συμβᾶσαν τῷ Καλλικλεί βλάβην ὡς μικρὰν καὶ 15 οὐκ ἀξίαν τηλικαύτης δίκης, καὶ τὸ ὅλον ἠδικῆσθαι μὲν οὐδέν φησι τὸν Καλλικλέα, ἐπιθυμεῖν δὲ τῶν χωρίων τῶν ἑαυτοῦ καὶ διὰ τοῦτο συκοφαντίας μηχανᾶσθαι πάσας. I Οὐκ ἦν ἄρ ̓, ὦ ἄνδρες Αθηναῖοι, χαλεπώτερον οὐ- 127 δὲν ἢ γείτονος πονηροῦ καὶ πλεονέκτου τυχεῖν, ὅπερ ἐμοὶ νυνὶ συμβέβηκεν. ἐπιθυμήσας γὰρ τῶν χωρίων μου Καλλικλῆς οὕτω διατέθεικε με συκοφαντών ὥστε πρῶτον μὲν τὸν ἀνεψιὸν τὸν ἑαυτοῦ κατεσκεύασεν 2 ἀμφισβητεῖν μοι τῶν χωρίων, ἐξελεγχθεὶς δὲ φανερῶς καὶ περιγενομένου μου τῆς τούτων σκευωρίας πάλιν δύο δίκας ἐρήμους μου κατεδιῃτήσατο, τὴν μὲν αὐτὸς 1 αὐτῷ Καλλικλῆς (male) Kerrich ms. of the damage done. See §§ 23 26. Dem. Or. 13 § 12 διέσυρε (depreciated”) τὰ παρόντα καὶ τοὺς προγόνους ἐπῄνεσε. §§ 1, 2. There is really no greater nuisance, gentlemen, than a greedy neighbour, as I have found to my cost in the case of the plaintiff Callicles. He has set his heart upon my property, and has therefore by every legal means, direct or indirect, made me the victim of a vexatious persecution. Though I am no speaker myself, yet, if the court will give me their attention, the facts themselves will prove the baselessness of the present action. 1. οὐκ ἦν ἄρ'—τυχεῖν.] For οὐκ ἦν ἄρα, “there is not really after all,' cf. Soph. O. C. 1697, πόθος καὶ κακῶν ἄρ ̓ ἦν τις, andfor this use of v, especially with apa, to express a fact which is and always has been the same, see the examples given in Liddell and Scott, s.v. εἰμί, F. For the general sense, cf. Hesiod's Works and Days 345, συκοφαντών.] ‘by his vexa- κατεσκεύασεν.] 'suborned his cousin to claim it from me.' The verb, here followed by the infinitive, most commonly takes an accusative, e. g. § 34 τὸν ἀνεψιὸν κατεσκεύασε, Or. 54 8 14. 2. σκευωρίας.] intrigue, jobbery. Or. 36 § 33 πλάσμα καὶ σκευώρημα. δίκας ἐρήμους-κατεδιῃτήσατο.] 'got two awards (in arbitration) decided against me by default (for non-appearance). Or. 21 (Meid.) §§ 84, 85, (Στράτων ὁ διαιτητής) ὡς οὔτ ̓ ἐγὼ συνεχώρουν οὔθ ̓ οὗτος (Meidias) ἀπήντα, τῆς δ' ὥρας ἐγίγνετο ὀψέ, κατε διῄτησεν. ἤδη δ ̓ ἑσπέρας οὔτ σης καὶ σκότους ἔρχεται Μειδίας 3 χιλίων δραχμῶν, τὴν δὲ τὸν ἀδελφὸν τουτονὶ πείσας Καλλικράτην. δέομαι δὴ πάντων ὑμῶν ἀκοῦσαί μου καὶ προσέχειν τὸν νοῦν, οὐχ ὡς αὐτὸς δυνησόμενος εἰπεῖν, ἀλλ ̓ ἵν ̓ ὑμεῖς ἐξ αὐτῶν τῶν πραγμάτων καταμάθητε ὅτι φανερῶς συκοφαντοῦμαι. Ἓν μὲν οὖν, ὦ ἄνδρες Αθηναῖοι, πρὸς ἅπαντας τοὺς τούτων λόγους παρέχομαι δίκαιον. τὸ γὰρ χωρίον τοῦτο περιῳκοδόμησεν ὁ πατὴρ μικροῦ δεῖν πρὶν ἐμὲ γενέσθαι, ζῶντος μὲν ἔτι Καλλιππίδου τοῦ τούτων Καλλικρατίδην Ζ et Bekker (st. a Bekker (Berlin ed.). Leipsig ed.). καλλικρατίτην ΣΒ et γρ.ΕΦ. τούτου Z cum Σ. b Bekk. ...