allknown is coming to you, a much better assistance than we are; together you will find out every body in the room, good night?'

[ocr errors]

What has Miss Gossamer been saying?' asked Mrs. Twanam as we addressed her. 'She seemed to be speaking about us, her eye glanced constantly this way.' She was coveting Miss Twanam's flowers we believe.' Well she might,' said Miss T.' for her own are dropping to pieces, I've seen them in this room a hundred times.'Mamma, look at Maria Hinchman's body- the same-the very same; dont you remember I said last night she'd have it on, I knew as well as possible, the old quilled tucker and every thing. I wonder Sarah Jenner will wear that odious gauze twisted in her hair, it is so very shabby, I'm quite surprized at her.' Do see,' said she, elevating her glass in order to display her own costly appendage, is not that the old family chain which Miss Garron is wearing on her neck, I think it looks better than usual, it must have been new gilt—or lackered. perhaps, that's cheaper.' At these, and fifty other similar, remarks, we knew our cue was to laugh, and when we had endured, what we thought, a sufficient penance of this kind, we left the young lady and her mamma to go through the same routine of observation. with the next person that might accost them.

[ocr errors]
[ocr errors]

Miss Ryddons were looking about quite disconsolately. We had compassion on their forlornness. How pale, how woe begone,' said we, approaching them. Good heavens! pale!' cried they, turning towards each other with faces of fearful anxiety. You're not pale, Bessy; am I?' said the elder. Not at all,' replied the other. Heavens! how you frightened us,' said Miss Ryddon. Miss Wingrove's pale if you please, do look at her.' O, call her fair,' not pale.' Why could you not pay us that compliment. We once did tell you that you were passing fair, can we say more?' Yes,' that now they're past!' whispered Miss Jornan, who it seems had been. listening to the conversation. Our attention was now divided between these waning damsels, and for some minutes we were placed in the awkward situation of being obliged to listen to their remarks on each other, without being able to repeat a syllable that was said by either Miss Jornan occupied the right ear, and Miss Ryddons the left, and their acrimonious jealousies often met midway in our head, where they effervesced and were neutralized like the union of an alkali and an acid.

When we left these contentious spirits, we made our obeisance to Mrs. Surron. Here Mr. Volatile,' said the lady seeing we were about to pass by her. 'Here Mr. Volatile, don't shun me in that manner.' Who are those people you've been talking to.' Miss Ryddons and Miss Jornan.' 'Dear o' me, I did'nt know them,' turning round and jerking her head with the most intimate and delighted recognizance. I do so bate those women,' said she, almost I believe as ill as they dislike each other,' drawing back her head, apparently with the utmost reluctance, and then twisting her neck again and nodding as pleasantly as before. But they're a sort of persons it's as well to keep on terms with; pray how have you been pleased? This question recalled our thoughts to the other end of the room, and we hastened to station ourselves again with the happy party we had left.

WEEKLY DIARY.

MAY.

MAY is so called from Maia, the mother of Mercury, to whom sacrifices were offered by the Romans on the first of this month; or, according to some, from respect to the senators and nobles of Rome, who were named Majores, as the following month was termed Junius, in honour of the youth of Rome.

REMARKABLE DAYS.

WEDNESDAY, 1st.-May Day.

We have now reached that period of the year which was formerly dedicated to one of the most pleasing and splendid festal rites. The observance of May Day was a custom which, until the close of the reign of James the 1st, alike attracted the attention of the royal and the noble, as of the vulgar class. Henry the Eighth, Elizabeth, and James, patronized and partook of its ceremonies; and, during this extended era, there was scarcely a village in the kingdom but had a May-pole, with its appropriate games and dances.

Eight masqueraders in the most grotesque dresses, consisting of Robin Hood, Maid Marian, Friar Tuck, Little John, the Fool, Tom the Piper, the Hobby-Horse, and the Dragon, with from two to ten morris-dancers, or, in lieu of them, the same number of Robin Hood's men, in coats, hoods, and hose of green, with a painted pole in the centre, represented the most complete establishment of the May-game.

