...authority. 'Cultivators of the earth are the most valuable citizens', he wrote from Paris in 1785. 'I consider the class of artificers as the panders...by which the liberties of a country are generally overturned.'1 Yet now he became the ancestral spirit of an interventionist national government trying...

...that most Americans viewed repetitive factory work with suspicion almost as strong as Jefferson's. "I consider the class of artificers as the panders...liberties of a country are generally overturned," he wrote in 1785 as the first federal surveyors began ordering the Ohio Valley lands, and not until...

...to seek employment outside the farm. But he rejected out of hand any turn to domestic manufacturing. "I consider the class of artificers as the panders...by which the liberties of a country are generally overturned."59 Here Jefferson rings a change on the traditional republican argument that commerce undermines...

...classes, I find the former most valuable citizens. I consider the class of artificers [the working class] as the panders of vice, and the instruments by which...liberties of a country are generally overturned." It was indeed strange that for all of his astute reasoning on the future development of the country,...

...profession in the way he did the class of "people engaged in industry," a class that Jefferson believed was the "panders of vice and the instruments by which...liberties of a country are generally overturned." But neither was he enthusiastic at the prospect of growth in US overseas trade, for it promised to...

...when there were too many farmers, Jefferson would rather Americans become sailors than manufacturers. "I consider the class of artificers as the panders...by which the liberties of a country are generally overturned."73 Jefferson's objection was not to manufacturing as such, but to enterprises that would...

...the inhabitants of cities as "ephemeral insects". To John Jay, August 23, 1798 (p.818) he declares "I consider the class of artificers as the panders...instruments by which the liberties of a country are overturned", suggesting the link between cities and manufacturing as foes of liberty. For the twentieth...

...to turn them to the sea in preference to manufacturers, because comparing the character of the two classes I find the former the most valuable citizens....liberties of a country are generally overturned." 65 He also expressed uncertainty about the likelihood that his vision for the broad distribution of...

...to turn them to the sea in preference to manufacturers, because comparing the character of the two classes I find the former the most valuable citizens....by which the liberties of a country are generally overturned."65 He also expressed uncertainty about the likelihood that his vision for the broad distribution...

...to turn them to the sea in preference to manufactures, because comparing the characters of the two classes I find the former the most valuable citizens....consider the class of artificers as the panders of vice & the instruments by which the liberties of a country are generally overturned. However we are not...