καὶ καταλαμβάνει τὸν Στρά τωνα ἀπιόντ ̓ ἤδη, τὴν ἔρημον δεδωκότα. τὸ μὲν οὖν πρῶτον οἷός τ ̓ ἦν πείθειν αὐτὸν, ἣν και ταδεδιῃτήκει, ταύτην ἀποδε διῃτημένην ἀποφέρειν. ἔρημος in Attic has usually two terminations only: hence ἐρήμους δίκας, which was perhaps preferred to ἐρήμας δίκας on grounds of euphony. In § 6 however we ând ἐρήμην κατε διῃτήσασθε, possibly to avoid the ambiguity arising from the ellipse of δίκην, and in § 31 we have ἐρήμην μου καταδεδιῃτήκει τοιαύτην ἑτέραν δίκην. τὴν μὲν χιλίων.] The same suit is described in § 31 (quoted in last note) as similar to the suit in which this speech is spoken. The damages in the latter are also fixed at 1000 drachmae, § 25. πείσας] sc. καταδιαιτήσασθαι. Καλλικράτην.] On the part taken in these lawsuits by Callicrates, the brother of the plaintiff Callicles, see A. Schaefer, Dem. und seine Zeit III. 2, p. 254 note. §§ 3-7. (My opponents bring an action for damages on the ground that the building of a wall enclosing my property has stopped a water-course, and thus diverted the drainage of the surrounding hills on to the property of the plaintiff on the opposite side of the road). In answer to all their arguments, I have simply to plead that my father built that wall fifteen years before his death, without any objection, formal or informal, on the part of the plaintiff's family, who are now attempting to take advantage of my youth and inexperience. I also challenge them to prove the existence of the alleged watercourse (§ 6). 3. δίκαιον.] 'a fair and legal plea. Or. 54 §§ 27, 29, 42. γάρ.] See note on Or. 53 § 4. —ὁ πατὴρ, sc. Tisias § 5.—μικο ροῦ δεῖν πρὶν, almost before, (i. e. 'a very short time after') I was born; not 'within a little before,' 'just before.' Καλλιπίδου τοῦτούτων πατρὸς.] The two sons Καλλικλής and Καλλικράτης bear names similar to their father's, Καλλιπίδης, all three being compounds of πατρὸς καὶ γειτνιῶντος, ὃς ἀκριβέστερον ἤδει δήπου τούτων, ὄντος δὲ Καλλικλέους ἀνδρὸς ἤδη καὶ ἐπιδη4 μοῦντος ̓Αθήνησιν· ἐν δὲ τούτοις τοῖς ἔτεσιν ἅπασιν οὔτ ̓ ἐγκαλῶν οὐδεὶς πώποτ ̓ ἦλθεν οὔτε μεμφόμενος (καίτοι δῆλον ὅτι καὶ τόθ ̓ ὕδατα πολλάκις ἐγένετο, οὔτ ̓ ἐκώλυσεν ἐξ ἀρχῆς, εἴπερ ἠδίκει τινὰ περιοικοδο- 127 μῶν ὁ πατὴρ τὸ ἡμέτερον χωρίον, ἀλλ ̓ οὐδ ̓ ἀπηγόρευ σεν οὐδὲ διεμαρτύρατο, πλέον μὲν ἢ πεντεκαίδεκ ̓ ἔτη τοῦ πατρὸς ἐπιβιοῦντος, οὐκ ἐλάττω δὲ τοῦ τούτων • Z et Bekk. (st. Leipsig ed.). κάλλος. Thus we have Ναυ σίφιλος Ναυσινίκου, and Καλ λίστρατος Καλλικράτους. So also brothers' names sometimes varied but slightly, as Diodotus and Diogeiton' (Becker's Charicles p. 220 Eng. ed.). ἀνδρὸς ἤδη.] Having attained to man's estate and being resident at Athens, Callicles might have brought an action long ago, if he felt himself aggrieved. P.] 4. καίτοι — ὕδατα πολλάκις ἐγένετο.] ‘and yet of course it often rained then, just as it does now,'-a touch of quiet humour characteristic of this speech. (ὕδωρ γενέσθαι literally refers to rain, though floods are implied as a necessary consequence. Ar. Vesp. 265, δεῖται .....ὕδωρ γενέσθαι κἀπιπνεῦσαι βόρειον αὐτοῖς.) εἴπερ ἠδίκει.] (As he would have done) if my father was wronging any one... (But he did not prevent him; and not only so, but &c. Ρ.] In ἀπηγόρευσε.] ‘forbade. Classical Greek, ἀγορεύω and its compounds are seldom found except in the present and imperfect tenses; the remaining tenses and the verbal deriva ἐγίγνετο Bekk. (Berlin ed.). tives being generally borrowed from ἐρῶ, εἶπον, εἴρηκα, εἴρημαι, ἐρρήθην, ῥηθήσομαι, with ῥῆσις, ῥητὸς, ῥητέον. Thus