who personified Robin Hood; he was attired
in a bright grass-green tunic, fringed with
gold'; his hood and his hosen were parti-co-
foured, blue and white; he had a large gar-
land of rose-buds on his head, a bow bent in
his hand, a sheaf of arrows at his girdle, and
light blue tarantine, embroidered with silver;
a bugle-horn depending from a baldrick of
he had also a sword and a dagger, the hilts of
both being richly embossed with gold.
his right hand; and Cecil Cellarman the butler,
Fabian a page, as Little John, walked at
as Will Stukely, at his left. These, with ten
others of the jolly outlaw's attendants who
followed, were habited in green garments,
bearing their bows bent in their hands, and
their arrows in their girdles. Then came

[ocr errors]
[ocr errors]

Two maidens, in orange-coloured kirtles with white courtpies, strewing flowers; followed immediately by

The Maid Marian, elegantly habited in a watchet-coloured tunic reaching to the ground; over which she wore a white linen rochet with loose sleeves, fringed with silver, and very neatly plaited; her girdle was of silver baudekin, fastened with a double bow on the left side, her long flaxen hair was divided into many ringlets, and flowed upon her shoulders; the top part of her head was covered with a net work cawl of gold, upon which was placed a garland of silver, ornamented with blue violets. She was supported by

"Two bride-maidens, in sky-coloured rochets girt with crimson girdles, wearing garlands upon their heads of blue and white violets. After them, came

Four other females in green courtpies, and garlands of violets and cowslips. Then

[ocr errors]

All these characters may be traced, indeed, Sampson the smith, as Friar Tuck, carryso far back as the middle of the fifteenth cen- ing a huge quarter-staff on his shoulder; and tary; and, accordingly, Mr. Strutt, in his Morris the mole-taker, who represented Much, interesting romance, entitled Queen-hoo the miller's son, having a long pole with an Hall,' has introduced a very pleasing and ac-inflated bladder attached to one end: And curate description of the May-games and Mor-after them ris of Robin Hood, which, as written in a lively and dramatic style, and not in the least differing from what they continued to be in the youthful days of Shakespeare, and before they were broken in upon by the fanaticism of the puritans, we shall copy in this place for the entertainment of our readers.

In the front of the pavilion, a large square was staked out, and fenced with ropes, to prevent the crowd from pressing upon the performers, and interrupting the diversion; there were also two bars at the bottom of the inclosure, through which the actors might pass and repass, as occasion required.

Six young men first entered the square, clothed in jerkins of leather, with axes upon their shoulders like woodmen, and their heads bound with large garlands of ivy-leaves intertwined with sprigs of hawthorn. Then followed,

Six young maidens of the village, dressed in blue Kirtles, with garlands of primroses on their heads, leading a fine sleek cow decorated ribbons of various colours, interspersed A flowers; and the horns of the animal were tipped with gold. These were succeeded by

Six foresters, equipped in green tunics, with hoods and hosen of the same colour; each of them carried a bugle-horn attached to a baldrick of, which he sounded as he passed the Larier. After them came

Peter Let the baron's chief falconer,

The May-pole, drawn by eight fine oxen, decorated with scarfs, ribbons, and flowers of divers colours; and the tips of their horns were embellished with gold. The rear was closed by The Hobby-horse and the Dragon.

[ocr errors]

When the May-pole was drawn into the square, the foresters sounded their horns, and the populace expressed their pleasure by shouting incessantly until it reached the place as signed for its elevation :--and during the time the ground was preparing for its reception, the barriers of the bottom of the inclosure were opened for the villagers to approach, and adorn it with ribbons, garlands, and flowers, as their inclination prompted them.

spectators. He was followed by Peter Parker, the baron's ranger, who personated a dragon, hissing, yelling, and shaking his wings with wonderful ingenuity; and to complete the mirth, Morris, in the character of Much, having small bells attached to his knees and elmonsters in the form of a dance; and as often bows, capered here and there between the two as he came near to the sides of the inclosure, he cast slily a handful of meal into the faces their heads with the bladder tied at the end of of the gaping rustics, or rapped them about his pole. In the mean time, Sampson, representing Friar Tuck, walked with much gravity around the square, and occasionally let fall his heavy staff upon the toes of such of the crowd as he thought were approaching more forward than they ought to do; and if the sufferers cried out from the sense of pain, he addressed them in a solemn tone of voice, advising them to count their beads, say a paternoster or two, and to beware of purgatory. These vagaries were highly palatable to the populace, who announced their delight by repeated plaudits and loud bursts of laughter; for this reason they were continued for a considerable length of time: but Gregory, be ginning at last to faulter in his paces, ordered the dragon to fall back: the well-nurtured beast, being out of breath, readily obeyed, and their two companions followed their example; which concluded this part of the pastime.

