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4 The monopoly of Bokhara caravan passing through Kurakh,

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5 The head of the grape-sellers pays annually...

250

6 Money collected by stamping skins and caps,..

600

7 Money collected by the above means on new cloth,....

800

8 Money collected by stamping woollen things,...

100

9 Mir Shahi, or money collected by the inhabitants for the purpose of watching at night against thieves,....

200

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12 Money collected from the people for catching thieves, doozd bagíri,.. 13 Cash collected from the districts or Belúhats,..

200

2000

14 Custom-house officer of Sabzwár pays.

300

15 Do. of Ghuryan pays....

1500

........ ........

16 Money collected from the black tents of Emak or Elat annually, 17 Monopolizer of wood for burning and all other uses pays,.

2000

300

18 The head of the horse-sellers pays.

....

19 Money collected from Zeh tabi, or skin ropes, exported to India,.
20 The inhabitants of Caravan-serais pay..
21 Money collected from the Kandahar gate,..
22 Do. collected from the Khushk gate,..

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27 Money collected from stamping the kafsh or a kind of shoe,.. 28 Monopolizer of assafœtida pays..

300

600

29 Money collected from each Toman's king, called the Toman Shahi, 30 Manufacturer of the rice or Shali pays annually,....

200

600

31 Monopolizer of the mint (in Haji Firoze's reign, 50 tomans every day,) now pays yearly,...

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20 Rupees make a Toman of Herat, which is equal to 6 Rs. and 12 As. of India. Karvan is a measure of 100 maunds of Tabriz, which is equal to six maunds and 10 seers of India.

On the 4th of July, 1833, before the sun rose, we set out to the east of the city, to examine the place called Gázur Gáh, where the body of ABU ISMAEL, Or KHAJEH ABDUL ANSAR, the son of ABU MANSAUR, the son of ABU AYOUB, the son of Mat Ansar, or the bearer of MUHAMMED'S Koran, reposes.

ABU ANSAR was struck with stones by the boys, when he was doing penance, of which he expired in 1065, A. D., or in 481, Hejri*. He had learned about 12,00,000 poems by heart, and was the author of 1,00,000 couplets.

When we reached the pleasant Gázur Gáh, we entered the Chársu or square of HASAN KHAN SHAMLU, who has also built a few shops and a fine cistern on account of the periodical fair in spring. Having passed through the sahan, we came to the door which led us to the grave of ABU ANSÁR. The door is made of copper, and on each side are fine and clear mosques, where we saw a few Korâns laying on the shelves or ráhals. The Musnavi, or the book of Maulanai Rúm, is recited every morning, and the people faint during the invocation.

On our right hand were the tombs of MANSUR SULTAN, the father of SHAH RUKH MIRZA, and of the descendants of AMIR TIMUR. On our left were buried the successors of CHENGIZ KHAN. The body of MANSUR was lodged on a large platform, bordered with marble, and towards the head of the tomb we saw the following inscription:

بديع البنيان منیع الارکان که از کمال صفوت و صفا وغايت این صفحه بهجت و بها حاکی نزهت ریاض رضوان راوی زینت مناظر جنان است و انوار رحمت الهي واثار فيض فضل نامتناهی از ساحت لایح و تابان برای سلطان سعید مغفور غياث السطلنت والدین منصور و اولاد مبرورش عمارت یافت بتاريخ سال هشت صد و هشتاد در که فضل بی پایان بیان مینماید و نسایم خلد برین از شمایم تربت عنبرینش منتسم می آید چون بهشت از مرقد منصور سلطان رخ نمود

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The substance of the inscription may be thus rendered:

"This excellent construction and meritorious work which resembles Paradise, resplendent with the lights of divine favour and the blessings of the merciful God, has been built with great art and beauty as the monument of the famous Sultan GHIUSUDDIN MANSUR and his pious descendants, in the year of H. 772. Written by SULTAN MUSHHADI."

*The year 481 Hejiri began on the 27th March, 1088, not 1065 as above stated.

-ED.

Among the graves of CHANGIZ KHAN's family was a body covered with black marble, on which we beheld the surprising sculptures of the ancient unknown hewer. The works are incomparable at the present day. The stone was carved in seven figures, called "haft kalm,” or seven pens. I copied the following inscription from the above tomb :

طيبه الله و تعالى مشواه بہو تاریخ شه عالیقدر کرد تحریر فقط طاب ثراه بر سر تربت او كلك قضا

[On the day of the great king's death, the Lord sent him repose, and the pen of fate inscribed his simple epitaph "rest in peace." [A. H. 718.]

The tomb of ABU ANSAR was very large, bordered with marble, and covered with stones: on the head of the grave stands a marble lóh which resembles a mínár: it is beautifully made of two pieces. The size of one piece is five feet high, and of the other is 10 feet. It is covered with Arabic letters, and has only one in the following Persian:

ان خواجه که درصورت و معنی شاه است و ز سر حقیقت دوکون آگاه است از روی حساب جمل اردانی فات تاریخ وفات خواجه عبدالله است

[The Khajeh, in look and verity a king, was equally versed in the affairs of both the worlds: would you know the date of his death, read it in the words' Khajeh Abdulla.' i. e. a. ¤. 737. The words give the same date.]

The tomb is commanded by a magnificent high arch, erected by SHAH RUKH MIRZA, 480 years ago. It is 70 feet high.