αναγορεύω (to proclaim) has for its imperfect ἀνηγόρευον, while the correct forms for the other parts are, ἀνερῶ, ἀνείρηκα, ἀνεῖπον, ἀνερρήθην and ἀνάρρησις &c., instead of ἀναγορεύσω ... ἀνηγόρευσις &c. The strict rule, however, as to this verb and its compounds, has its exceptions, in the case of προσαγορεύω and partially also in ἀπαγορεύω. Thus instead of the more usual ἀπείπε, we here fnd ἀπηγόρευσε, which also occurs in Dem. Or. 40 § 44 απηγόρευσεν αὐτῷ μὴ διαιταν and Arist. Οecon. ΙΙ. 24; Plat. Theaet. p. 200, ἀπαγορεύσης. In Ar. Pax 107 we have καταγορεύσῃ. (See Cobet's να riae lectiones p. 35-39 and novae lectiones p. 778; also Veitch, Greek Verbs p. 10, ed. 1871.) διεμαρτύρατο.] formally protested. Or. 33 § 20, διαμαρτυραμένου τοῦ ἀνθρώπου ἐναντίον μαρτύρων. ἐπιβιοῦντος.] Sense and usage alike shew that this, though at first sight an ambiguous form, is certainly aorist, and not present. Cf. § 32, ἐπεβίω, which 5 πατρὸς Καλλιππίδου. καίτοι, ὦ Καλλίκλεις, ἐξῆν δήπου τόθ' ὑμῖν, ὁρῶσιν ἀποικοδομουμένην τὴν χαράδραν, ἐλθοῦσιν εὐθὺς ἀγανακτεῖν καὶ λέγειν πρὸς τὸν πατέρα “Τισία, τί ταῦτα ποιεῖς; ἀποικοδομεῖς τὴν χα also occurs in Thuc. II. 65, (of Pericles) ἐπεβίω δύο ἔτη καὶ μῆνας ἓξ καὶ ἐπειδὴ ἀπέθανεν κ.τ.λ. So also Or. 41 §§ 19 and 18, ἐπιβιοῦντος μετὰ ταῦτα πλεῖον ἢ πένθ ̓ ἡμέρας. The first person ἐπεβίων is naturally rare, as the aorist of this verb is mainly applicable to those who are no longer living; but Thuc. v. 26, has, ἐπεβίων διὰ παντὸς (τοῦ που λέμου). In Attic Greek ἐβίων, like βιώσομαι, βεβίωκα and βε βιωμένος is used to supplement the defects of ζῆν, which is itself hardly used except in the present and imperfect active. ζήσω is very rare. (See Cobet, variae lect. p. 610). 5. ἐξῆν.] As usual, without dv. See note on ἐχρῆν Or. 45 § 17, followed, as here, by iva with the indicative. ipiv.] 'You and yours,' i.e. your father, your brother and (when at home, and not at Athens $ 3) yourself. ὑμεῖς never stands for où, and it has been shewn elsewhere that the passages quoted from Isocrates to prove the contrary will not bear examination (Isocr. ad Dem. § 2). So also, in Eur. Bacch. 252, αναίνομαι πάτερ | τὸ γῆρας ὑμῶν εἰσορῶν νοῦν οὐκ ἔχον, the plural pov refers to Cadmus and Teiresias, not to the former only; and in Homer, Odyss. XII. 81, we have ᾗπερ ἂν ὑμεῖς νῆα παρὰ γλαφυρὴν ὶθύνετε, φαίδιμ' Οδυσσεύ, where ὑμεῖς refers to Odysseus and his comrades. In Latin however the rule is perhaps less strictly kept, and vester appears to be used for tuus in Catullus 71, 3, Aemulus iste tuus qui vestrum exercet amorem, probably the only instance of this exceptional use of plural for singular. The rule is only apparently broken in Virg. Αen. ix. 525, Vos, ο Callis ope, precor, aspirate canenti. Here vos refers to all the Muses, though Calliope alone is mentioned. (Cf. Aen. 1. 