Then the archers set up a target at the lower part of the green, and made trial of their skill in a regular succession. Robin Hood and Will Stukely excelled their com rades and both of them lodged an arrow in the centre circle of gold, so near to each other that the difference could not readily be decided, which occasioned them to shoot again; when Robin struck the gold a second time, and Stukely's arrow was affixed upon the edge of it. Robin was therefore adjudged the conqueror; and the prize of honour, a garland of laurel embellished with variegated ribbons, was put upon his head; and to Stukely was given a garland of ivy, because he was the second best performer in that contest.

The pageant was finished with the archery; and the procession began to move away, to make room for the villagers, who afterwards assembled in the square, and amused themselves by dancing round the May-pole in promiscuous companies, according to the antient custom.'

There is a singular species of festivity at Padstow in Cornwall, on the 1st of May. This is called the Hobby-horse; from canvass The pole being sufficiently onerated with being extended with hoops, and painted to refinery, the square was cleared from such as semble a horse. Being carried through the had no part to perform in the pageant; and street, men, women, and children, flock round then it was elevated amidst the reiterated ac- it, when they proceed to a place called Traitorclamations of the spectators. The woodmen pool, about a quarter of a mile distant, in and the milk-maidens danced around it accord- which the hobby-horse is always supposed to ing to the rustic fashion; the measure was drink; when the head being dipped into the played by Perettó Cheveritte, the baron's water, is instantly taken up, and the mud and chief minstrel, on the bagpipes, accompanied water are sprinkled on the spectators, to the with the pipe and tabour, performed by one no small diversion of all. On returning home, of his associates. When the dance was a particular song is sung, that is supposed to finished, Gregory the jester, who undertook commemorate the event that gave the hobbyto play the hobby-horse, came forward with horse birth. According to tradition, the French his appropriate equipment, and, frisking up on a former occasion effected a landing at a and down the square without restriction, imi- small cove in the vicinity; but seeing at a tated the galloping, curvetting, ambling, trot-distance a number of women dressed in red ting, and other paces of a horse, to the infi- cloaks, which they mistook for soldiers, they nite satisfaction of the lower classes of the fled to their ships, and put to sea. The day

generally ends in riot and dissipation.-(Hit- | I can assure him to enter fully into the subject would
chins's History of Cornwall.)
require several whole numbers of the Iris.

the Less.

Jf so,

such generally received opinions, that they would not have been disputed.

He says, (page 72) I closed my eyes a second You ask how a cavity came to be formed in the inWEDNESDAY, 1-Saint Philip and Saint James time, and found the sun's image, which was before terior of the earth? yet, you must be aware, no posiof a brilliant red colour, now tinged with yellow: I tive answer can be given to your question, as Moses, repeated the experiment, and found the image to from whom we have all the information we are posPhilip was born at Bethsaida, near the sea of Tiberias, the city of Andrew and Peter. Of from red to a deep violet.I will be bold to say I assume successively the prismatic colours; passing sessed of on the subject, does not undertake to tell us how God created the earth hollow, i. e. what cause his parents and trade the Gospel takes no do not think the Phenomenon quite correctly stated, he employed to produce that effect, but satisfies himnotice; though he was, most probably, a fisher- for in no case have I seen the spectra appear in the self with saying it was "without form and void," man. James the Less, called also James the order of the colours, red, orange, yellow, &c. in which is commonly defined, empty, hollow; the idea Just, and, by the apostle Paul, James, the all instances the colour of a spectrum has been the of a subterranean cavity is, therefore, perfectly agreeLord's brother, was the son of Joseph, after-reverse of that which preceded it, unless mixed able to scripture, and Mr. Whiston in his theory, wards husband to the Virgin Mary, as is pro- with extraneous colour. What explanation does 'O' Keil in his remarks on the same, Penrose in his letbable by his first wife. The first of these wish for? Does he wish me to show him how the ters, and, I believe, most who have written on the martyrs was stoned to death, and the second, spasmodic motions were produced in the optic nerve? subject consider it in the same light. In proof, howhaving been thrown from a high place, was bis query, I conceive, will remain unanswered ever, of the existence of a central fire, (observe, I here killed by a fuller's staff. for ever. As well might he enquire how the liver mean a simple accumulation of caloric, not actual secretes bile? what is sensation? what is thought? combustion), some facts may be adduced of which I But if the merely wishes to know why the spectra shall mention one. It invariably happens, that on dewere produced, the following I offer as my opinion.scending deep into the earth, by a well, mine, or This property of the retina is a scheme of nature's otherwise, you feel the air sensibly heated, which heat to diminish the pain which attends a sudden change increases as you get further from the surface, till at from light to darkness, and to restore the nerve to last it becomes so oppressive as to hinder breathing, its pristine vigour sooner than it can be done by rest and the air is so rarefied that it will not support combustion; now, without the supposition of a central fire, bow is this fact to be accounted for? and respecting subterranean waters, without allowing their existence, I think, you cannot well account for the quick disappearing of that immense mass of fluid which caused the deluge, a column whose altitude was 15 cubits (22 feet) above the summit of the highest mountain in the world, could neither be supported in the air as clouds, nor be imbibed by the earth; therefore, some receptacle must be allowed, and what is more proper than a subterranean one?

