Στρ. α'.

ἄνευ σέθεν

5

ΙΟ

̓Αντ. α'.

1.

and

ἀμφέπειν.

Also Ειλείθυια Deliverer,

Ελείθυια.] Ελευθώ = ‘The clearly akin to ἐλεύθερος, of which the etymology is uncertain. Cf. perhaps ἔριθος, ' a free labourer.

Μοιρᾶν.] For their attendance at births cf. Ol. I. 26, ἐπεί νιν (Πέλοπα) καθαροῦ λέβητος ἔξελε Κλωθώ, νι. 41, τῇ μὲν ὁ Χρυσοκόμας | πραΰμητίν τ' Ελείθυιαν παρέστασέν τε Μοίρας.

2. Cf. Hes. Theog. 922, d' (Ηρα) Ηβην καὶ ̓́Αρηα καὶ Εἰλείθυιαν ἔτικτεν,

3. δρακέντες.] Cf. Pyth. ΙΙ. 20. This is the participle of the gnômic aorist, cf. Nem. 1. 62.

4. ἀγλαόγυιον.] Is this epithet causative = 'bestowing victorious limbs' (cf. Ol. xiv. 3 note)?

5. ἀναπνέομεν.] Rendered live, or 'aspire,' but is it a metaphor from running and other exercises, gather breath for equal efforts,' cf. Nem. VIII. 19? For 'live' Cookesley quotes Soph. Αiax, 415, ἀμπνοὰς ἔχοντα, “ while alive.

,

6. εἴργει.] Schol. διακωλύει, ' restrain,'check.' For we beneath the yoke of Destiny by divers

15

checks are severally held.' Cf. Nem. VI. 2. For ζυγέντ' cf. Soph. Phil. 1025, κλοπῇ τε κἀνάγκῃ ζυγείς, Eur. Hel. 255, τίνι πότμῳ συνεζύγην ;

7. καί.] ‘Even so, in spite of lets and hindrances.

ἀρετᾷ κριθείς.] 'Adjudged to victory,' i.e. by the judges at Nemea. Mezger explains 'chosen by destiny to be a victor.' Thus åpeтa is a dative of end or direction (termini). Or should we interpret 'chosen by destiny because of his merit (to be glorious theme of song) he is the glorious theme of song'-a dative of cause? Dissen, virtute distinctus as a dative of ' side, aspect, regard, or property,' Madv. § 40. He compares Soph. Phil. 1425, ἀρετῇ τε πρῶτος ἐκκριθεὶς στρατεύματος. Don. compares the use of κριτός, Pyth. IV. 50, Isth. vii. 65. The Schol. interprets by ἐκκριτὸς γενόμενος. Cf. Nem. Iv. 2, note on κεκριμένων.

10. μάλα, κ.τ.λ.] 'And right glad are they to foster a spirit conversant in contests. For ἀμφέπει cf. Pyth. ix. 70, ΙΙΙ. 51, 108, where the object is a person, while infra,

v. 91, here and Isth. III. 77 the object is an attribute of the subject.

The Schol. is wrong in suggesting that the reason for their zeal is because Pêleus had invented the pentathlon, as dywvia refers to all kinds of contests. For the dative with σúμжεрov Dissen quotes Od. ΙΙΙ, 23, οὐδέ τί πω μύθοισι πεπείρημαι πυκινοῖσι, and explains the dative as giving the force of making trial of one's self in an occupation,' not merely, 'trial of the occupation,' cf. Lat. jure peritus. This explanation does not apply to Il. xv. 282, ¿πɩστάμενος ἄκοντι, which is an insuficient quotation. The passage is Αἰτωλῶν ὄχ ̓ ἄριστος, ἐπιστ. μὲν ἄκ., ἐσθλὸς δ' ἐν σταδίῃ· ἀγορῇ δέ ἑ παῦροι 'Αχαίων νίκων, κ.τ.λ. With ἄκοντι some supply μάχεσθαι oι βάλλειν, while others compare Lat. sciens fidibus (see Paley's note). But ev σταδίῃ, ἀγορῇ which follow show that we should render 'far the noblest of the Aet., in skill in the spear-throwing, in bravery, in the press of war, while in assembly few of the Achaeans would surpass him, &c.'; so that aкovтi qualifies ὄχ ̓ ἄριστος as much if not more than ἐπιστάμενος. The preposition in σύμπειρον seems to me to account for the dative ἀγωνίᾳ, the sense being essaying trial in connection with contests.'