TIMUR SHAH resolved to gild the arch, but was diverted by some accidents. On the right hand of the tomb are many inscribed poems written by the celebrated author named JAMI, but the following verse made by HASUN KHAN SHAMLU informs us the day of ABDUL ANSAR'S death:

دهد تا ساقی عرفان دلت را جام هوشیاری در آدر بزمگاهی خواجه عبد الله انصاری بود لوح مزارش نازنین سروی که از شوخی ملایک را چو قمری کرد گرم ناله و زاری

[If you are desirous that the cupbearer of wisdom should give you a cup full of understanding, come into the banqueting house of Khajah Abdullah Ansari. His monument is like the graceful cypress which enchants the angels to hover over it, crying and lamenting like doves.]

When we came out of the door, we went to the cistern, which contains a very delicious, sweet-flavoured water, called Ab Zem-zem; it is cold in summer, and hot in winter, which I believe is owing to a deception in the temperature of the atmosphere. There were written plenty of verses in the arch, which I wished to copy.

بهر تعظیم مزار خواجه انصار کرد خان عادل شاهرخ چون وضع بنیاد حمل صحن كا زرگاه را رشك يفع الجنه ديد از قبوض روح اهل الله چون قدس خلیل بقعها انشا نمود و تکیه ها ایجاد کرد بهر توحید ثناى مالك الملك جليل ساخت بهر تشنگان زایراین استان این مصفا بر که در راه رضای حق سبیل سالهازين خير جاري برد خلق الله فیض چون سحاب تشنه آب رحمت از دریای نیل چون که عمری همچو کشتی سیلی امواج خورد ساخت مستغرق تنشر ا عاقبت حمل ثقبل نیست در ترکیب اب و خاکچونرنگ ثبات باعث اوصاف اور اشدکهن سالی دلیل کرد تعمیرش ز احفاد قان مرحومه بهر تحصیل ثواب وافي وخير جميل مهد علیا عصمت الدنیا و در درج حیا آنکه نبود در حریم عفتش شبه وعديل تا خورد زیر برکه یکدم اب هر لب تشنه جرعه او سازد از کوثر خداوند جلیل سال تعمیرش خضر جستم ز پیر عقل گفت

ریخت از بهر کرم در حوض زمزم سلسبيل

[The purport of this long inscription is, that ADIL SHAH RUKH erected a well and terraces, &c. for the use of pilgrims to the tomb of KHAJEH ASSAR, 2 which having fallen into disrepair were reconstructed at the expense of a female descendant of Ca'n one of the sons of CHENGEZ KHAN in the year (houz-zemzem-silsabil) 1090.]

The original name of Gázur Gáh is Kazar Gáh. Karzar mean in Persian battle, and Gah, place, (the place of battle;) in short, it is the seat of happiness and pleasure, and the people always go and pass their time in drinking and singing, which seems very inconsistent with the solemnity of the dead.

The water of the neighbouring covered fountain runs beautifully through the canal which ornaments Gázur Gáh and makes it a lovely spot in Herat.

Towards the north of the city, under the base of the hills, flourishes a pleasant edifice, called Takht Safar constructed by SULTAN HOSAIN MIRZA, the fourth descendant of AMIR TIMUR. In spring the neighbouring fields and mountains are covered with a bed of yellow and red flowers, called Ur Ghavan. The place is now going to decay, but seems to have been once a paradise. A tank of water possesses a magnificent fountain, which with its watery arrows fights with the top of the building. The - height of the edifice is measured 100 feet.

In the reign of SULTAN HOSAIN MIRZA the punishment for the people of bad demeanor was to reduce them to the office of masons, who were

ordered to assist in the building of Takht Safar. He also published a poem aud applied it on every gate, that the passengers should read it.

هر که با لاله رخان باده گلرنگ کشد

حکم مرز است که بر تخت سفر سنك كشد

[All who have been trespassing in the pleasures of wine and beauty, by Mirza's command must add a stone to the takht-safar.]

To the N. E. of the city stand the two very grand ruins separated by the stream Anjir.

SULTAN HOSAIN MIRZA leaves his name by building a stately college, which is all levelled to the ground. Two arches and four minars have still a grand appearance, and are separated into two equal parts by the above stream. The arch and the two minars which are situate on the right bank of the water are in the vicinity of the grave of SULTAN HOSAIN, who is remembered with great respect and honor. He reigned in 1500, A. D. The head master of the college was the famous poet named JAMI, whose works are very interesting indeed.

On the left bank of the stream rests the body of GOHER SHAD, the daughter of AMÍR TIMUR, and the sister of SHAH RUKH. The grave is shaded by a very high gilt dome. There were formerly nine tombs, all made of black marble, ornamented by inscriptions in the Arabic character. The letters are all rubbed out and not legible.

She built a fine edifice called MUSALLAH, and is said to have been the most incomparable lady in the world. She never married, but devoted herself to the perusal of the Korân; she was anxious to encourage the people to learn. The place is decorated by four high minars and two lofty arches, which make a beautiful square of 75 paces. On the top of the arch were a few defaced Arabic inscriptions, which I could not read. The minars seem half finished, and bent towards Meshid, to salute EMAM REZA. I ascended a minar of two stories high by difficult paces, and had a very striking view of the city. Every story contains 20 steps.

Having passed the square, we entered a lofty dome, which encouraged us to climb five stairs, and to come into the gilt and painted room where GOHER SHAD prayed.

All these ruins are decorated with azure and gold colour: (the blue colour is made of lapis-lazuli, which is found in considerable quantities in the mines of Badakhshan.)

It is alleged, one day GOHER SHAD, accompanied by 200 beautiful ladies, came into the college, and ordered all the students to go out; she passed all day in the place, and had the pleasure of seeing every

' room.

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