140, vestras, Eure, domos.) So too Cicero pro Deiot. § 29, vos vestra secunda fortuna, Castor, non potestis sine propinquorum calamitate esse contenti? (The plural vos is at once explained by felix ista domus in the previous sentence.) τὴν χαράδραν.] The word is not only used of the torrent itself, but also of the channel cut by the torrent's course (der. χαράσσω). Hesychius χαράδρα χείμαρρος ποταμός. κατάγει δὲ οὗτος παντοῖα ἐν τῷ ῥεύματι καὶ κατασύρει. χαράδραι· αἱ χαράξεις τοῦ ἐδάφους. καὶ οἱ κοίλοι τόποι ἀπὸ τῶν καταφερομένων ὀμβρίων υδάτων. The rendering 'water-course' will suit all the passages in which it occurs in the present speech. τί ταῦτα ποιεῖς;] Not 'why are you doing this?' but 'what is this that you are doing?' 'Are you cutting off, stopping, the water-course?' ἀποικοδομεῖς.] ἀντὶ τοῦ ἀπο φράττεις απολαβών τινα (?) οικοδομήματι· Δημοσθένης ἐν τῷ πρὸς Καλλικλέα. The above expla “ράδραν; εἶτ ̓ ἐμπεσεῖται τὸ ὕδωρ εἰς τὸ χωρίον τὸ “ἡμέτερον,” ἵν ̓ εἰ μὲν ἐβούλετο παύσασθαι, μηδὲν ὑμῖνα ἦν δυσχερὲς πρὸς ἀλλήλους, εἰ δ ̓ ὠλιγώρησε καὶ συνέβη τι τοιοῦτον, μάρτυσιν εἶχες τοῖς τότε παραγενομέ 6 νοις χρῆσθαι. καὶ νὴ Δί ̓ ἐπιδεῖξαί σε ἔδει πᾶσιν ἀνθρώποις χαράδραν οὖσαν, ἵνα μὴ λόγῳ μόνον, ὥσπερ νῦν, ἀλλ ̓ ἔργῳ τὸν πατέρ ̓ ἀδικοῦντ ̓ ἀπέφαινες. τούτων τοίνυν οὐδὲν πώποτ ̓ οὐδεὶς ποιεῖν ἠξίωσεν. οὐ γὰρ ἂν οὔτ ̓ ἐρήμην, ὥσπερ ἐμοῦ νῦν, κατεδιῃτήσασθε, ὁ ἡμῖν ἢν δυσχερὲς πρὸς ἀλλήλους Bekk. (st. ed.). ὑμῖν δυσχερὲς πρὸς ἀλλήλους ἦν Bekk. (Berlin). nation from Harpocration, with the awkward τινὰ, does not entirely suit this passage, though he specially refers to this speech. But in Thuc. 1. 134, we read of Pausanias, ἔνδον ὄντα τηρήσαντες αὐτὸν καὶ ἀπολαβόντες εἴσω ἀπῳκοδόμησαν, and it seems likely that the lexicographer, or his transcribers, either had that passage itself in view, or carelessly incorporated into an explanation of Demosthenes the note of some previous expositor of Thucydides. ἵνα... ἦν.] Goodwin's Moods and Tenses § 44, 3, and Or. 36 § 47. As an exact parallel to the whole of this sentence, we have Or. 28 § 5, ἐχρῆν (like ἐξῆν, supra)...εἰσκαλέσαντας μάρτυρας πολλοὺς παρασημήνασθαι κελεύσαι τὰς διαθήκας, ἵν', εἴ τι ἐγίγ νετο ἀμφισβητήσιμον, ἦν εἰς τὰ γράμματα ταῦτ ̓ ἐπανελθεῖν. ὑμῖν, the reading of the Zurich editors, as well as Dindorf, refers to the defendant's father Tisias and the family of Callicles the plaintiff. If (with G. H. Schaefer) we accept ἡμῖν which is found in the codex Augustanus primus and appa rently in other ass, the sense is: 'in which case you and I would have been having no disputes with one another (as we now have).' εἰσυνέβη τι τοιοῦτον.] i. e. εἰ ἐνέπεσεν τὸ ὕδωρ εἰς τὸ χωρίον τὸ ὑμέτερον.—μάρτυσι, referring to διεμαρτύρατο in § 4. εἶχες.] without dr, being dependent on iva, like the preceding v. intelligendum de Callicle, qui si tale quid olim factum esset, testibus nunc uti posset.' G. H. Schaefer. 6. ἐπιδεῖξαι ... χαράδραν οὖ σαν.] § 12, ἐγὼ ἀποδείξω χωρίον ἂν τοῦτ ̓ ἀλλ ̓ οὐ χαράδραν. “ ἐπιδεῖξαί σέ γε, Reiskius e MSS, sed vel lege γέ σε, vel potius dele σε Dobree. ἵνα—ἀπέφαινες.] Constr. ἵνα μὴ λόγῳ μόνον ἀπέφαινες τὸν πατέρα ἀδικοῦντα, ὥσπερ νῦν (ἀποφαίνεις), ἀλλ' ἔργῳ (ἀπέφαινες ἀδικοῦντα). λόγῳ and ἔργῳ (on which see Or. 46 § 9) are not to be taken with άδικούντα.-In the next sentence οὐδεὶς means οὐδεὶς ὑμῶν. ἐρήμην...κατεδιῃτήσασθε.] See § 2. |