FRIDAY, 3.—Invention of the Cross. The Romish church celebrates this day as a festival, to commemorate the invention or finding of a wooden cross, supposed to be the true one, by Helena, the mother of Constantine

the Great.

SATURDAY, 4.-Ascension Day. From the earliest times, this day was set apart to commemorate our Saviour's ascension into heaven; all processions on this, and the preceding rogation days, were abolished at the reformation. In London, on this day, the minister, accompanied by the churchwardens, and a number of boys, with wands, walk in procession, and beat the bounds of the parish. But this is not always practised, nor in every

year.

CORRESPONDENCE.

TO THE EDITOR.

SIR, I have, as long as I can recollect, been

much addicted to riddles, and fond of searching for meanings which have been ingeniously rendered mysterious. In these amusing researches much practice has rendered me usually successful; but there are cases, in which I purpose to request, at intervals, the assistance of your correspondents, which have hitherto baffled all my sagacity. In the number, is the Epitaph inscribed upon the tomb of the late Mr. Coward; for a rational explanation of which, I should be obliged to any of your readers.

A MANCUNIAN.

April, 22nd, 1822. *The Epitaph to which our correspondent alludes, is inscribed on the tomb, erected in the grave-yard of the Chapel, in King-street, Salford, and is as follows: All feared-none loved-and few understood.'-ED.

TO THE EDITOR.

alone.

1st, If we gaze steadily on the setting sun, which
is yellow or red, for a certain time, and then close
the eyes, a direct or yellow spectrum of the sun will
be seen. 2ndly, If we fix our eyes a still longer
period on the luminary, the spectrum will be inverse,
viz. blue. These phenomena may be illustrated by
innumerable analogies. During that state of the body
called sleep, in which volition is suspended, when one
set of muscles are fatigued, the antagonist muscles
exert themselves, and change the position of the
in their sleep, and when tired of that posture to
body. Some persons are known to raise their knees
suddenly extend their legs again, so as to throw off
the bed-cloaths.-Uncomfortable bedfellows! Also
slight grief is mostly expressed by sighs and tears,
but great grief frequently by violent fits of laughter.

If 'O' wishes to be told why the spectrum assumed
all the prismatic colours, I thus explain it. Having
looked a considerable time on the sun, that power by
which the retina distinguishes yellow light was almost
suspended. The nerve having suffered so severely,
action, and produced a blue spectrum. This spectrum
spontaneously fell into a spasm, or opposite sort of
having ceased, the retina being considerably relieved,
would be green; and so of the rest.
the next spasmodic action would not be so opposite, it
continuing to recur till it had worn away the painful
The spectrum
impression of the sun.

Before concluding, I must just observe that these
delicate experiments ought to be made with every
precaution, if we wish to obtain an uniform result.*
If O' will take the trouble to make another trial, and
vary the light admitted to the eyes, after gazing on
the sun, he will find the result to be different. He
will be amply repaid for his trouble in courting a
closer acquaintance with these delicate and beautiful
phenomena.

