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but when the samples of honey mentioned in the table below were boiled with sulphuric acid for a sufficient time to invert cane-sugar, the additional reduction of cupric tartrate corresponded to only 2.10 per cent. of cane-sugar in the honey from comb, and to less than 1 per cent. in the other four samples. It is therefore evident that but a small part of it, if any, is canesugar, and we have therefore placed it in the table as sugar not identified." As honey is acid, and undergoes a slight fermentation, cane-sugar, even if originally present, would gradually be transformed into invert-sugar, and thus escape detection.

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The following results have been obtained from an examination of five samples of commercial honey:

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The adulterants said to have been found in honey are gypsum, chalk, pipeclay, starch, glucose, and cane-sugar, but at the present day the three former are not likely to be used. Starch may be readily found by the microscope and solutions of iodine. Glucose cannot be detected by chemical means, and only by the polariscope when in sufficient quantity to change the angle of rotation beyond the limits found in genuine honey. Cane-sugar may be found by the copper test, and also by the polariscope; and in this case the readings are taken both before and after inversion, the difference in the readings being proportionate to the amount of cane-sugar present.

APPENDIX.

TABLE I.

FOR CONVErting DegreES OF THE CENTIGRADE THERMOMETER INTO Degrees of Fahrenheit's SCALE.

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