11. Túx.] For ei with subj. cf. my note on Pyth. vIII. 13.

For τυγχάνω=εὐτυχέω cf. Ol. II. 51, τὸ δὲ τυχεῖν | πειρώμενον ἀγωνίας παραλύει δυσφρονᾶν, Pyth. III. 104, χρὴ πρὸς μακάρων τυγχάνοντ' εὖ Táσxeμev, infra, v. 55. Pindar uses ἔρδων, ἔρξαις with reference to contests four times out of nine in

stances (eight participles), epyμa always so, pyov often so.

μελίφρον αἰτίαν.] * A delightsome motive,' causing them to flow freely. For poaîoi cf. infra, v. 62, and Isth. νι. 19, κλυταῖς ἐπέων ῥοαῖσιν.

12. ἐνέβαλε.] For the gnomic aorist in hypothetical constructions cf. Goodwin § 51, Remark. The metaphor seems to be from throwing some herb or other object of worth into a scanty spring with an incantation to procure an abundant flow of water. The idea is recalled infra, vv. 61, 62.

aλkal.] Distributive-' feats of endurance.' Pindar uses aλκà in reference to the pentathlon, pankration, wrestling and boxing.

13. Note the involved order, ὕμνων and ἔχοντι being transposed. Dissen quotes Eur. Frag. inc. II., n εὐλάβεια σκότον ἔχει καθ ̓ Ελλάδα, for the phrase.

14. ἔσοπτρον.] Observe that even the victor himself cannot appreciate his own exploit without the poet's aid. The spread of his fame reacts on his own mind and poetic treatment reveals to him an elevated and idealised representation of his achievements and position. Cookesley aptly quotes Hamlet, Act iii. 2, Anything so overdone is from the purpose of playing, whose end both at the first and now, was, and is, to hold, as 't were, the mirror up to nature; to show virtue her own feature; &c.' Elsewhere Pindar speaks of the immortality conferred by verse; here he speaks of immediate distinction.

6

ἑνὶ σὺν τρόπῳ.] ‘On one condition only,' lit. 'in connection with one way.'

a

15. Cf. Ol. XIV. 20 for KaтI 'by favour of.' Mnemosynê was Titanid, daughter of Uranos and Gaea, mother of the Muses by Zeus. Hêsiod, Theog. 915, calls her daughters xpuσάμπνкes, cf. Рyth. III. 89.

16. εύρηται.] MSS. εὕρηταί τις the pronoun being clearly an incorporated gloss intended to show that the verb was the subj. mid. not the perf. pass. For Tis understood cf. Soph. Ο. Τ. 314, ἄνδρα δ ̓ ὠφελεῖν ἀφ ̓ ὧν | ἔχοι τε καὶ δύναιτο κάλλιστος πόνων, Ο1. νι. 4.

κλυταῖς.]

'Through glorifying strains of verse.' For causative use of adjective cf. Ol. 1. 26, vI. 76, xi. 4, Pyth. Iv. 81, 216, Ix. 11, Nem. VIII. 40.

17. 'Wise pilots know that a wind is due in three days, nor are they injured through greed of gain,' or-'misled under the influence of gain': for væò кépdeι cf. Hes. Theog. 862866, τέχνῃ ὑπ ̓ αἰζηών and τήκεται ὑφ' Ηφαίστου παλάμῃσιν.

Don. seems right in objecting to Dissen's ὑπόβλαβεν as not occurring elsewhere, and, as he did not see 'what would be the meaning of such a compound here, and still less how any emphasis would fall on the preposition so as to justify a tmesis,' he alters the Triclinian ὑπὸ βάλον to ἀπὸ—βάλον. But the Vatican ẞláßev is supported by the Medicean Xáßev and gives good sense, and moreover, though it has a more general sense than the inuwonoar of the Schol. and is therefore not synonymous therewith, yet might well be interpreted by the more narrow and technical term. Don.'s last two quotations prove this, and on the other hand prove

'Eπ. a'.

25

no more than that nula and not Bláßn is the exact prose correlative of κέρδος. He says ' κέρδος and ζημία are properly opposed to one another: Plato, Hipparch. p. 226, E: Képdos δὲ λέγεις ἐνάντιον τῇ ζημίᾳ, comp. Plato, Legg. VIII. p. 835, в: μéya τῇ πόλει κέρδος ἢ ζημίαν ἂν φέροι; and see Aristot. Ethic. Nicom. v. 4: καλεῖται δὲ τὸ μὲν ζημία, τὸ δὲ Képdos. Isocr. Nicocl. p. 37, B: TÒ μὲν λαβεῖν κέρδος είναι νομίζετε, τὸ δ' ἀναλῶσαι ζημίαν. That βλάβη was not a synonym for nuía in this antithesis appears from Xenoph. Cyrop. II. 2 § 12: μήτ' ἐπὶ τῷ ἑαυ τῶν κέρδει, μήτ' ἐπὶ ζημίᾳ τῶν ἀκουόντων, μήτ' ἐπὶ βλάβῃ μηδεμιᾷ, comp. Cyrop. III. 1 § 30: púλažai μn ἡμᾶς ἀποβαλών, σαυτὸν ζημιώσης πλείω ἢ ὁ πατὴρ ἠδυνήθη σε βλά ψαι.