Pendleton, April 23rd, 1822. A FRIEND.
* Had another Querist (O. R. page 96) made one
experiment with sufficient attention, he would not
have been puzzled with the thing. I had never heard
of it before, therefore thought it worth a trial, in
making which, its fallacy was instantly apparent. I
found it would also tell the number of fingers on one
hand, the days in a week, months in a year, &c. It
may however serve to show the power of the human
mind in colouring objects. Well may rival beauties
think each other so ugly and unamiable.

SIR,-I was rather surprised at the reply of your correspondent,,' and thought of passing it over unnoticed, but have since determined to address you once more, on this interesting subject. If is as ignorant in these matters as he pretends to appear, my note might have been sufficient, at least, it ought to have suggested to him the propriety of making himself acquainted with analogous phenomena, before demanding the explanation of, what he calls, an 'inexplicable phenomenon.' But if, as I suspect, he is deeply versed in these things, his query is captious, and unworthy of its author. However, as I may mistake my man, I humbly ask his pardon, and in SIR,-I was surprized on perusing the first part of perfect good humour, will now say a few words more your communication, to see that you treated the idea in illustration, though I do not possess so extensive of subterranean fire and waters, as irrational, and uninformation on the subject as he jeeringly pretends.supported by fact; for I always thought they had been

TO "P,"

VOLCANOES.

composition of water, becomes rapidly oxydized, and, You say, it is a notorious fact, that iron, in the detherefore, incapable of further decompositions; but you should consider, it is a fact, equally as notorious, that, after a certain degree of temperature, the oxygen contained in any metallic oxyde, has a stronger affinity for caloric than for the metal, and escapes in the form of gas, and though chymists have not yet been able, by the heat of their furnaces, to reduce oxyde of iron without any mixture, from its strong affinity to oxygen, yet we may reason from analogy; and as

mercury, manganese, &c. part with their oxygen, by a simple increase of temperature, we may conclude, that iron, in the intense heat of the subterranean regions, would do the same, and become again able to decompose water,

I cannot see how the non-occurrence of simultaneous eruptions proves, that volcanoes have no connexion, or, that the length of time, which elapses between each eruption, proves the volcanic agent is not always active; if a central fire be allowed, one part of such an immense globe of caloric might be hotter and more expanded than another, and that heat, or expansion, might feed a volcano, or cause an earthquake at Naples, without extending itself to its antipodes; and I think, the non-continuance of volcanic fires, merely proves the agent is not always in a state of activity, intense enough to manifest itself in such a violent

manner.

You say, earthquakes cannot be occasioned by a central fire, because they are so limitted in their extent; now, it appears to me, that if the accumulation of heat were greater under England than elsewhere, such is the natural repulsion of caloric, that, instead of becoming gradually of an uniform temperature, it would produce a violent expansion or earthquake, which would affect England principally, and might be felt on the shores of the neighbouring countries; but, I think, if you will consult the account of any earthquakes, you will find they have not been so confined in their operations as you seem to suppose. In your next paragraph, you allow that earthquakes have been sometimes" comparatively extensive," but then you say, had they been produced by a central fire, the structure of the earth should have been more disturbed than it was; but if you will give the subject a little consideration, I think you will find, that, instead of several violent dislocations, that part of the earth

[ocr errors]

a

[blocks in formation]

SIR,-The drama is generally acknowledged to be the most rational and delightful amusement; the most conducive to the practice of virtue, by the lessons it inculcates, of any that has yet been invented for public entertainment; it is, therefore, always considered a subject of sufficient importance, to occupy a conspicuous place in a publication like the present. Theatrical Criticism, (especially if it be local) is read with some interest by those who do not frequent the theatre, while to the play-goer it is ever the most attractive article. It is to be regretted, that such critiques are too frequently dictated by prejudice, or undiscriminating partiality— that censure often proceeds from personal enmity, and praise sometimes emanates from the individual object of it, and (not seldom) from managerial policy.

The ill-success of the drama, of late years, in this large, populous, and wealthy town, has occasioned much surprise to persons who, through ignorance or inattention to the subject, have not attributed it to its right cause. To all who can form a right estimate of theatrical requisites, the cause must be sufficiently obvious, namely, an annual falling-off of talent, each year producing a worse company than the preceding. Surely the managers will, at length, open their eyes to their interest, and, not only effect an alteration in the company, (which it is understood they are about to do) but will be careful to provide better performers.

[ocr errors]

a night-mare. The ghost too! who ever associated
the idea of corpulence, with the spirit of Evelina?'
yet Mrs. Morton was the spectre!

Of the comparative merits of Mr. Salter and
Mr. Vandenhoff, his expected successor, it is not to
my present purpose to speak.

I have no doubt, that by a judicious alteration in the company, and by better attention to the scenic department, the managers would promote their real interest, and seldom have to complain of an empty house. I would suggest too, the propriety of their taking halfprice at the end of the third act, in conformity with the general custom throughout the kingdom, and in the metropolitan theatres. The reasons in support of such an arrangement are too obvious to need explaining; the arguments which may be used against it, are too light to counterbalance those which may justly be urged in its favor. I have no hesitation in-giving it as my opinion, (and it is the opinion also of most with whom I have conversed on the subject), that the managers would find their treasury benefitted by it. MERCUTIO.

Manchester, April 24th, 1822.

THE DRAMA.

MANCHESTER DRAMATIC REGISTER.

Monday, April 22nd.-For the Benefit of Mrs.
M'Gibbon Adelgitha; The Bath Road; and The
Warlock of the Glen.

Wednesday, 24th.- Adrian and Orilla; with X. Y. Z.
Friday, 26th.-For the Benefit of Mr. Andrews:
Ivanhoe; The Promissory Note; and A Roland
for an Oliver.

TO CORRESPONDENTS. Dramaticus is informed, that if he will considerably curtail his remarks they shall be inserted: they would at least occupy one page of our work, which is more space than we like to devote, at one time, to the subject.

[ocr errors]

The Essay, by Vindex, has been received; but it is,
we think, unfit for publication in its present state.
We have received, from A Constant Reader," a
letter respecting a nefarious action. We should be
glad to have an interview with the writer before the
letter is inserted. The case is deserving of ex-
posure.

knowledge, in our last, the receipt of his first letter.
It was mislaid at the time of writing our notices.
He will, it is hoped, excuse the alterations we have
made.

Mercutio will perceive that we have taken a little
liberty with his letter, which, in its original state,
was much too long for our publication.

From the change which, according to report, they have already resolved upon, I anticipate no very considerable acquisition of strength, at least, the small quantity of genuine ore which the company at present possesses, will be expelled, to make room for that which (whatever its value) has been else. where rejected, while much of the present dross will be suffered to remain. It was my misfortune, the other evening, to witness the play of the Castle Spectre. In most of the characters scarce a line of the author could be traced. I had not seen the play for upwards of fifteen years. On its first introduction, I repeatedly witnessed its representation in a small provincial theatre, and always with pleasure. We apologize to S-, for having omitted to acIt was gotten up with greater scenic effect, and far more talent, than its late performance here displayed. There, for instance, the armory scene was what the author designed it to be. Agreeably to the stagedirection, there were several suits of armour arranged on both sides upon pedestals, with the names of the possessors written under each,' the whole producing a grand and pleasing effect. Here, there was a single pedestal, and upon that pedestal Mr. Bass stood, after Mr. Rees had equipped him in something which served as an apology for armour-but why he was so equipped, and for what purpose he stood upon the pedestal, those who had not read or seen the play before, had no opportunity of conjecturing from the intolerable mutilation of the dialogue. The oratory scene, too, was a splendid one in the little theatre I have alluded to. An elegant female figure, with white and flowing robes, was discovered standing at an altar, on which was a crucifix and an open book. On her retiring, after performing the necessary action in front, the oratory became suddenly illuminated, and a loud swell of an organ was heard. Here there was no crucifix-no book-no illumination! There was an organ-swell indeed, and a fine swell it was! owing, I suppose, to the laziness or inability of the bellows-blower, it grated on the car like the choked vociferation of a man struggling with

We approve of Julia's choice, but we do not admire
her poetry.

Ybznk is informed, that the lines to which he alludes,
were not handed to us as original; we misunder-
stood the author.

A

Correspondent wishes to be informed," From
where is procured the immense supply of White
Sand used for household purposes in Manchester
and neighbourhood-the method of procuring it,
and the supposed quantity ?"
Communications have also been received from No
Gull,' of Stockport.-A Well-wisher.-Ophelia.—
Juvenis. Grotius.-J. B. jun.--Syphax.-Cen-
sor.-L. N.-A. F. X.-J. W. B. and A.