That nuia is not the only correlative to κépdos is proved by Hes. W. and D. 352, κακὰ κέρδεα ίσ' ἄτησιν. To support his ingenious conjecture ἀπὸ βάλον Don.does not cite any instance of ἀποβάλλω=jacturam facio used absolutely, nor do I see why 'the tmesis obviates any objection' on this score. From σόφοι (ν. 17) to νέονται (ν. 20) is a parenthesis.

The meaning of this passage is variously explained. Dissen takes it to signify that it is wise to pay for a poet and chorus at once, but the Képde applies more to the skippers who might, if greedy of gain, stay in harbour shipping more cargo till the fine weather was over, than to the victor and his father. The simile seems merely to indicate the danger of trusting to the future instead of realising such advantages as the present

30

Στρ. β'.

affords.

The imminence of death (vv. 19, 20) is an instance of an ἄνεμος. I think that the poet alludes not merely to promptitude in securing commemoration of the victory, but to Sôgenes having secured fame already in his boyhood, and so having made the best preparation for death.

Had Theâriôn suffered from the premature loss of an elder son or elder sons? So far as the κέρδος applies to Theâriôn it includes the cost of training and competing and also the anxiety of a fond parent for his son's safety.

MSS.

19. θανάτου πέρας | ἅμα.] θανάτου παρὰ σᾶμα, against the metre. Bockh θάνατον πάρα | θαμὰ (=äμa). Wieseler, Schneidewin and T. Mommsen give the text. 'Wend their way together (cf. Il. VII. 335) to the bourn of death.'

20. ἔλπομαι.] Cf. Frag. 39 [33], 1, τί δ' ἔλπεαι σοφίαν ἔμμεναι. 'I believe that the renown of Odysseus came to transcend the reality, ἢ πάθαν (πάθεν) being equivalent to ἢ καθ ̓ ἃ ἔπαθεν. Mss. read πάθαν, new πάθεν.

Old

21. "Ομηρον.] Probably the Lesser Iliad or the Aethiopis is meant. Cf. on Nem. VIII. 23-32.

22. οἱ.] Cf. Ol. IX. 15, Θέμις

θυγάτηρ τε οἱ σώτειρα...μεγαλόδοξος Εὐνομία, also note on Ol. I. 14, Pyth. iv. 48, αἷμά οἱ (?), Nem. x. 29.

ποτανᾷ μαχανᾷ.]‘Power of making winged.' Cf. note on Pyth. 1. 41 and Pyth. VIII. 34, xpéos, ('debt of praise) ἐμᾷ ποτανὸν ἀμφὶ μαχανᾷ, Pyth. Ιx. 92, σιγαλὸν ἀμαχανίαν, 'Lack of poetic power that bringeth silence.' For sentiment cf. Ol. 1. 28, 29, Thuk. I. 21. 1.

23. σεμνόν τι.] • An air of solemnity' which induces belief. For ἔπεστι Dissen quotes Aristoph. Nub. 1025, ὡς ἡδὺ σοῦ τοῖσι λόγοις σώφρον ἔπεστιν ἄνθος.

42.

σοφία.] ‘Poetic skill. Cf. Pyth. I.

κλέπτει παράγοισα.] For suppression of object cf. Pyth. II. 17, 'Beguiles us by the seduction of epic narratives.'

25. .] Refers to τὸν ἀνδρῶν ὅμιλον. For ἦν with accusative pronoun cf. εἴη with acc. pron. Ol. I. 115, Pyth. II. 96, Isth. 1. 64. Cookesley takes = αὐτάν, incorrectly citing ΟΙ. Ιx. 14, αἰνήσαις ἢ καὶ υἱόν, which should be interpreted by praising Opus herself and her son.'

26. o καρτ. Αἴ.] ‘Aias the stout champion. For gen.ὅπλων cf. Madv. § 61, Rem. 1, Il. I. 65, εἴτ ̓ ἄρ ̓ ὅγ ̓ εὐχωλῆς ἐπιμέμφεται εἴθ ̓ ἑκατόμβης.