ERRATA. Our readers are requested to correct an error in
the second line of the verses on seeing Mr. Minasi's exhi-
bition of paintings. 46
Single eye," ought to be "tender

eye."

THEATRE-ROYAL, MANCHESTER.

MR. SALTER, impressed with feelings of the

greatest respect and gratitude to his Patrons, the Inhabitants of Manchester and Vicinity, for their continued kindness and support, begs leave to announce that his BENEFIT is appointed for Monday, April 29th, when will Virginius, by MR. SALIER, his first appearance in that be acted (first time this season) the Tragedy of VIRGINIUS. character. The Gentlemen composing the Manchester Military Band, have kindly offered their services on this occasion, and will perform several admired Pieces of Music, in the course of the evening. After the Tragedy will be performed an interlude called the RENDEZVOUS. Mr. SALTER will then have the honor to deliver his FAREWELL ADDRESS.

The evening's entertainments will conclude with the Melo-
Drama of ELLA ROSENBERG.-Tickets may be had of
Mr. SALTER, at Mrs. Edge's Library, King-street; and
Tickets and Places may be taken of Mr. ELAND, at the Box-
office of the Theatre.

BOOKS PUBLISHED THIS DAY.

THE WORKS OF PROFESSOR PLAYFAIR.
In four volumes octavo, price £2 12s. 6d. in boards.
THE WORKS of JOHN PLAYFAIR, Esq. late
Professor of Natural Philosophy in the University of
Edinburgh, &c. &c. With a Memoir of the Author.

Printed for ARCHIBALD CONSTABLE and Co. Edinburgh;
HURST, ROBINSON, and Co. London; and Sold by
Sowler; Bancks and Co.; and Robinson and Ellis, Man-
chester.

There is no composition on the history of the physical and exact sciences, in our lauguage, which can be compared to that of Mr. Playfair in Philosophical eloquence.-Edinburgh Review, No. 71.

CURRAN'S LIFE.

In 2 vols. post 8vo. handsomely printed, with a Portrait,
price £1 Is. boards, the Second Edition of
THE LIFE of the RIGHT HON. JOHN PHIL-

POT CURRAN, late Master of the Rolls in Ireland.
By his Son WILLIAM HENRY CURRAN,
Barrister-at-Law.

Printed for ARCHIBALD CONSTABLE and Co. Edinburgh;
HURST, ROBINSON, and Co. London; and Sold by
Robinson and Ellis; T. Sowler; and Bancks and Co.
Manchester.

In 8vo. with a Portrait, price 78. boards,

AN ACCOUNT of the LIFE and WRITINGS
of JOHN HOME, Esq. Author of "DOUGLAS," a
Tragedy.

By HENRY MACKENZIE, Esq. F.R.S.E.
In the Appendix will be found Letters from the Earl of
Bute, David Hume, James M Pherson, Dr. Adam Ferguson,
Dr. Carlyle, and other eminent literati of the last age.

HURST, ROBINSON, and Co. Cheapside, London; and
Printed for ARCHIBALD CONSTABLE and Co. Edinburgh;
Sold by T. Sowler; Robinson and Ellis; and Bancks
and Co., Manchester.

Of whom may be had, just published,
THE WORKS of JOHN HOME, Esq. Author of
"DOUGLAS," a Tragedy, now first collected, with an Ac-
count of his Life and Writings,

By HENRY MACKENZIE, Esa. F.R.S.E. 3 vols. 8vo. with Plates, price £1 1s. 6d. boards. These volumes contain Douglas, a Tragedy, and the other dramatic pieces of the Autbor; the History of the Rebellion in Scotland, in the year 1745, (in opposing which, Mr. Home served as a volunteer,) an authentic and interesting work.

Manchester: Printed, Published, and Sold, by the, Proprietors, HENRY SMITH AND BROTHERS, St. Ann's Square, to whom all Communications (post paid) must be addressed. Sold also by all the Booksellers in Manchester and the neighbouring towns.

[graphic][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small]

"THE CLUB."

No. VII.-FRIDAY, APRIL 26, 1822.
When life looks lone and dreary,
What light can dispel the gloom?
When time's swift wing grows weary,
What charm can refresh his plume?
'Tis Woman, whose sweetness beameth
O'er all that we feel or see;
And if man of heaven e'er dreameth,
'Tis when he thinks purely of thee,
Oh, Woman!

MOORE.

SATURDAY, MAY 4, 1822.

erratic African, burning at the equator, and the fir-clad Esquimeaux, freezing at the pole, are not less sensible of the power of female charms, than is the civilized European.

The heart, like a tendril accustomed to cling,

Let it go where it will, cannot flourish alone;
But will lean to the nearest, and loveliest thing

It can twine with itself, and make closely its own.

Most great writers seem to have estimated highly the applause of the ladies. The saturnine Johnson, who surely received praise enough to satisfy an ordinary man, and who was by no means averse to well-timed flattery, confessed THE case of an anonymous writer is rather that no compliments that had ever been paid to hard, as respects the topics upon which he him, (and he had been complimented by Mawrites; since he is often criticised and com-jesty itself), gave him so much pleasure as to plained of rather on subjects to which he does not advert, than on those which compose his speculations.

hear his wife say, after having read one of his essays, that "she did not think he could have done so well."

It has, for example, been imagined, from The only person at the Club who ever our silence on the subject, that we are in- speaks lightly of females is the widower. He different about the fair sex ; but this notion ridicules the folly of love; he wonders that has been very erroneously formed, since we men have so much weakness as to become the can assure our readers, that the ladies are not dupes of such frail creatures as women; and spoken of with greater respect any where, he declares he is sure that it would be quite than at the Green Dragon. No persons can impossible for him ever to think of committing entertain a higher regard for the best parts of matrimony again! All this declamation passed the female character than we; and we per-off very well for a time, and was taken as the fectly concur with a celebrated Metropolitan expression of his real sentiments. But we Lecturer in thinking that, in all cases where have lately found that this tone has only been females can, with propriety, be introduced, assumed to keep up a variety of opinion at their presence serves as a powerful stimulus to our meetings; for one of the younger memexertion, and their applause is, by no means, bers assured us a short time ago, that he had a trifling reward. We have, indeed, often la- seen the widower go six times to church, and mented the existence of the circumstances, four times to the theatre, with the same young which exclude them from the Club. A sensible lady during the last winter! He was also man can find, on this side of the grave, few caught by another member in the summer, purer and more refined pleasures than the assisting a lady to carry her ridicule as she company of an elegant and accomplished fe- was taking an evening walk, in the country. male; and the Turks are said to have carried These, and other instances of his gallantry, their admiration of the fair sex so far, as to prove to us that though our friend may, like imagine that the society of beautiful females most other professed women-haters, deny the constitutes the highest reward in a future influence of the fair sex with his tongue, he state, for meritorious actions in the present. cannot help confessing it by his actions.

[blocks in formation]

WEEKLY.

PRICE 3ld.

than the Circassian lady whom he saw when he was abroad a few years back. "A Circassian lady!" exclaimed the widower, laughing, "she was only a woman, and all women are alike. You remind me," he added, "of an anecdote mentioned by Ker Porter. 'When a traveller among the Circassians arrives at one of their abodes, his host orders one of his

daughters to do the honours of his reception, to prepare his meals, and when night comes on, to share his bed. The refusal of the

latter part of the entertainment would be considered as a great affront to the young lady, as well as to her father."" "Humph!" said the chairman, stroking his chin to hide the truant smile which played upon his lips, and disturbed the habitual gravity of his countenance, "I suppose the young lady and her father, then, are seldom affronted in this parthe anecdote was entirely in favour of his ticular." Our travelled member urged that

opinion; the Circassians are an hospitable and generous race, and the host, conscious of the power of female beauty, bestows upon his favour he can confer. guest, in the way alluded to, the greatest

One of the bachelors, who has always had a great aversion to cards, has, for some time, been occasionally away from the Club without assigning any very intelligible reason for his absence. We have, however, lately discovered, to the no small confusion of our friend, that he goes frequently to visit a young lady, and that, at these times, he has been guilty of playing at the above game with the lady for his partner. We have been assured, by persons who have often been present at these interviews, that at the game of Pope, our friend and his partner have very often the luck to carry off matrimony! We often joke at the Club about this gentleman's amours, and we have amused ourselves the more frequently at his expence, since he accidentally dropped at the Club a copy of verses, which, with a pair of French gloves, he sent to the young lady on the 14th of February. We have sometimes alarmed him a little by threatening to publish the lines.

« PreviousContinue »